Drivers consistently report they can sense differences in how a car handles on the track if the weight on a given wheel varies only by a couple of pounds. Fine tuning a car to a given track is a very cumbersome and time consuming ordeal with conventional lead plate weights.

WHA weight blocks offer up to 50% more weight in a given volume, with the added advantages of direct attachment via threaded holes orthru-bolting and the freedom from deformation. The high density of WHAs permit weights to be placed in the lower half of NASCAR weight adjustment tubes,effectively lowering the overall center of gravity for improved handling.Tungsten product has a specialized line of racing weights for these applications.

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The insert has a cemented metal carbide core containing a majority of tungsten carbide and possibly other metal carbides bonded with an iron group metal, e.g. cobalt, nickel or iron providing a tough, deformation resistant material which can withstand the stresses of machining.

The core material has a thin layer of crater-resistant cemented carbide disposed on the rake face thereof, said crater-resistant layer containing tungsten carbide and substantial amounts of a carbide of a metal chosen from Groups IVb and Vb of the periodic table, the percentage of the Group IVb and Vb carbides is greater in the crater-resistant layer than in the core material. A thin coating of hard surface material coated on the composite substrate's rake face and flanks provides a coated, laminated structure which is resistant to cratering, flank wear and deformation even under high speed machining conditions.


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Pure titanium carbide tool has excellent crater resistance but only limited strength; however, the laminated composite substrate under the titanium carbide coating supports and supplements the titanium carbide coating extending the useful life of the insert even after the titanium carbide coating has been abraded away.

It is also thought that the TiC coating reduces machining temperatures because of its low frictional coefficient even though it is a very thin coating and provides protection from heat buildup in the laminated composite substrate during cutting operations. A further hard surface coating is aluminum oxide which when coated over the composite substrate produces an insert combining the toughness of the carbide with the wear resistance and low reactivity of aluminum oxide.


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The crater resistant layer disposed on the rake face or faces of carbide tools can be formed in various ways.

One method is compacting a mixture of powders having the desired composition of the green core and then placing a layer of a second mixture of powder having the desired proportions for the green crater-resistant layer on top of the green core and compacting both mixtures followed by sintering the resulting green compacted laminate using standard techniques to form a finished cemented carbide material.

 As an alternative, previously formed, green unsintered layers of carbide materials having the desired proportions for the various layers could be laminated and compacted together followed by sintering as above to form a laminated cemented metal carbide composite substrate.


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When the content of the binder phase in the cemented carbide tool is 5 to 7 mass %, the mean particle size of the hard phase is 0.6 μm to 1.0 μm, saturation magnetization is 9 to 12 μTm3/kg, the coercive force Hc is 15 to 25 kA/m, and the oxygen content is 0.045 mass % or less. Consequently, the resulting cemented carbide has high hardness and high toughness.



When the cemented carbide is used in a cutting tool, the resulting tool is excellent in wear resistance and fracture resistance. Because of low content of the binder phase, a work material made of a Ti alloy or a heat resistant alloy is less likely to be welded and thus it is possible to prevent chipping of the cutting edge due to welding and a become rough in surface roughness of the worked surface.


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Cutting tools currently in use and including carbide for cutting relatively hard metal stock combine a steel shank with a relatively small carbide cutting tip brazed to one end of the steel shank. This construction has exhibited several serious shortcomings. For example, the heat of brazing apparently changes the temper or grade of the carbide and may cause the carbide to crack. Further, brazing provides somewhat of a weak joint between the two materials, this permitting the carbide to vibrate, which may result in chipping. Also, manufacturing the cutting tool in two parts and then joining those two parts together in a brazing operation drives the cost of the device up and provides a greater chance of error in the finished product.

A further disadvantage of the two-piece carbide tip, steel shaft construction is the limited life of the cutting tool. This limited life may result in a variety of ways. First, the carbide tip can only be trimmed back approximately 1/2 inch and this inherently limits its cutting capabilities. Second, the brazing joint may fail and thereby enable the carbide insert to break away from the shaft. Third, the shaft portion supporting the insert may completely shear or seriously bend. All three of these conditions render the cutting tool inoperable and risk the danger of the steel shank tearing against the metal stock, thereby causing serious damage to the stock.


