In recent years, the emission of sulfur compounds has seriously affected human health, social and economic development, which has stimulated scientists to explore more effective catalysts to reduce sulfur compounds in fuels. Polyoxometalates are called "green" industrial catalysts. They include tungsten heteropoly acids, such as phosphotungstic acid and silicotungstic acid, which are widely used in industry.

Micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) is a kind of high-tech device whose size is several millimeters or even smaller. It is a kind of high-tech electromechanical device, which combines photolithography, etching, thin film, LIGA, silicon micro-processing, non-silicon micro-processing and precision machining technology. It is an independent intelligent system.

In recent years, due to the rapid development of automotive industry, the demand for fuel oil is increasing all over the world. The exhaust gas from sulfide combustion in fuel has brought serious environmental problems, so it is particularly important to limit the sulfur content of fuel. Oxygen desulfurization technology has high desulfurization efficiency and mild reaction conditions. Under ambient temperature and pressure conditions, low operating cost and simple process have attracted much attention.

In recent years, tungsten disulfide, a transition metal sulfide, has become a very popular material because of its special layered structure. WS₂ materials have good optical, electrical, lubricating and catalytic properties, and are widely used in fuel cells, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, sensors, lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, thermoelectric sensors, lubricants and memory.

Tungsten has excellent physical properties, such as high melting point, high density, high hardness, excellent high temperature strength and high temperature plasticity. Tungsten and its alloys are widely used in equipment manufacturing industry, iron and steel industry, electric power, information industry, petrochemical industry, aviation and aerospace industry, military industry and other fields. The application of new technology and materials of great importance in national defense occupy an important position in our national economy.

Tungsten aluminium alloy is a new type of alloy material. It consists of tungsten and aluminium. It has high temperature resistance of tungsten and light weight and oxidation resistance of aluminium. It is a special lightweight alloy material with high temperature resistance, high hardness, high wear resistance and high strength, and can be used as structural material of aerospace engine.

Nitrogen oxide pollution is becoming more and more serious. Coal-fired power plants are the largest source of air pollution in China. The state stipulates that the pollutant flue gas needs denitrification to meet the emission standards. SCR is the mainstream denitrification technology at home and abroad, accounting for more than 90% of the flue gas market, and is the most mature technology of flue gas denitrification.

Nitrogen oxides (NO, mainly NO and NO₂) are important atmospheric pollutants, which can directly harm human health, especially the respiratory system, and can cause acid rain, photochemical smog and haze and other important environmental problems. NH₃ selective catalytic reduction is a technology widely used in fixed source flue gas denitrification represented by coal-fired power plants and mobile source NOx emission control represented by diesel vehicles.

Tungsten disulfide (WS₂) is considered to be a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries. It is not only cheap and safe, but also has a unique two-dimensional layered structure. The weak van der Waals force links the layers, which is conducive to the rapid diffusion of lithium ions in active materials.

Tungsten trioxide, as a catalytic material for hydrogen production from water decomposition, has the advantages of photoelectric double response effect, stability, low light-on voltage, high hydrogen production efficiency, and is also a good electrochromic material.