There are many quartz vein-type tungsten polymetallic ore deposits in northern Guangdong which can be divided into two types according to their wall rocks. One type of the ore deposits is hosted in the Cambrian sandstones and coarse-grained granite while the tungsten polymetallic mineralization is closely related to the fine-grained granite, which is represented by the Miantuwo tungsten deposit. The age of fine-grain granite is dated to be 146.95±0.84 Ma/153.82±0.96 Ma, using zircon U-Pb method, while the molybdenite Re-Os isochrone and biotite Ar-Ar isochrone are 150.5±1.4 Ma and 151.0±1.2 Ma respectively, and thus the Miantuwo deposit was formed in the Late Jurassic. The other type of the ore deposits is hosted in the Devonian limestones with the Heshangtian tungsten deposit as a representative. The after type of ore deposits is different from the one aforementioned. 39Ar/40Ar dating of the micas from the Heshantian deposit shows that the mineralization age is 161.1±1.1 Ma, i.e., the deposit was also formed in the Late Jurassic. That is the quartz vein tungsten ore deposits in northern Guangdong are closely related to the Late Jurassic granites. Indosinian granites and the Devonian limestones can be the country rocks of the ore veins in northern Guangdong, and therefore, attentions should be paid to above two types of country rocks in the future explorations.

 

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Tungsten copper points (Cu20W80)’ hardness with CeO₂ is small and varies significantly while with Ce’s is relatively large and vary little when additive amount increasing. The reason why it has different change trend described as bellow:

Tungsten copper points hardness with CeO₂ is small and varies significantly. The reason: As the results drawn from the density experiment shows that: In general, tungsten copper points’ density with CeO₂ (rare earth oxide) is low. This is the main reason why the hardness is low when the additive (CeO₂) amount accounts for 1% and 3% CeO_2. What makes Cu20W80’s hardness the minimum is that the existence of porous holes and agglomeration phenomenon when the additive amount of CeO₂ in the sample tissue is 3%. Thanks to a second phase strengthening, the hardness of W-Cu points improved when the amount of CeO₂ is accounting for 5% and 10%

Due to dispersion strengthening function, Cu20W80’ hardness with Ce is relatively large and vary little when additive amount increasing. But tungsten copper points will bring about lots of oxide inclusions, leading to hardness decrease when the additive is too much.



 

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The density of tungsten copper points -Cu20W80, will decline when you add rare earth (Ce)/rare earth oxides (CeO₂) to it. What’s worse, its density declines as the increase of additive amount. In theory, the density of Ce (6.77 g / cm³) and CeO₂ (7.10 g / cm³) lower than Cu20W80s’, which is 15.64g / cm³. So, the density of tungsten copper points’ density with Ce will be smaller when the additive amount of Ce or CeO₂ is larger.
The density of tungsten copper points decreases significantly if the amount of Ce is 1%; the density would not decrease substantially if Ce’s amount is from 1% to 3%; the actual density is relatively higher if the density is of 3 %( the optimum amount of Ce).
The density of Cu20W80 declining unevenly, and along with dramatic change trend. With the increase amount of CeO_2, its value reduces significantly. Nevertheless, the density value change relatively flat and upward slightly when its amount is from 5% to10 %. In a word, tungsten copper points with Ce is better, whose optimum addition amount is from 1% to3%.



 

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Weijia tungsten ore is located at Xiang Linpu Town, Hunan Province. It is in the Xiang Linpu porphyry groups near the Tong Shanling porphyry. The large skarn type deposit was detected using comprehensive exploration method during the recent exploration activities in China. Being buried deeply in 500mand covered by limestone and thick soil in the surface, it has hardly been indicated by traditional pathfinder elements. It is proved that hydrocarbons promoted the transport and enrichment of elements in the ore forming, so Weijia tungsten ore is taken as a case to study the effect of hydrocarbons to the concealed deposits in coverage area. Acidolysis hydrocarbon of 46rock samples in ZK801and heat release hydrocarbon of 3 soil profiles were analyzed. The results show that the contents of hydrocarbons decrease from porphyry, ore body to wall rock, and the rates of methane, olefins and heavy alkane are different in porphyry, ore body and wall rock. The standard curves shapes of ore are similar to those of the porphyry and wall rock. The soil heat release hydrocarbons show bimodal distribution and low value above the ore body. This study proves that the hydrocarbons are more useful to indicate the concealed mine than the traditional pathfinder elements.





