Tungsten Carbide Ball Bearing II

There are twomain sections of tungsten carbide ball bearing, one is ball bearings with integral shafts, the other is specifically divided into  thrust bearings, linear bearings, angular contact bearings and the most common ball bearing, the radial bearing.

1. Tungsten Carbide Ball Bearings with Integral Shafts

The integral shaft or “water pump spindle bearing” was originally designed as a support bearing for use in automotive engine cooling systems. Due to its versatile design, this bearing can also be used in fans, vane pumps and washing machines. Integral shaft bearings are generally double row ball bearings (two sets of balls) comprised of an outer race with two ball tracks or raceways and an inner “race” that is machined directly into the surface of an internal shaft. They do not have an inner ring like conventional double row ball bearings. As the name suggests, an “integral shaft ball bearing” is simply tungsten carbide ball bearing with a shaft that is an integral part of the bearing, i.e., the shaft cannot be removed without disassembling or otherwise destroying the bearing.
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Tungsten Carbide Ball Bearing

Tungsten carbide ball bearing is one of two types of rolling bearings, the other being a roller bearing. The purpose of tungsten carbide ball bearing is to reduce friction and to support radial and axial loads. There are four main parts of a ball bearing: two grooved, ring-like races or tracks (inner and outer ring), a number of hardened steel balls and a cage to space, separate and guide the balls. The inner race is the smaller of the two races and fits inside the larger outer race. The balls fill the space between the two races and allow the bearing to rotate smoothly within the grooves.

Tungsten carbide ball bearings come in all shapes, sizes and materials and are by far the most common bearing used. They are a required component in many industrial, residential and commercial applications and play an important role in everyday life. These bearings are used in a wide range of products including heavy industrial equipment, such as steel rolling mills, washing machines and personal computer hard drives. Some of their not so common uses are in military aircraft and oil drilling equipment.
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Tungsten Alloy Military Spheres Applications

With the highest density weighting in at 1.7 times heavier than lead, tungsten alloy is the best ideal material for military defense used in military. On the one hand, tungsten is non-toxic, so it is the related product for lead which was used in bullet and shot to reduce the environmental hazardous materials in the military field. On the other hand owing to its great hardness and resistance to high temperature, tungsten alloy sphere has been applied in military defense increasingly today.

Tungsten alloy sphere can be also used as bullets or pellets in many military filed, the main advantages of tungsten alloy balls which made as pellet are that it's very dense, and very hard. The density allows the pellets to fly long distances without slowing down, while the hardness allows the pellets to keep their shape while being accelerated by the powder charge, which increases the muzzle velocity.

As well tungsten alloy spheres are widely used in hand grenade, armor piercing projectile, prefabricated fragments, tungsten alloy sphere is in small volume with high density, which means it could be used in some fields need the little but heavy parts, such as counterweights for military defense, projectiles in the missile weapons, armor piercing ammunition, hunting equipment, armor piercing ammunition,tungsten alloy bullet.

 

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Tungsten Penetrator

Numerous types of penetrators exist. Tungsten is often a material of choice in the penetrator art. A typical method for fabricating penetrators from tungsten involves the use of tungsten powder metal, which is a heterogeneous mixture of tungsten and other metal powders. The mixture of powders is compacted into the desirable shape, liquid phase sintered and processed into penetrators.

Tungsten penetrator has superior, sought after properties. It may be produced by employing metal matrix composite technology. The tungsten penetrator herein differs from other penetrators in the prior art in that it is composed of tungsten whiskers. Although different crystalline orientations of tungsten whiskers may be employed within the scope of the present invention, the orientation is the one preferred.

Tungsten penetrators already in use tend to form mushroom heads upon impact of a hard target. The formation of a mushroom head decreases the penetration ability of a penetrator. Hence, the performance of a penetrator would be enhanced if the formation of a mushroom head could be eliminated.

 

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Introduction to Tungsten Carbide Tipped Reamers Ⅱ

(This article is divided into two parts and this is Part Ⅱ. For Part Ⅰ please refer to http://news.chinatungsten.com/en/tungsten-information/78698-ti-10017)

Types Of Tungsten Carbide Tipped Reamers
Reamers can be firstly classified by the number of flutes. Tungsten carbide-tipped roughing reamers may have either an even or an odd number of flutes, depending upon the reamer size and the application. Standard and finishing types usually have an even number of flutes. The spacing of the flutes around the reamer body is sometimes uneven to minimize the possibility of chatter.
 
Tungsten carbide tipped reamers may be made for either right- or left-hand flutes, or with straight flutes, and may incorporate one, two, or more sections of different diameters for cutting two or more diameters in one operation. Carbide tipped reamers in straight flute design, with strips of tungsten carbide the full length of the flutes, are ideal for precision reaming to close tolerances. The wear on the diameter from bushings is eliminated and back taper can be reduced to a minimum, as danger of pickup on the diameter is reduced.
 
