Carbide tools spark plasma sintering (SPS) is a new sintering technology of carbide tools ,which directly between the particles pass through the heating pulse current sintering. Moment when the discharge plasma in the spark plasma sintering (SPS) of the sintering process, the electrode through the DC pulse current, so that the individual particles sinter evenly inside the body itself produces Joule heat and particle surface activation, the use of internal self-heating of the particles were sintering. This discharge direct heating, high thermal efficiency, the discharge point can be dispersed to achieve uniform heating, and therefore easy to prepare a homogeneous, dense, high-quality sintered body. Due to the fast heating rate, skip the surface diffusion process, effective control of grain size.


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Carbide tools microwave sintering is a new type of carbide tools sintering technology It is significantly different from conventional heating methods. By interaction with the microwave ,microwave sintering sintered material inside atoms, molecules or ions kinetic energy increases, so the sintered material decreases the activation energy, the diffusion coefficient is increased, enabling low temperature rapid sintering, i.e. fines already too late to grow by sintering, is an effective means to create fine-grained materials.

Microwave sintering mechanical properties significantly better than conventional sintering. Microwave sintering has several advantages: significant reduction in the sintering temperature up to 500 ℃; reduce energy consumption; shorter sintering time and increase density, grain refinement. But the microwave sintering process prone to thermal runaway effect, the sintered body is heated unevenly, thus affecting product performance. Another high-power microwaves for industrial production in the manufacturing of great difficulty, microwave sintering can not be used for large-scale production.


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Carbide cutting tools wear patterns mainly include the rake face wear, flank wear and frayed edges, due to the cutting process is more complex, several carbide cutting tools wear patterns may occur at the same time.

Ti6Al4V when cutting, carbide cutting tools flank wear is usually higher than the Deputy Lord flank wear more serious. The reason is that titanium is a difficult material in the cutting process, the carbide cutting tools rake face and chip main flank and machined surface intense friction occurs, resulting in a high contact pressure and temperature, in hard carbide cutting tools before the main flank and borders will have to wear. Meanwhile, the elastic modulus of titanium material is small, the machined surface when cutting big rebound, Vice flank and the workpiece machined surface of the actual contact area have a greater increase, leading to sub rear flank Carbide Tool usually wear than the main flank wear more serious.
 

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When using YG8, YT15 and YW2 three grades of carbide cutting tools for dry cutting Ti6Al4V, selection of carbide cutting tools is different when in low-speed cutting and high-speed cutting .
1. Three types of carbide cutting tools are adhesive wear in low-speed cutting.

2. When in high-speed cutting, YG8 carbide cutting tool still adhesive wear; YW2 carbide cutting tool has less wear orrurs.

3. Further research and development for high-speed cutting of titanium carbide coating, fine grain carbide cutting tools, the matrix should use carbide tools YW class.

From the economy, at low speeds may be preferred for cutting titanium carbide YG class, use high speed carbide cutting YW class more suitable.


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Carbide cutting tools wear mainly include abrasive wear, adhesive wear, abrasion and chemical diffusion wear those four categories, reasons of carbide cutting tools wear are as follows:

1.Abrasive wear. When cutting, the chips, the workpiece material is contained in some of carbides, oxides and hard particles BUEdebris that can scratch the surface of carbide cutting tools, this is the abrasive wear (also called hard particle abrasion).

2. Adhesive wear. Present on the surface of the particles of carbide cutting tools and chip or relative movement of the workpiece is taken away, the bonding tool wear occurs.

3. Diffusion wear. In cutting temperature, carbide cutting tools and workpiece surface, formed by a fresh surface chip always contact the tool and the workpiece in the chemical elements, the chip chemical elements are mutual diffusion occurs, the performance of the carbide cutting tool materials decline, accelerated tool wear.

4. Chemical wear. When the temperature conditions are met carbide tools to work with some of the surrounding medium chemical reaction occurs in the processing environment, if there is some kind of corrosive media, the tool will cause corrosion, the formation of the tool wear.

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Advantages of coated carbide cutting tools mainly in four areas:

1. Good heat resistance. Since the coating material has good heat resistance, coating hard tool with increasing temperature, the hardness decline no ordinary carbide tools large.