 

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Material-extrusion three-dimensional (3D) printing has recently attracted much interest because of its process flexibility, rapid response to design alterations, and ability to create structures “on-the-go”. For this reason, 3D printing has possible applications in rapid creation of space-based devices, for example cube satellites (CubeSat). The polycarbonate–tungsten polymer composite, which is designed for x-ray radiation-shielding applications, had intentionally utilizes low loading levels to provide x-ray shielding while limiting effects on other properties of the material, for example weight, electromagnetic functionality and mechanical strength.

The fabrication process, from tungsten functionalism to filament extrusion and material characterization, is described, including printability, determination of x-ray attenuation, tensile strength, impact resistance, and gigahertz permittivity, and failure analysis. The proposed materials are uniquely advantageous when implemented in 3D printed structures, because even a small volume fraction of tungsten has been shown to substantially alter the properties of the resulting composite.

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Due to tungsten polymer has high density, excellent radiation attenuation properties, and environmental friendly, it is widely used to produce tungsten polymer radiation shielding. Producing tungsten polymer materials, these green training projectiles are exclusively designed for close-quarters combat and training ranges. Additionally, these projectiles are completely frangible, powdering upon impact, thus eliminating any ricochet risk to the users.

High-density metals such as tungsten are embedded into tungsten polymer, which is a polymeric matrix with regulated density and physical properties, as required by the projectile technology. These thermoplastics are produced in a highly regulated injection molding process resulting in projectiles of various calibers including 40 Cal, 9mm, 5.56mm and 40mm door breaching rounds. These rounds not only improve safety, but also eliminate any lead contamination concerns at firing ranges. The frangible projectiles of tungsten polymer also adhere to the most stringent tolerances for repeatable performance with the utmost reliability and optimized performance.

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Phosphotungstic acid hydrate is a colorless, off-white powdery solid or pale yellow fine crystal. Its physical properties are as follows: chemical formula: H3O4OPW12.XH2O, molecular weight: 2880.05, Solubility: soluble in alcohol, ether and water, and related systems registry number: CAS: 12501-23-4, EINECS: 235-087-6. Because H3O4OPW12.XH2O absorbs moisture easily, so it should be sealed storage in a cool, dry place. In addition, phosphotungstic acid hydrate has slight weathering, but also it has acidic and redox properties, so it is a versatile new catalyst.
Phosphotungstic acid hydrate usually  used as a catalyst, biochemical reagents and chromatography reagents, biological staining and a variety of alkaloids, a nitrogenous base, phenol, protein, peptone, amino acids, uric acid, urea, blood and carbohydrate reagents. H3O4OPW12.XH2O as a catalyst to get the attention of people mainly that it should have a high catalytic activity, good stability, can be used for homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions, and even can be used as a phase transfer catalyst. What’s more, it is pollution-free and green catalyst.

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Sodium tungstate dihydrate is a colorless orthorhombic plate crystal. Its physical properties are as follows: chemical formula: H4Na2O6W, molecular weight: 329.8477, melting point: 698 ℃, relative density: 3.25 Solubility: soluble in water, was slightly alkaline, slightly soluble in ammonia, insoluble in ethanol. Its chemical properties are as follows: H4Na2O6W stable in air, but heated to 100 ℃ loss crystal water into anhydrous substance, when contact with strong acid will decompose into water-insoluble acid, and in dry air will be weathered.
Sodium tungstate dihydrate is mainly used in manufacture metal tungsten, tungsten acid, tungstate, dyes, inks and catalysts.
Synthesis sodium tungstate dihydrate processes are as follows:
1. The tungsten ores by alkaline hydrolysis to crush the wolframite within 320 mesh, adding together with the 30% caustic soda to reactor to operate alkaline hydrolysis.
2. After alkaline hydrolysis, the mixture reacts with calcium chloride. Calcium tungstate and calcium tungstate react to obtain tungstic acid.
3. tungstic acid reaction with caustic soda to produce sodium tungstate and after evaporation and crystallization, centrifugal dewatering, drying to obtain sodium tungstate dihydrate.

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