Solid carbide reamers are more practical in small sizes because of their rigidity, heat resistance, and strength. Tipped reamers in small sizes below ¼ inch are very fragile because of the removal of steel necessary to install the tip. Also, the rapid absorption of heat causes brazing failures in dry operation.
 
Maintenance
For best efficiency, carbide-tipped reamers house be used only on machines that are in good condition. Loose or misaligned spindles can cause serious damage to a reamer, and the resulting cut will not conform to the desired size or finish.The magnitude of lead and rake angles, width of land, amount of clearance, and whether straight or spiral flutes should be employed are all related to the kind and characteristics of the material in the work piece.
 
Carbide tipped reamers are generally covered with a plastic coating over the tips for the protection of the cutting edges. This coating may be removed in such a matter that it can be replaced when the tool is not in use. The coolant or lubricant, when used, should be in abundant supply and should wash over the tool at all times to avoid cracking of the carbide from overheating and quenching.
 
Grinding Suggestions
Reamers should be sharpened as soon as they become dull enough to prevent proper cutting. It usually is necessary to sharpen only the cutting edge or the chamfer, but if it is necessary to regrind the diameter, the correct circular-land width must be maintained, as well as the back taper.Carbide tipped reamers may be reground on a standard cutter grinder with a 220-grit resinoid-bonded diamond cup wheel. The grinding wheel should be rotated in a direction to cut from the face of the tip toward its back (Fig 3-57). The use of a lubricant during grinding lengthens grinding wheel life and lessens the danger of a surface cracking or “crazing” of the carbide from overheating. Do not quench carbide tools in water.

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Tungsten Dart Out Chart for 301, 501, 801 Games Ⅰ

Know your out chart like the back of your hand!

There are many different combinations of numbers you can use to successfully double-out in an ’01 dart game.

Legend: S=Single,  D=Double,     T=Triple, SB=Single Bull,     DB=Double Bull

170 Out

T20 + T20 + DB (60 + 60 + 50)

169 Out

No three dart out

168 Out

No three dart out

167 Out

T20 + T19 + DB (60 + 57 + 50)

166 Out

No three dart out

165 Out

No three dart out

164 Out

T20 + T18 + DB (60 + 54 + 50)

163 Out

No three dart out

162 Out

No three dart out

161 Out

T20 + T17 + DB (60 + 51 + 50)

160 Out

T20 + T20 + D20 (60 + 60 + 40)

159 Out

No three dart out

158 Out

T20 + T20 + D19 (60 + 60 + 38)

157 Out

T20 + T19 + D20 (60 + 57 + 40)

156 Out

T20 + T20 + D18 (60 + 60 + 36)

155 Out

T20 + T19 + D19 (60 + 57 + 38)

154 Out

T20 + T18 + D20 (60 + 54 + 40)

153 Out

T20 + T19 + D18 (60 + 57 + 36)

152 Out

T20 + T20 + D16 (60 + 60 + 32)

151 Out

T20 + T17 + D20 (60 + 51 + 40)

150 Out

T20 + T18 + D18 (60 + 54 + 36)

149 Out

T20 + T19 + D16 (60 + 57 + 32)

148 Out

T20 + T16 + D20 (60 + 48 + 40)

147 Out

T20 + T17 + D18 (60 + 51 + 36)

146 Out

T20 + T18 + D16 (60 + 54 + 32)

145 Out

T20 + T15 + D20 (60 + 45 + 40)

144 Out

T20 + T20 + D12 (60 + 60 + 24)

143 Out

T20 + T17 + D16 (60 + 51 + 32)

142 Out

T20 + T14 + D20 (60 + 42 + 40)

141 Out

T20 + T19 + D12 (60 + 57 + 24)

140 Out

T20 + T20 + D10 (60 + 60 + 20)

139 Out

T19 + T14 + D20 (57 + 42 + 40)

138 Out

T20 + T18 + D12 (60 + 54 + 24)

137 Out

T20 + T19 + D10 (60 + 57 + 20)

136 Out

T20 + T20 + D8 (60 + 60 + 16)

135 Out

T20 + T17 + D12 (60 + 51 + 24)

134 Out

T20 + T14 + D16 (60 + 42 + 32)

133 Out

T20 + T19 + D8 (60 + 57 + 16)

132 Out

SB + T19 + DB (25 + 57 + 50)

131 Out

T20 + T13 + D16 (60 + 39 + 32)

130 Out

T20 + T18 + D8 (60 + 54 + 16)

129 Out

T19 + T20 + D6 (57 + 60 + 12)

128 Out

T18 + T14 + D16 (54 + 42 + 32)

 

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Introduction to Tungsten Carbide Tipped ReamersⅠ

(This article is divided into two parts and this is partⅠ. For Part Ⅱ please refer to
 
General View
Tungsten carbide tipped reamers are basically the same in design as high-speed-steel reamers, with the exception that the cutting blades have carbide tips. They may be used on a wide range of materials, including all the common industrial metals and the machinable plastics. The extreme hardness of cemented carbides enables them to withstand wear and abrasion; however, these materials are relatively brittle, and the reamer body, the flutes or blades, and the carbide tips themselves must definitely be shaped and dimensioned to resist deflection. Nearly all carbide-tipped reamers are intended for machine reaming.The terminology and definitions for reamers adopted and published by the ANSI are generally applicable to carbide-tipped reamers.
 