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The great performance of Tennis racket with tungsten alloy counterweight parts is reflected in high density, high tensile strength and hardness, good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, good mechanical properties, etc. High density is a prominent performance of tungsten alloy counterweight, the density of tungsten alloy is generally 16.5 ~ 18.6.0 g/cm ^ 3, which is more than twice that of steel density, at the same time in the increase of the weight of the volume to a minimum extent, that greatly improve the tungsten alloy counterweight design flexibility.

Environmental friendly performance is another important advantage of balancing tungsten alloy tennis racket.Tungsten alloy counterweight material has good corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, will not cause harm to environment and human nature.It has a strict requirements on sports equipment.

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The connecting rod to the light displacer comprises, and is preferably formed from, a high density material of at least about 15 grams such that the connecting rod is heavier than the displacer alone. Such a heavy connecting rod provides the required reciprocating mass to match the reciprocating mass of the compressor piston, and the wobbling of such a heavy mass does not result in a significant undesirable vibration. The connecting rod can be more than three times the weight of the displacer.

Heavy connecting rod is provided by forming the rod of a tungsten alloy which has a density of 17 grams per cubic centimeter. Tungsten is particularly desirable for use in the connecting rod because it has a density of greater than 15 grams per centimeter, is machinable and has the strength required for a driving element.

In a specific embodiment, the compressor piston is about 22 grams and the displacer is only about 4 grams. By using a heavy tungsten connecting rod which is 18 grams, the total weight of the displacer assembly can be made to match the weight of the compressor piston.

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In an integral Stirling cryogenic refrigerator the compressor piston is several times heavier than the displacer. In order to counterbalance both the displacer and compressor piston with a rotating counterweight, the displacer connecting rod is formed of a high density material. Specifically, the connecting rod is formed of a tungsten alloy and is several times heavier than the displacer.

A cryogenic refrigerator comprising a rotary drive shaft, a reciprocating compressor piston assembly including a compressor piston driven along a first axis by the drive shaft through a drive eccentric, a reciprocating displacer driven along a second axis, angled about 90 degrees from the first axis, by the drive shaft through said drive eccentric and a displacer connecting rod, and an eccentric counterweight mounted to the drive shaft with a center of gravity about 180 degrees about the drive shaft from the drive eccentric center, the displacer connecting rod having a pivotal connection to each of the displacer and the drive eccentric such that it has a wobbling motion as it drives the displacer, wherein the weight of the compressor piston is substantially greater than the weight of the displacer, the displacer connecting rod comprises high density material such that the weight of the connecting rod is greater than the weight of the displacer, the combined weight of the displacer and connecting rod is about the same as the weight of the compressor piston assembly, and the weight of the counterweight is such that it substantially balances the rotating drive eccentric and the reciprocating compressor piston assembly, displacer connecting rod and displacer in the first harmonic.

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For more than 50 years, makers of golf clubs have referred to clubs with a higher percentage of their overall weight concentrated in their heads as having greater so-called "swingweight". Swingweight is a measure of a club's moment of weight about an arbitrary axis, with the axis being located either 14 inches or 12 inches (Official Scale) from the butt end of the shaft.

To use tungsten alloy counterweights simultaneously as frictionally dissipative, vibration-damping devices (dash pots) in any of the tungsten alloy counterweight devices and systems cited above. Indeed, special care has been taken in all of the patents to affix the tungsten alloy counterweights immovably to the interior of shafts. In U.S. Pat. No. 4,461,479 to Mitchell, for example, counterweights are encased tightly in flexible sleeves that, in turn, are bound tightly within clubs' hollow shafts in an effort to insulate the tungsten alloy golf weight from mechanical stresses, such as vibrations of the shafts.

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