Australian Cricket tungsten dart rule is a game playable by to individuals or teams. It is played similar to one inning of Australian or British Cricket.

The Object: To score higher than your opponent after each has had a turn as "bowler" and "batsman".

The Scoring: The players' names are written at the top of the scoreboard and a vertical line is drawn dividing the scoreboard into two columns. The numbers one through nine are written vertically on each player's side to indicate the "wickets".

The Play: Each player throws one tungsten dart at bulls-eye, closest to the bulls-eye chooses to be the "bowler" or the "batsman" first.

The "batsman" always throws first. The batsman tries to score as many points as possible with the thin outer "doubles" ring counting as two times the number thrown and the thin inner "triples" ring counting as three times the number thrown. At the end of the throw, the three darts are totaled and 40 is subtracted. The remaining score is the batsman's score for that throw. For example, if the batsman threw single-20, single-20, single-5; the score would be 5 (20+20+5=45, 45-40=5).

After the batsman throws, the "bowler" throws next. The bowler tries to bowl nine wickets as quickly as possible. To score a wicket, the bowler must hit the bulls-eye, the outer bulls-eye scores one wicket and the inner scores two. If the bowler throws a tungsten dart outside of the thin inner "triples" ring, points equivalent to the number the tungsten dart landed in are given to the batsman.

Each time the bowler scores a wicket, one of the nine wickets is crossed off the bowler's side of the board. When all nine wickets have been crossed out, half the inning (the game, although, games may be played with more than one inning) is over, the players reverse roles and play begins again. Whoever has the higher score wins the game.

One last catch, if the batsman accidentally hits a bulls-eye, one wicket is scored for the bowler (two if it's a double bulls-eye).

Strategy: There isn't any.

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Due to the shedding of binder phase and WC grain exposes, the harder tungsten carbide ball will grind the ball socket and come into “ball trap”, which block the output of ink and cause the disfluency of writing, even the falling of the ball. Therefore, in order to prevent ball from the corrosion of ink, the anti-corrosion of binder phase metal should be improved.

There are two ways of improving the anti-corrosion; one is to use low Co tungsten carbide to increase the solution of W in Co for compounding the low carbon tungsten carbide. The other is improve the anti-corrosion property through adding Cr、Ni appropriately. Besides, some manufactures have invented new tungsten carbide ball (non-magnetic carbide) to improve the situations. And there are other materials, such as Al₂O₃, ZrO₂ and SiO₂, has been used in pen, but their affinity of ink and anti-corrosion is not as good as tungsten carbide ball.












 

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Due to the shedding of binder phase and WC grain exposes, the harder tungsten carbide ball will grind the ball socket and come into “ball trap”, which block the output of ink and cause the disfluency of writing, even the falling of the ball. Therefore, in order to prevent ball from the corrosion of ink, the anti-corrosion of binder phase metal should be improved.

There are two ways of improving the anti-corrosion; one is to use low Co tungsten carbide to increase the solution of W in Co for compounding the low carbon tungsten carbide. The other is improve the anti-corrosion property through adding Cr、Ni appropriately. Besides, some manufactures have invented new tungsten carbide ball (non-magnetic carbide) to improve the situations. And there are other materials, such as Al₂O₃, ZrO₂ and SiO₂, has been used in pen, but their affinity of ink and anti-corrosion is not as good as tungsten carbide ball.




















More infomation about tungsten carbide ball for pen using, click here:

http://news.chinatungsten.com/en/tungsten-information/78947-ti-10057 
http://news.chinatungsten.com/en/tungsten-information/78949-ti-10058

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Tungsten heavy alloy sphere is widely used for military defense, usually consisted of W-Ni- Fe or W-Ni- Cu or even W-Ni-Cu-Fe, some tungsten alloys also contain Co, Mo, Cr, etc. Tungsten heavy alloy military sphere can be manufactured in many sizes.

High dense, 1.7 times heavier than lead, tungsten is the ideal metal for military defense. Tungsten is non-toxic and safe material, so tungsten heavy alloy military sphere is often used to replace lead. Owing to its great hardness and resistance to high temperature, tungsten heavy alloy sphere is increasingly adopted for military purposes and defense, such as in hand grenade, armor piercing projectile, prefabricated fragments. Tungsten heavy alloy sphere military sphere is small in volume and very dense. Allowing them to penetrate armor and damage targets. Tungsten heavy alloy sphere has been used in missile weapons, armor piercing ammunition, tungsten alloy bullet, shrapnel head, core for armor-piercing bullet measurement, kinetic energy penetrators, armor and shells.

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There are many different combinations of numbers you can use to successfully double-out in an ’01 tungsten dart game.

