The bonding strength of tungsten carbide cutting tools coating and tungsten carbide substrate is the key factor in tungsten carbide cutting tools life. Tungsten carbide cutting tools coating must be combined with suitable tungsten carbide substrate to achieve the desired performance.Due to the different thermal stress and thermal expansion between materials, the coating material is generally brittle crack more easily to the surface of the coating matrix expansion during cooling.

In order to prevent it and contribute to achieving high performance of tungsten carbide cutting tools, tungsten carbide substrate can be a gradient process. Because of its good toughness can absorb energy and thus crack can effectively prevent cracks extend to the inside of the alloy, improve the life of tungsten carbide cutting tools.


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Tungsten carbide cutting tools coating process flexibility is an important trend of tungsten carbide cutting tools development. From the 1960s to now, tungsten carbide cutting tools coating technology has been developed over 50 years, people have been committed to finding the best surface modification technology to improve tungsten carbide cutting tools life spans.

Since the single coating can not meet the growing complexity of modern machining, the diversified technology portfolio coating of carbide cutting tools have come into being. One of them PVD coating technology is complex, in addition to CVD and PVD processes combined are diverse coating process is an important direction. Currently abroad has grown to 10 in the base coat layer or more layers, each thinner thickness, quality of tungsten carbide cutting tools getting better. 50% -200% general multilayer coating tool life than a single coat high.
 

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here are many carbide coating preparation methods, including vapor deposition, thermal spraying,  chemical and heat treatment. Good quality coatings prepared by vapor deposition, has gradually become the dominant carbide coating preparation methods. Vapor deposition technology is divided into chemical vapor deposition and physical vapor deposition.

1. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD).Chemical vapor deposition are atomic deposition class, is a pioneer in the use of gaseous reactants to generate solid coating by way of a chemical reaction between atomic and molecular techniques. Based on this characteristic, CVD process mostly at a relatively high pressure and high deposition temperature environment. Because a higher pressure helps to improve the deposition rate of the coating of a higher deposition temperature can ensure the smooth progress of chemical reactions.

2. Physical vapor deposition (PVD).Physical vapor deposition is the use of a physical process (such as by evaporation or sputtering material when particle bombardment substance atoms on the surface and other phenomena) between the material atoms from the source material to the deposited coating controllable transfer process, the atoms in the molecule depositing a coating on the scale.

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The main reason to produce solid carbide tools grinding cracks parameters for the grinding process and lead to inappropriate contact local instantaneous grinding zone temperature high tensile stress caused by high values of the near-surface layer than the breaking strength of the material cause.

Detection of solid carbidetools grinding cracks and other surface defects can be used after a high sensitivity fluorescent penetrant inspection hydrophilic emulsion method, which is widely used in the field of quality and technical safeguards solid carbide tools.

By improving and optimizing the overall solid carbide tools grinding and grinding parameters can effectively prevent grinding and grinding burn crack generation.
 

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The main factors affecting carbide cutting tools surface state in the grinding process have two main factors: the applied force and the local temperature of carbide cutting tools.

Force effect exerted on the surface of cemented carbide cutting tools may cause unrecoverable plastic deformation, the changes in the structure and phase transition accompanied by increase of unit volume, resulting in the formation of compressive residual stresses, enhance the flexural strength, fatigue strength, impact toughness, hardness, wear resistance and service life, that occurred strengthen the process;

Local temperature will have an effect on the surface of carbide cutting tools in the surface layer deformation, structural changes and uneven thermoplastic phase and accompanied by a reduction unit volume, resulting in the formation of tensile residual stress, reduced bending strength, fatigue strength , toughness, hardness, wear resistance and service life, that occurred weakening process. Therefore, carbide cutting tools surface state are strengthened or weakened, the residual compressive stress-based, or residual tensile stress mainly depends on the surface of the grinding process, the role of the main force is still in its temperature based.
 

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Carbide tools ion implantation is a new surface processing technology of carbide tools. Carbide tools refers ion implantation machine will accelerate to a high-energy ion implantation of high-speed ion beam injected into the surface of a solid material, to obtain high hardness of hardened layer. In recent years, researchers have begun using ion implantation as a means of improving the performance of cemented carbide tools, and found that after the ion implantation of the wear resistance and service life of carbide tools have been improved, and greatly improved durability (50% to 4 times ).

Ion implantation with respect to the coating technology has unique advantages, it allows the chemical composition and microstructure of the material surface layer region is changed, a variety of strengthening effect ion bombardment of the material to produce the internal lattice defects, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the surface while overcoming the combined problems of coating and substrate. Carbide Tools ion implantation with N, C most representative present, researchers have developed dual ion implantation techniques.


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Carbide tools cryogenic treatment is a new carbide tools surface processing technology. Carbide tools cryogenic treatment refers to carbide tools whch is placed in a controlled environment below -130 ℃ incubated performed a process to increase or improve its performance.

Carbide tools cryogenic treatment not only can significantly improve the mechanical properties of materials and stability, and simple operation, low cost, non-polluting, has considerable economic and market outlook. Although cryogenic treatment to improve the wear resistance and tool life on the role has been widely recognized, but not yet in the carbide tools industry to promote the use, mainly due to the mechanism of cryogenic treatment process is still under study. Cryogenic treatment is very broad space for development, has been more and more attention of researchers.


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Ultra-fine grain carbide tools are made from ultra-fine grain carbide alloys, ultra-fine grain carbide alloys are high hardness, high strength and wear resistance of carbide alloys.

Ultra-fine grain carbides are suitable for high-speed steel cutting tools and wear due to vibration caused by insufficient case of wear or too low due to inappropriate use of traditional cutting carbide carbide traditional use. For some coated blade can not play its superiority cases, this material can show its unique effect. Ultra-fine grain carbide tools can not only process  ferrous metals, but also hardened steel, corrosion resistant stainless steel, high-temperature aerospace alloy, wood, glass fiber, etc., and can be made cutting blade and overall hard carbide cutting tools, precision machining efficiently.. Ultra-fine grain carbide tools can worn very sharp, smooth, can be used to manufacture a variety of precision tool and used CNC lathes.


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