Violet tungsten oxide usually has not needle-shaped particles appear. Its status, there are two kind of non needle-shape state: one is the small particles, another is the large particles. Producing violet tungsten oxide under normal production process which through 400 mesh screen, taking oversize product +400 meshes and sieve-through material -400 meshes. After studies found that in + 400 meshes of violet tungsten oxide there haven’t non-needle particles. On the other hand in -400 meshes the particles are almost non-needle particle. Using microscopic observed found large needle particles is yellow and the surface smooth, so it may be is tungsten trioxide. But using SEM examination found no non-needle small particles. So that large and small non-needle particles are difficult to simultaneously exist in the same compound.

Uniform APT production violet tungsten oxide is purple or fuchsia. There are individual small particles of non-needle particles. And uneven APT producing violet tungsten oxide is black-blue with more non-pin small particles. After using SEM detected, small particles non-needle appear in uneven thickness particles, compared to needle-shaped particles only low aerobic elements, without affecting the other impurity elements. So if want producing high quality violet tungsten oxide in addition to control of process conditions but also need more even APT and tungsten acid.

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Tungsten carbide is the most common material for rock drilling due to its superior combination of toughness and hardness. To elucidate the relationship between the known wear behavior against different rock types and the corresponding sliding friction performance, a tungsten carbide rock drill button friction test series has been performed. A tungsten carbide rock drill button with 94-wt.% WC and 6-wt.% Co was sliding against polished granite, magnetite, hematite, quartzite, mica schist, leptite and sandstone in a pin-on-disc tribometer. The test was performed in 25 °C and 350 °C air and also in 25 °C water. The load was chosen to 20 N (which is considerably lower than required for crushing the rock) and the sliding velocity was 0.26 m/s.

At 25 °C, the tungsten carbide exhibited the highest stable dry friction against mica schist, and the lowest against leptite. At 350 °C, leptite gave the highest friction and hematite the lowest. In water, granite showed the highest friction and quartzite the lowest.

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During the pressing process, female mould is under high pressure and friction, thus the material required for the pressing mould should be high hardness and wear resistance. So the YG8 tungsten carbide is applied which the hardness is above 89HRA. In order to cut the producing cost, the female mould coat is made of steel.

Tungsten carbide button automatic pressing mould is made through the following step:
1.Select the proper size of YG8 tungsten carbide and drill it with a round hole then put the core rod in it and polishing the outer surface.

2.Turn it to the required size and then quenching and tempering

3.Grind the inner hole of steel jacket and heat it to a certain temperature, then coat it on the tungsten carbide mould very fast.

4.Exact-grinding the surface of steel coat. Take off the core rod. Grind mould chamber to the designed size.


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Tungsten carbide button quality control can be devided into inner quality control and external quality control. Inner quality control includes ingredient and construction. External quality control includes size and surface roughness.

Tungsten carbide button ingredient and construction are being designed by application requirement. The main ingredients are tungsten and cobalt. Its property is adjusted by the content of cobalt and grain size of tungsten carbide. If the requirement for tungsten carbide button is high toughness and hardness, then the content of cobalt is higher and grain size of tungsten carbide is bigger. If the requirement for tungsten carbide button is high wear resistance, then cobalt content is lower and grain size of tungsten carbide is smaller. After the ingredients of tungsten carbide button is confirmed, the property and life expectancy of tungsten carbide button is determined by its construction. Tungsten carbide button construction includes ingredients of tungsten carbide, cobalt content, grain size of tungsten carbide, thickness of cobalt layer.



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Tungsten carbide button bit is also called cemented carbide button bit. It has many advantages like good wearing resistance, high abrasion resistance, high corrosion resistance, high tenacity, high temperature resistance, high hardness and high density. Tungsten carbide button bits applied in rock drills have different shapes: hemispherical button, conical button, parabolic button and wedge button.

With adequate power of hydraulic rock drill, hemispherical button is excellent in energy efficiency and rock fragmentation. Tungsten carbide hemispherical button is of high wear resistance. Conical button is of high drill velocity and easier to drill the rock. But the wear resistance is worse than hemispherical button. The property of parabolic button is between hemispherical button and conical button. Wedge button is used for super tough rocks. 



