Cordierite Tungsten Trioxide Denitration Catalyst

cordieriteThe development of the catalyst is the core technology in the flue gas denitration systems. It is a good choice to take cordierite as a carrier for fully uses the active ingredient inside the catalyst. Cordierite honeycomb ceramic is widely used in oil and chemical industry as the economic carrier because of its excellent properties, such as: thermal shock resistance, low expansion, wear resistance, well adsorption and high mechanical strength.
 
The activity of cordierite tungsten trioxide denitration catalyst is mainly influenced by tungsten trioxide loaded and co-solvents. Some scholars believe that the tungsten oxide can inhibit the surface area lost which is caused by vanadium oxide, keeping a certain specific surface area, promoting catalyst activity. Experiments have shown that, tungsten trioxide can significantly improve the denitration catalyst activity.
 
As the SCR denitration reaction is carried out on the catalyst surface, the surface properties determine the denitration activity to a large extent. However, when adding the co-solvent, catalyst’s surface shows over dispersed, particularly the form of a monomer present in a majority; case without adding a co-solvent, the active component is easy to form a polymerization. According to reports, the polymerization of vanadium pentoxide easy to combine with water and form more acid sites, thus to improve the catalyst’s activity; but with the co-solvent added, highly fragmented of active ingredient is disadvantage to form acid sites, further leading to decrease the tungsten trioxide denitration catalyst activity.

 

Tungsten Trioxide SCR Flue Gas Denitration Catalyst Affecting Factors

Catalyst is the core technology of SCR system, which directly affects the denitration efficiency.  The catalyst activity will exhibit different properties under different conditions, we display the various factors which affect tungsten trioxide SCR flue gas denitration catalyst, including: tungsten trioxide content, airspeed, oxygen concentration and so on.
1. Content of tungsten trioxide
Experimental results show that the increasing of tungsten trioxide brings the catalyst window broaden, and the catalyst has best activity at the content of 8%, the denitration rate reaches to 95% or more at the temperature range of 250~400° C; when further increasing the content of tungsten oxide, the catalyst activity tends to decline.
2.Airspeed
Experimental results show that with the airspeed increasing, NOx removal rates decreased at different temperature, that is to say increasing the airspeed will reduce the denitration activity.
3. Oxygen concentration
With the increasing content of oxygen, the denitration rate soared, and when it reaches to 3% (the extreme value), the denitration rate turns to balance as the oxygen content continues to increase. This suggests that control the oxygen content in flue gas at 3%, the denitration can get the best results.
4.NOx initial volume fraction
With the increasing of the NOx volume fraction, the reaction rate rises easing, even reaches to saturation. This is because the reaction concentration gradient increases when the gas flowing through the catalyst surface, thus to increase the reaction rate and improve the denitration efficiency.
5.Ratio of ammonia and nitrogen 
The ratio of ammonia and nitrogen refers to ammonia/NOx, it is an important factor in SCR reaction which directly determines the denitration activity. The reducing agent is insufficient when the ratio is too low and causing denitration efficiency decreased; however when it comes too high, it will bring bad influences like ammonia escape, air pollution, catalyst poisoned and equipment corroded by the time denitration efficiency increased.

 

Mesoporous Foam Structure WO3 SCR Denitration Catalyst

Catalyst with high activity and stability is the core technology of SCR flue gas denitration. SCR catalyst can be divided into precious metal, metal oxide and zeolite catalysts according to components. The widely used presently is metal oxide catalysts, especially the V2O5/TiO2, V2O5-WO3/TiO2 vanadium-based catalyst have the highest activity. 

mesoporous foam structure ceramic
 
Mesoporous foam material has a large surface area, which can increase the loading amount of active ingredients and Additives; at the same time, mechanical stability will be improved because of the large pore foam which is beneficial for gas adsorption and desorption. Tils paper provide situ synthesis method to produce mesoporous foam structure WOSCR denitration catalyst with low cost, and the products has a strong anti-sintering capacity, high dispersion of the active ingredient, thus to improve the denitration activity.
 