Legend: S= Single,    D= Double,    T= Triple,    SB= Single Bull,    DB= Double Bull

81 Out
S19 + T12 + D13 (19 + 36 + 26)
S19 + S12 + DB (19 + 12 + 50)
DB + S15 + D8 (50 + 15 + 16)
SB + S16 + D20 (25 + 16 + 40)
80 Out
T16 + D16 (48 + 32)
S16 + T16 + D8 (16 + 48 + 16)
79 Out
T13 + D20 (39 + 40)
S19 + S20 + D20 (19 + 20 + 40)
S13 + S16 + DB (13 + 16 + 50)
78 Out
T14 + D18 (42 + 36)
S18 + S20 + D20 (18 + 20 + 40)
77 Out
T19 + D10 (57 + 20)
S19 + S18 + D20 (19 + 18 + 40)
S15 + S12 + DB (15 + 12 + 50)
76 Out
T16 + D14 (48 + 28)
S20 + S16 + D20 (20 + 16 + 40)
75 Out
SB + DB (25 + 50)
S17 + S18 + D20 (17 + 18 + 40)
74 Out
T18 + D10 (54 + 20)
S14 + S20 + D20 (14 + 20 + 40)
S18 + S16 + D20 (18 + 16 + 40)
73 Out
T11 + D20 (33 + 40)
S19 + S14 + D20 (19 + 14 + 40)
72 Out
T20 + D6 (60 + 12)
T12 + D18 (36 + 36)
S20 + S20 + D16 (20 + 20 + 32)
S16 + S16 + D20 (16 + 16 + 40)
S12 + S20 + D20 (12 + 20 + 40)
71 Out
T17 + D10 (51 + 20)
S17 + S14 + D20 (17 + 14 + 40)
S13 + S18 + D20 (13 + 18 + 40)
70 Out
T10 + D20 (30 + 40)
S10 + S20 + D20 (10 + 20 + 40)
S18 + S20 + D16 (18 + 20 + 32)
69 Out
T19 + D6 (57 + 12)
S19 + S18 + D16 (19 + 18 + 32)
S15 + S14 + D20 (15 + 14 + 40)
68 Out
T12 + D16 (36 + 32)
S12 + S16 + D20 (12 + 16 + 40)
S20 + S16 + D16 (20 + 16 + 32)
67 Out
S17 + S18 + D16 (17 + 18 + 32)
66 Out
T10 + D18 (30 + 36)
S10 + S16 + D20 (10 + 16 + 40)
T18 + D6 (54 + 12)
S18 + S16 + D16 (18 + 16 + 32)
DB + D8 (50 + 16)
SB + S9 + D16 (25 + 9 + 32)
S14 + S20 + D16 (14 + 20 + 32)
65 Out
SB + D20 (25 + 40)
DB + S7 + D4 (50 + 7 + 8)
T19 + D4 (57 + 8)
S19 + S6 + D20 (19 + 6 + 40)
S19 + S10 + D18 (19 + 10 + 36)
S11 + S14 + D20 (11 + 14 + 40)
64 Out
S16 + S16 + D16 (16 + 16 + 32)
63 Out
T17 + D6 (51 + 12)
T9 + D18 (27 + 36)
S17 + S6 + D20 (17 + 6 + 40)
S17 + S10 + D18 (17 + 10 + 36)
S9 + S14 + D20 (9 + 14 + 40)
S13 + S18 + D16 (13 + 18 + 32)
62 Out
T14 + D10 (42 + 20)
S14 + S8 + D20 (14 + 8 + 40)
S14 + S16 + D16 (14 + 16 + 32)
S10 + S20 + D16 (10 + 20 + 32)
61 Out
SB + D18 (25 + 36)
S11 + DB (11 + 50)
DB + S3 + D4 (50 + 3 + 8)
S15 + S6 + D20 (15 + 6 + 40)
S15 + S10 + D18 (15 + 10 + 36)

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In addition, tungsten carbide ball for pen using can be specifically divided into WC-based cemented carbide, WC-TiC-based cemented carbide, Tic-based cemented carbide, Cr₃C₂-based cemented carbide and so on. WC-based cemented carbide is the most widely using for pen, although different basis of ball has different advantages and properties. Therefore, according to different ink and the material of nib, we should choose the proper ball and it can improve the quality of production.

Then we can sum up some regulations through tungsten carbide ball grades, which is that the more WC hard phase, the higher hardness and lower toughness and it will be fragile; the more fine WC grains, the higher hardness, the better wear resistance; the more Co binder, the lower hardness, the higher toughness and wear resistance; and the more Cr or Ni, the anti-corrosion will be increasing. So the abrasion is not proportional to the hardness, it can be influenced by other factors.












