Palladium is a silver-white transition metal, softer, with good ductility and plasticity, forging, rolling and drawing. Bulk metal palladium can absorb a large amount of hydrogen, the volume significantly expanded, brittle and even broken into pieces. The use of palladium-modified tungsten oxide in the structure will have more oxygen defects, help to improve its surface chemical activity.

Raman spectrum is a scattering spectrum. Raman spectroscopy is based on the Raman scattering effect discovered by Indian scientist Raman. The scattering spectra with different incident light frequencies are analyzed to obtain molecular vibration and rotation information and applied to the analysis of molecular structure.

To investigate the non-stoichiometric characteristics of tungsten oxide nanomaterial, XPS spectra can be used to determine valence information of each element in the obtained tungsten oxide nanomaterials and their surface compositions. The XPS spectrum clearly shows that the tungsten oxide nanopowders have both tungsten and oxygen elements and do not contain other impurity elements.

Because of ultra coarse tungsten based alloys have good strength and toughness etc, so more and more widely used in the field of petroleum drilling, mining tools, stamping die, hard material etc.. The production of ultra coarse tungsten based cemented carbide needs high quality raw material of ultra coarse tungsten carbide powder.

Tungsten powder is the main raw material for preparing cemented carbide and many industrial products. Under normal circumstances, tungsten powder can be classified into coarse grain, fine grain, submicron and nano size according to its particle size. Each particle size of tungsten carbide powder has its specific market application.

The photocatalyst is a low cost and high efficiency, the implementation of environmental management method is convenient, use light sunlight or other sources of air pollutants, the water and soil environment were non-toxic degradation and purification, quality and chemical properties will not change itself.

Coarse grained tungsten carbide has many advantages, such as good crystalline property, few structural defects, large subgrain size, high microhardness, small strain and plasticity. It can meet the needs of cemented carbide for mining, petroleum and heavy machinery industries. The key point of preparing high performance coarse grained cemented carbide is coarse-grained, homogeneous and well crystallized tungsten carbide powder.

Tungsten oxide film is a kind of functional material which has been widely studied. It has excellent shortwave transmittance, the band gap easily through doping regulated by ion implantation and ultraviolet photon irradiation, gas adsorption, the optical and electrical properties will produce significant changes in optical glass, flat panel display, photoelectric conversion, electrochromic, photochromic and has wide application prospect.

Because non-stoichiometric tungsten oxide has a certain reduction ability, precious metal particles can be directly deposited on the surface of tungsten oxide by utilizing the weak reducing ability of low-valent tungsten oxide and the reaction of reducing precious metal salt solution by in situ reduction.

Tungsten oxide quantum effect refers to the tungsten oxide particle size down to a certain value, the Fermi level near the electronic energy level from quasi-continuous to discrete energy levels or widen the gap phenomenon. When the energy level changes more than thermal energy, light energy and electromagnetic energy, the magnetic, optical, acoustic, thermal, electrical and superconducting properties of tungsten oxide particles are significantly different from those of conventional materials.