Steps:
1.Take a certain amount of polyethylene glycol - polypropylene glycol - triblock compound polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight 5800), and dissolve it in 0.5-3mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, then stir for 2~4 hours;
2.Add the amount of trimethylbenzene into solution obtained in step 1 with stirring;
3.Add a certain amount of TEOS solution and aluminum chloride into solution generated in step 2, and then add 0.05~3mol/L of sodium tungstate solution, stirring for 30 minutes, then add ammonium metavanadate of oxalic acid solution;
4.The solution obtained in step 3 stirred for more than 4 hours by a magnetic stirrer, and then placed in hot water with 80~100° C for 48 hours, cooled to room temperature, separated, the resulting precipitate is washed and dried;
5.Calcining the precipitate at 500-800°C for 5-8 hours to generate the final V2O5-WO3-Al2O3-SWmesoporous foam structure catalysts.

 

Surface Sedimentary Honeycomb WO3 Flue Gas Denitration Catalyst

With the environmental awareness increasing, the denitration standard for industrial boiler combustion flue gas is gradually becoming strictly up. Therefore, the flue gas denitration catalyst is supposed to be more efficient, high performance and anti-poisoning etc.. Of course, if the cost can controlled by the same time, it is even more Icing on the cake.This article provides a low-cost flue gas denitration tungsten trioxide SCR catalyst preparing method.
 
Steps:
The preparation of V2O5-WO3-TiO2 transition vector composite catalyst
(1)Prepare Ti source precursor solution with concentration of 0.1~5mol/L, and make sure the surface active agent contained is 1~5wt%;
(2)Add porous LOI vector into the Ti source precursor solution and stir at 50~150° C for more than 1 hour to ensure Ti source precursor diffusion and nucleation in the inner of porous carrier;
(3)Prepare the precursor of tungsten and vanadium, then added into the solution obtained in step 2 for hydrolysis reaction, keep for 1~10 hours at 90~150°C to make sure the loading amount vanadium pentoxide be 1~5% of the TiA, tungsten trioxide be 1~10% of the TiA;
(4) carrying out solid-liquid separation, the resulting precipitate is calcined in an inert atmosphere to obtain a composite catalyst V2O5-WO3-TiO2 transition vector after dried;
2.The preparation of surface sedimentary honeycomb tungsten trioxide flue gas denitration catalyst
Dry mixing the catalyst composite obtained in Step 1 with molding aid, low-cost medium, adding water, kneading, extruding to preparing the surface sedimentary honeycomb tungsten trioxide flue gas denitration catalyst.

 

W-Cu Thermal, Electrical Conductivity Comparison of Different Process (2/2)

While for tungsten copper (W-Cu) two phases heat sink material, it has lower coefficient of thermal expansion, which thermal expansion behavior is much more complex than a single-phase material. The experiment shows that t lower temperatures, tungsten-copper composite material showed a negative thermal expansion, but only when the temperature exceeds a certain value showed positive expansion. Tungsten copper sample coefficient of thermal expansion of injection molding and compression molding process under more stable than copper infiltration sample, the magnitude of change is smaller.

This is due to the phase change, as well as the internal organization of the reasons magnetic stretch, thermal expansion of the material will show some special law. By increasing the degree of constraint W phase at elevated temperatures in the expansion phase of Cu, thereby reducing the thermal expansion coefficient of tungsten copper composite material. In addition, since the difference of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the materials, tungsten copper composite material will produce complex stress inside, whose distribution will restrain the thermal expansion behavior.

As for the electrical conductivity, it was detected by eddy current method. When an alternating current is cut coil (also called probes) near the surface of a conductive material, since the coil alternating magnetic field, it has an effect on the material surface and near surface induced swirling current, which called the vortex. Materials and eddy currents generate their own magnetic field coil reacts, which is related to the size of the surface conductivity near the surface. Non-ferromagnetic conductive material can be directly detected by eddy current sensor. After testing found that the sample injection molded tungsten copper has the highest conductivity, reaches 37.43%IACS, which is higher than molding sample (29.85%IACS) and infiltrated sample (33.18%IACS).

 

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