Yttrium tungsten electrode, a typical rare earth tungsten electrode, is a high-performance electrode material created by modifying a high-purity tungsten base with an appropriate amount of yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃). Its English name is Yttrium Tungsten Electrode. The commonly used WY20 grade in the industry is identified by a blue color-coded tip for quick recognition among various electrode products. It comes in perse specifications, with diameters ranging from 0.5mm to 12.0mm to suit different power welding equipment, and standard lengths typically set at 150mm or 175mm to meet various welding operation needs.

Tungsten Putty, an emerging tungsten-based composite, is crafted through a special process that deeply bonds high-purity tungsten powder with a high-molecular polymer, distinguishing it within the tungsten product family. Its morphology differs significantly from traditional tungsten products—it is neither the loose, powdery form of tungsten oxide nor the dense metallic texture of high-density tungsten alloys, instead presenting a paste-like appearance similar to solid grease with a distinctive oily sheen.

Barium tungsten electrodes (usually referring to barium-containing tungsten-based reserve cathodes) play a vital role in pulsed lasers, especially gas discharge-excited pulsed lasers, and are mainly used as high-performance cathodes. Its application core lies in providing an efficient, stable and long-life electron emission source to support the high current and high repetition frequency pulse discharge required by the laser.

Low-temperature plasma refers to plasma generated at relatively low temperatures (usually room temperature to several hundred degrees Celsius). It has attracted much attention due to its unique advantages in materials science, biomedicine, environmental science and aerospace technology.

The application of barium tungsten electrode in high-frequency plasma benefits from its unique material properties: tungsten provides stability and heat resistance, and barium reduces the work function to improve the electron emission ability. This electrode is an efficient electron emission source in high-frequency plasma systems, which can help generate and maintain stable plasma and is widely used in material processing, surface treatment and plasma chemistry.

The realization of the machining accuracy of barium tungsten electrodes requires comprehensive control of multiple influencing factors such as material properties, machining parameters, environmental conditions, operating skills and quality inspection.

The thermal cycle performance of barium tungsten electrodes refers to their ability to maintain structural integrity and performance stability during repeated heating and cooling. The main influencing factors are as follows:

Barium tungsten electrode (usually refers to tungsten-based cathode impregnated with barium salt) is widely used in high-power microwave tubes, high-pressure gas discharge lamps, plasma sources and other equipment that require high temperature and high pressure environment due to its excellent electron emission ability and certain high temperature resistance. Its high temperature and high pressure adaptability is subject to the interaction of multiple complex influencing factors, which can be mainly summarized as follows:

Surface contamination control of barium tungsten electrode requires comprehensive management from multiple dimensions such as material design, process optimization, environmental management, operating specifications, and use conditions. By accurately controlling the barium tungsten ratio, optimizing the preparation process, maintaining a high vacuum/inert environment, strictly following operating specifications, and reasonably selecting electrical parameters, the electrode's anti-pollution ability and service life can be significantly improved.

Barium tungsten electrode is an important cathode material, widely used in vacuum electronic devices such as microwave tubes, X-ray tubes, etc. Its preparation cost factors include raw materials, energy, equipment, labor, production efficiency and scrap rate.