Preparing Tungsten Trioxide Contained Denitration Catalyst Active Mother Liquor

power plant denitration systemCurrently, dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification in the flue gas purification process are carried out separately, such as near zero emission technology route in thermal power plant is generally SCR denitration went on with electrostatic dust removal, which is called wet electrostatic precipitator. Nowadays, the most widely used SCR denitration catalysts are almost taking titanium dioxide, zeolites, activated carbon or alumina ceramic honeycomb as the carrier, and tungsten trioxide and vanadium pentoxide as the main active ingredients. SCR denitration catalyst is easy to poisoned to fail in activity. Therefore, how to extend the catalyst life, improve the efficiency of denitration equipment, reduce the overall investment in environmental protection is becoming an important topic. The method to produce denitration catalyst active mother liquor with titania-silica/tungsten trioxide was pointed out, the mother liquor can be applied in a ceramic tube filter to achieve the goal of integration denitrification and dust removal.
 
Preparation steps are as follows:
1.Dissolving ammonium metatungstate and ammonium metavanadate respectively in oxalic acid solution;
2.Adding the active titanium oxide, silicon powder into mixed solution which is obtained in step 1 with stirring to form a mixed solution;
3.Drying and calcining the mixed solution to generate titania-silica/tungsten trioxide powder; wherein the drying condition is at the temperature 100~130°C for 3~6 hours; calcination condition is at the temperature of 500~550°C for 4~6 hours;
4.Joining the mixed powder into oxalic acid solution containing ammonium metavanadate, and stirring uniform to form a mixed slurry;
5.Putting binder into the mixed slurry and stirring for 3~5 hours to form the denitration catalyst active mother liquor with titania-silica/tungsten trioxide.

 

Tungsten Trioxide Controls SCR Denitration Catalyst Deactivation

Boiler, furnace, etc., and other means which are using coal and oil and other fossil fuels causing a great burden to the environment. Waste gas treatment is an extremely important issue, particularly the combustion exhaust gas of coal and oil , which are universally used due to the cheap price. There is higher nitride content in coal and oil, but relatively low sulfur content. Under such circumstances, nitrogen oxide emissions has become a serious problem worldwide.
 
The most effective measures to control nitrogen oxide currently is SCR denitration technology, the usually practice is adding ammonia to the boiler flue gas, and SCR denitration catalyst will turn NOx into non-toxic nitrogen and water under the temperature of 300 ℃ to 400 ℃. The main active ingredient is vanadium pentoxide, also there are some other metal oxides which play their own role.
 
In general, the coal containing 2%~20% iron compounds, they will stay in the coal particles during combustion of coal, which will resulting in SCR denitration catalyst poisoning, and decreasing the catalytic activity. The introduction of tungsten trioxide plays the role of increasing the SCR denitration catalyst activity. And it is worth mentioning that, the smaller particle size of the tungsten trioxide, the stronger activity the catalyst has, which requires the less amount of tungsten trioxide, the preferably particle is 5μm or bellow. when the average particle diameter is more than 5μm, the needed amount of tungsten trioxide will be a lot, and the excess powder may stick to the heating surface, thus cause the decreasing of heat capacity and causing economic loss or equipment failure.

 

Tungsten Carbide Wear Plate — Wear Form(2/2)

Another failure form of tungsten carbide wear plate is solder peeling bore wear. Under the impact of concrete, the surface of the ring alloy plate glasses has cracks, which is due to poor wear resistance of its internal bore, can not fully resist the impact of concrete and wear. Flowing concrete will has relative movement with internal bore of tungsten carbide wear plate, which makes the solid surface and the material properties of the surrounding surface has changed, easily deformed due to uneven force. Therefore, enhanced tungsten carbide wear plate bore is critical and it has enhanced the protection of surface alloy ring and reduces the deformation effect. In order to improve the service life of tungsten carbide wear plate, we can improve the wear resistance of internal bore of wear plate from material and structure.

We have two choices from the material that welding electrode wear and use tungsten carbide directly. By experimental comparison can be drawn with the following electrode wear carbide abrasive wear table:

tungsten carbide wear plate


















From the graph above we can clearly see that the wear resistance of tungsten carbide is 5 times better than the welding electrode so that tungsten carbide as the material for the internal bore is a best choice. For the bore structure of wear plate, in order to avoid high temperatures generated inlaid alloy caused defects, the researchers used a related set of inlaid alloy structure, effectively extends the life of tungsten carbide wear plate.

Waste SCR Denitration Catalyst Recycles Tungsten Trioxide - Secondary Alkaline Leaching Method

thermal power plant denitration systemWith SCR denitration power being constantly put into the plant large-scale construction projects,  at the same time, the waste catalysts are increasing dramatically; on the other hand, the continuous development of science, high-tech demand for tungsten will be rising. Tungsten is a rare metal, the more we use, the less rest. For fully using the limited tungsten ore, recycling tungsten from waste SCR denitration catalyst has became urgent. There are many reachers both at home and abroad committed to study on this subject, and someone has proposed the secondary alkaline leaching method to recover tungsten trioxide, ammonium metavanadate, molybdenum and other precious metal oxides from waste SCR denitration catalysts. Steps are as following:
 
1. Crushing the waste catalyst into 80 mesh or more;
2. Removing impurities: soaking the powder with excessive water to make arsenic, Hg, alkali metal salts and organic matters dissolved in water, and then carrying out filtration, the wastewater can be recycle after removed impurities through activated carbon;
3. Leaching: adding excessive Na0H solution (concentration of 20~30%) into the powder,  and heating to 80 °C, soaking for 1~2 hours to leach out most tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium;
4. Recovering vanadium: Adjusting pH value to 1.7-1.8 with NH4Cl, and boiling for 1~2 hours to make vanadium precipitated, thus to recycle pure ammonium metavanadate;
5. Recovering molybdenum and tungsten : Tungsten and molybdenum respectively exist in the form of ammonium tungstate, ammonium molybdate; before adding calcium chloride solution, we supposed to adjust pH value to 4.5~5.0 by hydrochloric acid, then get the calcium tungstate, calcium molybdate, then dissolved by hydrochloric acid to obtain tungstic and molybdic acid;
6. Generating ammonium paratungstate by traditional methods, then calcined to recover tungsten trioxide.

 

Tungsten Carbide Wear Plate — Wear Form(1/2)

Generally, the medium of tungsten carbide wear plate is concrete, which is composed of cement, water, fine coarse aggregate and other additives and the hardness index converted to a Rockwell hardness of between about HRC40-50. In the process, the main wear forms can be divided into two types, one is in the process of cutting ring reversal, wear plate and floating cutting ring contacts and has grain wear and erosion; the other is in the process of inhaling or pumping, the internal hole of wear plate has low stress wear and erosion.

After concrete pump working for some time, there is a gap between tungsten carbide wear plate and cutting ring. Theoretically, grinding compounds friction and grinding compounds wear of the sliding contact surfaces are generally the form of typical wear. Both wear plate and cutting ring are tungsten carbide and form a pair of friction, the floating cutting ring swings back and forth on tungsten carbide wear plate quickly. Both of them form grain wear by surface contact constantly.

In addition, there are still ore, quartz sand and some other hard particles, and the concrete also belongs to corrosive medium, which will further exacerbate the grinding compounds wear of tungsten carbide wear plate. At present, with the increasing height of the building, pumping height and pressure is also rising, which for carbide glasses plate and cutting ring put forward higher requirements. As time goes by, it will gradually appear larger gaps or partial abrasion between the cutting ring and the wear plate, and leading to failure of the wear plate finally.

 

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