2. High hardness, good wear resistance. Compared to ordinary carbide inserts, carbide coating higher cutting speeds can be used for high-speed cutting and one thousand cuts. Even under the same cutting tool can also be greatly improved durability.

3. Good anti-adhesion properties, low coefficient of friction, higher tool life. Since the affinity and capacity TiN, TiAlN, Tie, AI2O3 and other coating materials and the workpiece difference, the higher the cutting temperature can effectively inhibit the occurrence of adhesive wear.

4. Good chemical stability. When cutting steels in high-speed, antioxidant capacity,chemical stability and anti-chemical wear property of AI2O3 coated carbide cutting tools get stronger.

In summary, advantages of coated carbide cutting tools are obvious.
 

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Boundary notch of the cemented carbide cutting tool can be expressed by boundary notch height and boundary notch width. The forming processes of boundary notch can be divided into three steps: micro-tipping appears firstly; then,mesh fractures expand; finally, boundary notch results.

Main factors that influence boundary notch of cemented carbide cutter are pieces material,cutter material and cutter geometry parameters.

Deburring machining process and adjusting cutting tool geometry parameters to reduecce angle and width of negative chamfer, to increase cutter corner that ensures thae quality of workpiece and cutting performances of cutting tool.


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Y1715:its density is 11.3 with bending strength up to 1760 and the relevant hardness is 92.0. In terms of performance it has high red hardness and wear resistance. It is suitable for medium finishing to finishing of alloy steel with high strength.

Y1712:its density is 11.8 with bending strength up to 1750 and the relevant hardness is 92.0. In terms of performance it has high wear resistance and excellent impact toughness. It is suitable for machining of steel with high strength, managanese steel ,silicon steel sheets and stainless steel.

Y1798:its density is 12.3 with bending strength up to 1910 and the relevant hardness is 91.5. In terms of performance it has high toughness and high resistance to thermal shock and plastic deformation.Milling of alloy steel ,tool alloy steel,manganese steel and stainless steel.

Y1790:its density is 12.4 with bending strength up to 1800 and the relevant hardness is 91. In terms of performance it has better ,toughness ,wear resistance ,high impact resistance ,thermal cracking resistance,and plastic deformation resistance for rough turning,milling and planing of steel ,esp. forgings and castings scales.


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YG6:its density is 14.9 with bending strength up to 2050 and the relevant hardness is 90.5. In terms of performance it is fine grain WC alloy ,which wear resistance is higher than YG6,strength in use.close to YG6.Machining of chilled alloy cast irons and refractory alloy steel or finishing of ordinary cast irons.

YG8:its density is 14.7 with bending strength up to 2520 and the relevant hardness is 90.0. In terms of performance it shows high strength in use ,impact and shock resistance higher than YG6,but wear resistance and cutting speed comparatively lower. Roughing of cast irons,non ferrous metals and their alloys as well as nonmetallic materiels at low cutting speed.

YG6X:its density is 14.9 with bending strength up to 1890 and the relevant hardness is 91.5. In terms of performance it is fine grain WC alloy ,wear resistance higher than YG6,strength in use.close to YG6.Machining of chilled alloy cast irons and refractory alloy steel or finishing of ordinary cast irons.
 

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YW1:its density is 13 with bending strength up to 1710 and the relevant hardness is 92.5. In terms of performance it has high red hardness,resistant to impact load. A good grade for general purposes. Machining of ordinary steel, cast irons and hard to machining materials such as refractory steel manageress steel,and stainless steel.

YW2A:its density is 12.9 with bending strength up to 1910 and the relevant hardness is 91.5. In terms of performance it has high red hardness and high strength in use,resisting high impact load.A good grade for general purposes.Machining and medium machining or cast irons and problem materials such as refractory steel,manganese steel,steel,stainless steel and advened alloy steel.

YW2:its density is 12.9 with bending strength up to 1880 and the relevant hardness is 91. In terms of performance its wear resistance second to YW1 yet strength comparatively higher and resistant to high impact load.Roughing and mediummachining of ordinary steel cast irons aswell as refractory steel,manganese steel.stainless steel and advanced alloy steel.

 
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