TiN coatings were deposited onto WC-Co substrate by a hybrid coating system, where an arc ion plating (AIP) method was combined with a magnetron sputtering technique. The schematic diagram of the apparatus was depicted in previous work . The WC-Co substrates with WC particle size of 0.7 μm and Co content of 10 wt. % were machined into disc types of 25 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness. The substrates were thoroughly cleaned in an ultrasonic bath cleaner using acetone and alcohol for 20 min. Prior to deposition, the substrates were cleaned again by ion bombardment using a bias voltage of − 800 V under Ar atmosphere for 10 min. Thin Co interlayer  with various thicknesses were pre-deposited on the substrate by a d.c. magnetron sputtering technique using high purity (99.99%) Co targets. The interlayer thickness was controlled by sputtering time considering our back-data of thickness vs. sputtering time, where the thickness was measured with a stylus (α -STEP) and SEM. Right after pre-deposition of the interlayer, The TiN was coated with thickness o f ∼ 2.5 μm using an AIP technique. The typical deposition conditions are summarized in Table 1. The post annealing of samples was carried out at temperature range from 200 °C to 600 °C for 2 h in a vacuum chamber. The purity of used Ar and N2 gases was 99.999%.

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Diddle for Middle tungsten dart rule is a difficult game similar to x01. It is intended for two players of intermediate to advanced ability.

The Object: To be the first to score exactly 501 beginning and ending with a double.

The Scoring: Playing order is determined by a throw of one dart each at bulls-eye, closest to the bulls-eye goes first. The names are written in order at the top of the board with the number 501 in between. A vertical line divides the board into columns for each player.

The Play: Each player must "double-in" before any score may count for the game. This means you must hit any double around the board and only the double and any tungsten darts thrown after the double count toward your score.

After the initial double is hit, the only areas the count for scoring are inside (but not including) the thin inner "triples" ring. Players aim at the bulls-eye and double-bulls-eye to try and score 25 or 50 points respectively with each dart. Any tungsten darts that land in the small inner wedge between the bulls-eye and the triples ring counts as the number hit. The score of the three tungsten darts is totaled and subtracted from the player current score.

When the player get to 50 or below, the player must throw a double to end exactly on zero. For example, if the player has 38 points left, the player must throw a double-19 to win the game. If the player scores more than the number of points left it is called a "bust" and all tungsten darts thrown that round do not count; that is the score remains the same.

Strategy: Try to always leave yourself on an even number so you can get your double-out easily. If you have an odd number you will have to throw an extra tungsten dart to get even before trying your double.

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