Tungsten carbide button quality control can be devided into inner quality control and external quality control. Inner quality control includes ingredient and construction. External quality control includes size and surface roughness.

Tungsten carbide button ingredient and construction are being designed by application requirement. The main ingredients are tungsten and cobalt. Its property is adjusted by the content of cobalt and grain size of tungsten carbide. If the requirement for tungsten carbide button is high toughness and hardness, then the content of cobalt is higher and grain size of tungsten carbide is bigger. If the requirement for tungsten carbide button is high wear resistance, then cobalt content is lower and grain size of tungsten carbide is smaller. After the ingredients of tungsten carbide button is confirmed, the property and life expectancy of tungsten carbide button is determined by its construction. Tungsten carbide button construction includes ingredients of tungsten carbide, cobalt content, grain size of tungsten carbide, thickness of cobalt layer.



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Tungsten carbide button bit is also called cemented carbide button bit. It has many advantages like good wearing resistance, high abrasion resistance, high corrosion resistance, high tenacity, high temperature resistance, high hardness and high density. Tungsten carbide button bits applied in rock drills have different shapes: hemispherical button, conical button, parabolic button and wedge button.

With adequate power of hydraulic rock drill, hemispherical button is excellent in energy efficiency and rock fragmentation. Tungsten carbide hemispherical button is of high wear resistance. Conical button is of high drill velocity and easier to drill the rock. But the wear resistance is worse than hemispherical button. The property of parabolic button is between hemispherical button and conical button. Wedge button is used for super tough rocks. 



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Tungsten tube is one of the processing products of tungsten. Due to its high density, high purity, high temperature resistance, and other excellent performance, Tungsten tube is mainly applied in aviation, aerospace and other fields. In detail, Tungsten tube is mainly used in high temperature furnace as thermocouple protection tube, sapphire crystal furnace, high temperature sintering furnace and other support. Therefore, tungsten tube still has great prospects in China and even in the world.

Market efficiency of tungsten metal tube and other products is still very impressive, such as, high temperature thermocouple tube , the world's annual consumption is not low, so profits is still very substantial. However, China industry and company’s mainly exports is tungsten powder or blanks, tungsten metal products is limited to enter the international market, so profit is not great.

If China industry and company can make full use of manpower and resources, change tungsten metal and alloy products export structure, it can not only save a lot of foreign exchange but can be exported.


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Violet tungsten oxide color can be divided into purple, fuchsia, atropurpureus, blue black and blue. After the studies found that violet tungsten powder color relate to its oxygen index, particle tightness and needle major axis. With further studies found that if violet tungsten oxide is purple, then oxygen index slightly higher than normal as well as needle of violet tungsten oxide. If violet tungsten color is fuchsia then the needle is smaller than purple color violet tungsten oxide. However thess two color violet tungsten powder almost kept needle shape, only small part particle are not needle shape. If violet tungsten oxide is atropurpureus then the shape of needle shrink very serious, and began turn to tungsten dioxide. Blue black and purple-blue color violet tungsten oxide producing in the non-normal state with a microscope you can see the difference color between different particles. Using scanning electron microscopy can also see the difference of morphology. Where apart of blue color violet tungsten oxide particle is loose and fine needle shape. Apart of purple-blue color particle are loose and non-needle large particles.

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Tungsten tube is one of deep processing products of tungsten. Thanks to its high temperature resistance，high density, high purity, and other excellent performance, Tungsten tube is widely used in aviation, aerospace and other fields. In detail, Tungsten tube is mainly used in high temperature furnace as thermocouple protection tube, sapphire crystal furnace, high temperature sintering furnace and other support.Therefore, tungsten tube still has great prospects in China and even in the world.

China is the richest mineral resources country of tungsten in the world, but for a long time, has been in the state of export of tungsten raw materials and imports of tungsten products. While prices of raw materials tungsten and tungsten products vary greatly.

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In process of tungsten dioxide restore to tungsten powder, with the development of reduction, the oxygen atom of tungsten dioxide further reduce so the oxygen vacancies increase. After studies shown which will make tungsten powder particles denser than normal. However, the tungsten dioxide particle morphology and tungsten powder particle size changed little, which is almost no change. It just from a tungsten dioxide crystal grain turn into a tungsten powder grain, but in this process the tungsten powder has tendency to grow up. Therefore, the appearance of tungsten powder change occurs mainly before tungsten dioxide producing. Tungsten dioxide is not the main factor determining the tungsten powder particle size. So the key to producing ultra-fine tungsten powder is to control the reduction process conditions before tungsten dioxide restore to tungsten powder, such as low dew point of hydrogen, flow rate, amount of loading the boat.