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In the early 1970s, people has researched tungsten carbide ball for pen using. Due to its excellent wear resistance and anti-corrosion, it can completely take place of normal stainless steel ball in many applications. With the development of processing, the cost of tungsten carbide ball has decreased, which spreads the tungsten carbide ball for pen using.

At present, the common types of pen in market, such as gel pen (filled with organic solvents whose viscosity is lower than oil-based ink and higher than water-based ink. The ink will transform semi-solid into liquid through nib when you are writing.); water-based pen (the main solvent is water, nib is always moist, the handwriting will smudge off when it meets water); and oil-based pen (which has high viscosity and much grease). No matter what kinds of pen, tungsten carbide ball can be suitable for pen using.

-To be continued-

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Dental students in medical schools have been taught to use carbide burs for intra-coronal preps and diamond burs for extra-coronal, but some ones still find they prefer to diamond burs all around. Is there any reason not to use diamond burs to prepare amalgam/composite cavities, provided the dimensions of the burs were correct for the preparation?

Restorative tooth preparation requires complete removal of enamel, existing restorative materials, and caries. Diamond burs will safely accomplish this and are unlikely to cause enamel fracture. However, while cutting through porcelain is best accomplished with diamonds, they are slow to cut enamel and slower at cutting metal-based restorations or sectioning cast metal copings or crowns. Diamond surfaces can also fill with debris and clog, wear smooth, and cause burnishing and overheating. Therefore, carbide burs are more often used to easily accomplish these tasks. Carbide burs should be used to trim and finish macro-filled composites and hybrid composites.

Carbides and diamonds also produce different outcomes: carbide burs slice or chip away at material, leaving the tooth surface smooth and more aesthetically pleasing. Diamond burs grind away at material, leaving a rough tooth surface which requires more polishing in the end.

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The cutting end of the tungsten carbide bur is named by its shape. There are a variety of shapes available, such as cylindrical shape (type SA), spherical shape (type SD), oval (egg) shape, tree Shape radius (type SF), Tree Shape-Pointed, Flame Shape (type SH), 60 Degree Cone Shape (type SJ), each suited to a particular task. Some of the most popular are round, pear, inverted cone, straight fissure, and tapered fissure.

Different flute angles also create different cutting characteristics and make a particular bur more appropriate for a certain task. Operative, or cavity preparation burs, have deep and wide flutes which allow for more aggressive enamel cutting with higher speed and efficiency. These operative burs are usually either straight-bladed (plain) or crosscut. Straight-bladed burs cut smoothly but more slowly, especially with harder materials. Crosscut burs have additional cuts across the blades (these are the crosscuts) to create increased cutting efficiency. While the benefit of these extra blades has been minimized in recent years with the advent of high-speed hand pieces (which cut more efficiently), crosscut burs can generally cut more quickly because debris does not build up on the bur. Trimming and finishing burs have more blades than operative burs, and the blades are closer together and shallower, which makes these burs ideal for the fine finishing and polishing of dental materials. Each type of bur shape has a number designation, with the head of the bur generally increasing in size as the number gets larger within a particular shape series. For example, round burs come in sizes from 1⁄4 to 8, with 8 having a much larger head than 1⁄4.(END)

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There are many different combinations of numbers you can use to successfully double-out in ’01 tungsten dart game. Here are some alternate out number combinations:
 
Legend: S= Single,    D= Double,    T= Triple,    SB= Single Bull,    DB= Double Bull