Mechanism and Parameters
Certain angles and clearances are embodied in the cutting elements of carbide-tipped reamers to obtain cutting action in the proper places, prevent friction, and clear the chips. Practically all the cutting is done on the chamfer, which is in the form of a truncated cone on the entering end of the reamer. This chamfer is shaped to start the reamer properly in the hole.
 
A clearance on the chamfer of 6 to 8 degrees on the carbide tip and a secondary clearance of 10 to 15 degrees on the steel body have proved to be satisfactory for most work piece materials. Under good work conditions and proper alignment of the reamer and the work, a back taper of 0.003 in/in of flute length is adequate. Back taper should be increased to prevent binding of only slightly dull tools when reaming very abrasive materials. In general, circular land widths may range from 0.007 inches on ¼ inch-diameter to 0.020 inches on 1 ½ inch-diameter reamers. Primary relief angles on the carbide tip range from 15 degrees on a ¼ inch-diameter to 7 degrees on a 1 ½ inch-diameter reamers 
Solid carbide reamers are available in diameters from 1/16 to 3/8 inches, and larger on special order. Since sintered carbide is a rigid material, a solid carbide reamer will finish a hole within close tolerances. If a hole is drilled slightly out of round or out of parallel, a solid carbide reamer will usually not follow the irregularities but will finish a true hole around its own axis. Rough and finish-reaming operations often can be combined into one through the use of solid carbide reamers.
 
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-to be continued-
 

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Tungsten Carbide Ball Grades and Applications II

4. YG8 Tungsten Carbide Ball
YG8 tungsten carbide ball is composed of 92% WC and 8% Co. Although it has lower hardness, wear resistance and lower cutting speed, it has better toughness and impact resistance, especially suitable for the early processing of cast iron, alloy, non-ferrous and non-metallic materials.

5. YG13 Tungsten Carbide Ball
YG13 tungsten carbide ball is composed of 87% WC and 13% Co, which has better toughness and ductility and is suitable for stamping parts manufacturing required good wear resistance and impact proofing.

6. YN6 Tungsten Carbide Ball
Based on WC and Co, YN6 tungsten carbide ball adds in a amount of Ni, which has excellent properties, such as good wear resistance and anti- corrosion. It is suitable for the seals of oil, sweage, acid, alkali, corrosive machine and some wear-resisting parts.

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Tungsten Carbide Ball Grades and Applications

1. YG6 Tungsten Carbide Ball
YG6 tungsten carbide ball is also called as YG6 tungsten ball, which is composed of 94% WC and 6% Co. It has high hardness and good anti-corrosion, and it is hundreds times harder than the common steel ball so that it can take place of steel ball for widely using in various hardware industries, such as bearing, die casting, valves, punching parts, measurement, grinding and so on.

2. YG6A Tungsten Carbide Ball
YG6A tungsten carbide ball is different from YG6 tungsten carbide ball, which added little TaC carbide so that it has better hardness and is suitable for processing at high temperature, non-ferrous metal, hardened steel, alloy steel and cast iron.

3. YG6x Tungsten Carbide Ball
YG6x tungsten carbide ball belongs to tungsten carbide with fine grain. Due to the fine grains, it has better hardness and wear resistance than coarse grain YG6 tungsten carbide ball, and it not only suitable for the processing of cast steel and thermal alloy steel, but also suitable for the finishing of normal cast iron.

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Developing Your Tungsten Darts Throw

There are many factors evolved in how you throw a tungsten dart. Every one has a different throw. Every one has a different throw. Every one has a different throw. But how to developing your tungsten darts throw?

Did you get that? Some people will try and tell you that you are doing something wrong unless they are a professional listen with half an ear, try what they are saying if it makes sense to you but do what feels comfortable to you even if it contradicts what they told you.

The only truly important factor about your throw is consistency. If you throw your tungsten darts with exactly the same movements every time you will be more accurate. If you miss just slightly off from where you wanted, you should not move, simply throw the next tungsten dart exactly as you threw the last with your aimed changed slightly and you should do fine.

Another important factor is having a smooth throw. Jerking your arm from your elbow or shoulder is a bad practice. Try to throw with a nice, smooth even motion and remember to follow through.
I am not going to preach anything else about how you should throw, you should make your own choices. How you grip the tungsten dart, stand at the line, aim your tungsten dart, move your arm, use your wrist, etc. will all affect your throw, but they are all very personal.

Just remember the one key: consistency.

How do you get consistent? - Practice.

 

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