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Violet tungsten oxide observed its morphology characterized by low magnification SEM found: violet tungsten oxide surface aggregates is not flat, there are a lot of small pores. On the other hand observed in high-powered SEM found, the aggregates mainly composed of needle-like or columnar grains with scattered distribution. These grains thickness are uneven and length, diameter rate larger than normal which is scattered bypass structure and this structure makes violet tungsten oxide aggregate has many voids inside, which is good for hydrogen get into particle and water volatize. And reduction process can happens at interior as well as surface of violet tungsten oxide then the reaction speed increased, and also can inhibit tungsten powder particles grow up.  The most important tungsten powder particle size is smaller and uniform.

Violet tungsten oxide is reduced to tungsten powder, its original acicular or columnar grains have fused into a short rod, or a chain formed by a plurality of single crystal particles which are more uniform and particle size between 0.1 ~ 1um. That is, the appearance of powder didn’t changes a lot during restoration process. It just deprived oxygen by hydrogen so that the particles microscopic volume shrinks. Tungsten powder grains are uniform and scattered distribution which is conducive to the next step of carbonization.

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Violet tungsten oxide is kind of short rod fine crystal and between these short rod fine crystals there have many voids, particle size distribution is relatively loose. Which are conducive to discharge water and help hydrogen into the crystal particles, therefore, not only the restore process can take place inside also can restore on the surface, violet tungsten oxide advantageous for the producing ultrafine tungsten powder. Besides the reduction process conditions during the reaction should able to better control, such as low dew point of hydrogen, flow rate, amount of loading the boat.

After studies showed with the development of reduction reaction, the oxygen atom reduce and  oxygen vacancies increase of violet tungsten oxide, tungsten dioxide particles becomes more dense than γ- tungsten oxide’s. This is bad for hydrogen gas get into interior particles and the water which producing by reaction particles are not easily discharged. During the restore process, the reaction only happens on violet tungsten oxide surface but hardly occurs at particle interior. According to tungsten oxide reduction - precipitation growth mechanism, since violet tungsten oxide reduced to tungsten dioxide will lead to the production of tungsten powder particles grow up, so to produce ultra-fine tungsten powder or nano tungsten powder, so in the reduction process is best not restore to tungsten dioxide.

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Currently, producing tungsten trioxide methods are many, such as hydrothermal method, solid method, liquid phase method, sol-gel method and microemulsion method. Microemulsion method is a two incompatible liquid reaction with surfactant to form a uniform emulsion, precipitated solid phase from the emulsion, so you can make the nucleation, growth, coalescence, agglomeration and other processes confined to a tiny spherical droplets inside, thereby forming spherical particles, to avoid further agglomeration between particles. Producing tungsten trioxide by microemulsion method the process is as follows:
1. Weigh 0.200gCTAB added 8ml cyclohexane and 12ml n-butanol with fully stir.
2. The mixed solution was divided into 2 parts of divide into solution A and solution B, solution A was added in 6ml1: 1 hydrochloric acid solution, phacoemulsification 15min.
3. B was added sodium tungstate solution 3ml, phacoemulsification 15min.
4. Under magnetic stirring, hydrochloric acid was added dropwise to the emulsion in the sodium tungstate solution, until the solution was no longer yellow far deeper.
5. Stop stirring, aging 16h, the supernatant liquid was removed, dried over by anhydrous ethanol and distilled water were washed several times, then centrifuged, and then into an oven at 100 ℃ drying to obtain a precursor.
6. The precursor was placed in a muffle furnace burning three hours, to give a yellow powder.



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Tungsten crucibles can applied in sapphire growing, serving as one of its core components, under normal circumstances, tungsten crucible size for this purpose will be relatively large, height is about: 300-500mm, outer diameter is about: 300-500mm. Sapphire growth furnace is for growing the LED chip.

Because of good high temperature resistance performance of tungsten crucible, so when it is in high temperature conditions, tungsten crucible is still able to maintain its stable performance, physical and chemical reactions do not occur with the single crystal, and the single crystal purity is guaranteed. Therefore, it makes tungsten crucible more popular than other materials for sapphire single crystal growth furnace.

Sapphire growth furnace aims to foster sapphire single crystal by Kyropoulos method. This method is: heating the raw material (alumina) of tungsten crucible to its melting point of 2050 degrees or more, and then gradually reduce the melting temperature, so it can crystallize into specific granules. The growth furnace is constructed in a closed mold with special insulation shell, cover and a heater.


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