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Tungsten tube is one of the processing products of tungsten. Due to its high density, high purity, high temperature resistance, and other excellent performance, Tungsten tube is mainly applied in aviation, aerospace and other fields. In detail, Tungsten tube is mainly used in high temperature furnace as thermocouple protection tube, sapphire crystal furnace, high temperature sintering furnace and other support. Therefore, tungsten tube still has great prospects in China and even in the world.

Market efficiency of tungsten metal tube and other products is still very impressive, such as, high temperature thermocouple tube , the world's annual consumption is not low, so profits is still very substantial. However, China industry and company’s mainly exports is tungsten powder or blanks, tungsten metal products is limited to enter the international market, so profit is not great.

If China industry and company can make full use of manpower and resources, change tungsten metal and alloy products export structure, it can not only save a lot of foreign exchange but can be exported.


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Violet tungsten oxide color can be divided into purple, fuchsia, atropurpureus, blue black and blue. After the studies found that violet tungsten powder color relate to its oxygen index, particle tightness and needle major axis. With further studies found that if violet tungsten oxide is purple, then oxygen index slightly higher than normal as well as needle of violet tungsten oxide. If violet tungsten color is fuchsia then the needle is smaller than purple color violet tungsten oxide. However thess two color violet tungsten powder almost kept needle shape, only small part particle are not needle shape. If violet tungsten oxide is atropurpureus then the shape of needle shrink very serious, and began turn to tungsten dioxide. Blue black and purple-blue color violet tungsten oxide producing in the non-normal state with a microscope you can see the difference color between different particles. Using scanning electron microscopy can also see the difference of morphology. Where apart of blue color violet tungsten oxide particle is loose and fine needle shape. Apart of purple-blue color particle are loose and non-needle large particles.

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Tungsten tube is one of deep processing products of tungsten. Thanks to its high temperature resistance，high density, high purity, and other excellent performance, Tungsten tube is widely used in aviation, aerospace and other fields. In detail, Tungsten tube is mainly used in high temperature furnace as thermocouple protection tube, sapphire crystal furnace, high temperature sintering furnace and other support.Therefore, tungsten tube still has great prospects in China and even in the world.

China is the richest mineral resources country of tungsten in the world, but for a long time, has been in the state of export of tungsten raw materials and imports of tungsten products. While prices of raw materials tungsten and tungsten products vary greatly.

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In process of tungsten dioxide restore to tungsten powder, with the development of reduction, the oxygen atom of tungsten dioxide further reduce so the oxygen vacancies increase. After studies shown which will make tungsten powder particles denser than normal. However, the tungsten dioxide particle morphology and tungsten powder particle size changed little, which is almost no change. It just from a tungsten dioxide crystal grain turn into a tungsten powder grain, but in this process the tungsten powder has tendency to grow up. Therefore, the appearance of tungsten powder change occurs mainly before tungsten dioxide producing. Tungsten dioxide is not the main factor determining the tungsten powder particle size. So the key to producing ultra-fine tungsten powder is to control the reduction process conditions before tungsten dioxide restore to tungsten powder, such as low dew point of hydrogen, flow rate, amount of loading the boat.

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Violet tungsten oxide observed its morphology characterized by low magnification SEM found: violet tungsten oxide surface aggregates is not flat, there are a lot of small pores. On the other hand observed in high-powered SEM found, the aggregates mainly composed of needle-like or columnar grains with scattered distribution. These grains thickness are uneven and length, diameter rate larger than normal which is scattered bypass structure and this structure makes violet tungsten oxide aggregate has many voids inside, which is good for hydrogen get into particle and water volatize. And reduction process can happens at interior as well as surface of violet tungsten oxide then the reaction speed increased, and also can inhibit tungsten powder particles grow up.  The most important tungsten powder particle size is smaller and uniform.

Violet tungsten oxide is reduced to tungsten powder, its original acicular or columnar grains have fused into a short rod, or a chain formed by a plurality of single crystal particles which are more uniform and particle size between 0.1 ~ 1um. That is, the appearance of powder didn’t changes a lot during restoration process. It just deprived oxygen by hydrogen so that the particles microscopic volume shrinks. Tungsten powder grains are uniform and scattered distribution which is conducive to the next step of carbonization.

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