106 Out
S20 + T18 + D16 (20 + 54 + 32)
T20 + S6 + D20 (60 + 6 + 40)
T20 + S10 + D18 (60 + 10 + 36)
T19 + S17 + D16 (57 + 17 + 32)
105 Out
T19 + S16 + D16 (57 + 16 + 32)
T20 + S13 + D16 (60 + 13 + 32)
S20 + T19 + D14 (20 + 57 + 28)
S20 + T15 + D20 (20 + 45 + 40)
104 Out
T20 + S12 + D16 (60 + 12 + 32)
S20 + T20 + D12 (20 + 60 + 24)
S20 + T16 + D18 (20 + 48 + 36)
S18 + T18 + D16 (18 + 54 + 32)
T19 + S15 + D16 (57 + 15 + 32)
S19 + T19 + D14 (19 + 57 + 28)
103 Out
T20 + S11 + D16 (60 + 11 + 32)
S20 + T17 + D16 (20 + 51 + 32)
T20 + S3 + D20 (60 + 3 + 40)
T20 + S19 + D12 (60 + 19 + 24)
S20 + T17 + D16 (20 + 51 + 32)
102 Out
T20 + S6 + D18 (60 + 6 + 36)
T20 + S10 + D16 (60 + 10 + 32)
S20 + T14 + D20 (20 + 42 + 40)
S20 + T18 + D14 (20 + 54 + 28)
S20 + DB + D16 (20 + 50 + 32)
101 Out
T20 + 9 + D16 (60 + 9 + 32)
S20 + T19 + D12 (20 + 57 + 24)
S20 + T15 + D18 (20 + 45 + 36)
T19 + S12 + D16 (57 + 12 + 32)
S19 + T14 + D20 (19 + 42 + 40)
S19 + T18 + D14 (19 + 54 + 28)
S19 + DB + D16 (19 + 50 + 32)
100 Out
S20 + T20 + D10 (20 + 60 + 20)
S20 + T16 + D16 (20 + 48 + 32)
99 Out
T19 + S6 + D18 (57 + 6 + 36)
S19 + T20 + D10 (19 + 60 + 20)
98 Out
S20 + T18 + D12 (20 + 54 + 24)
97 Out
S19 + T18 + D12 (19 + 54 + 24)
96 Out
S20 + T20 + D8 (20 + 60 + 16)
95 Out
DB + S13 + D16 (50 + 13 + 32)
SB + T20 + D5 (25 + 60 + 10)
SB + S20 + DB (25 + 20 + 50)
S19 + T20 + D8 (19 + 60 + 16)
94 Out
DB + S12 + D16 (50 + 12 + 32)
SB + T19 + D6 (25 + 57 + 12)
SB + S19 + DB (25 + 19 + 50)
S18 + T20 + D8 (18 + 60 + 16)
93 Out
DB + S11 + D16 (50 + 11 + 32)
SB + T18 + D7 (25 + 54 + 14)
SB + S18 + DB (25 + 18 + 50)
S19 + T14 + D16 (19 + 42 + 32)
92 Out
DB + S10 + D16 (50 + 10 + 32)
SB + T17 + D8 (25 + 51 + 16)
SB + S17 + DB (25 + 17 + 50)
S20 + T20 + D6 (20 + 60 + 12)
S20 + T12 + D18 (20 + 36 + 36)
S20 + T16 + D12 (20 + 48 + 24)
91 Out
DB + S9 + D16 (50 + 9 + 32)
SB + T16 + D9 (25 + 48 + 18)
SB + S16 + DB (25 + 16 + 50)
S17 + T14 + D16 (17 + 42 + 32)
90 Out
S20 + T20 + D5 (20 + 60 + 10)
S20 + S20 + DB (20 + 20 + 50)
S18 + T20 + D6 (18 + 60 + 12)
S18 + T16 + D12 (18 + 48 + 24)
S18 + T12 + D18 (18 + 36 + 36)
DB + D20 (50 + 40)
SB + SB + D20 (25 + 25 + 40)
89 Out
S19 + T20 + D5 (19 + 60 + 10)
S19 + S20 + DB (19 + 20 + 50)
88 Out
T20 + D14 (60 + 28)
S20 + T18 + D7 (20 + 54 + 14)
S20 + S18 + DB (20 + 18 + 50)
S16 + T20 + D6 (16 + 60 + 12)
S16 + T16 + D12 (16 + 48 + 24)
S16 + T12 + D18 (16 + 36 + 36)
87 Out
S17 + T20 + D5 (17 + 60 + 10)
S17 + S20 + DB (17 + 20 + 50)
86 Out
S18 + T18 + D7 (18 + 54 + 14)
S18 + S18 + DB (18 + 18 + 50)
85 Out
T19 + D14 (57 + 28)
S19 + T16 + D9 (19 + 48 + 18)
S19 + S16 + DB (19 + 16 + 50)
S15 + T20 + D5 (15 + 60 + 10)
S15 + S20 + DB (15 + 20 + 50)
DB + S3 + D16 (50 + 3 + 32)
SB + S20 + D20 (25 + 20 + 40)
84 Out
T16 + D18 (48 + 36)
DB + D17 (50 + 34)
S20 + T14 + D11 (20 + 42 + 22)
S20 + S14 + DB (20 + 14 + 50)
S16 + T18 + D7 (16 + 54 + 14)
S16 + S18 + DB (16 + 18 + 50)
SB + S19 + D20 (25 + 19 + 40)
83 Out
S17 + T16 + D9 (17 + 48 + 18)
S17 + S16 + DB (17 + 16 + 50)
DB + S1 + D16 (50 + 1 + 32)
SB + S18 + D20 (25 + 18 + 40)
82 Out
DB + D16 (50 + 32)
SB + S17 + D20 (25 + 17 + 40)

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