Poly tungsten or tungsten poly (also known as tungsten-filled polymer) is a composition of various resins and tungsten powder which are mixed together through special metallurgical technology. Poly tungsten is filled with tungsten particles up to 60% by volume and 96% by weight. Base resins in poly tungsten can include ABS (acryloynitrile butadiene styrene), PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PU (polyurethane), PA (polyamide), PP (polypropylene), and TPE (thermoplastic elastomer).Poly tungsten is environmentally friendly. It is non-toxic and recyclable. Tungsten poly has high density, high radiation resistance, and high tensile strength. It is easily machined and malleable. Therefore, poly tungsten is the ideal material of radiation shielding instead of lead.

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Tungsten copper alloy rod is made of tungsten-copper composite material, tungsten-copper composite material is a two-phase structure fake tungsten alloy, composed mainly of copper, a metal matrix composite. Due to the physical properties of copper and tungsten are quite different, and therefore can not be produced using casting method, now commonly used powder alloy technology for production.

Tungsten has high melting point (tungsten melting point is 3410 ℃, iron melting point is 1534 ℃), high density (tungsten density of 19.34g / cm3, iron density 7.8g / cm3), copper has excellent thermal conductivity properties.However, tungsten copper alloy rod integrated advantages of tungsten and copper, have significant advantages. In addition, tungsten copper alloy rods (component is generally in the range of WCu7 ~ WCu50) uniform microstructure, high temperature, high strength, resistance to arc erosion, high density; moderate conductivity, thermal conductivity, high temperature materials are widely used in military, high-voltage switch with electrical alloy, EDM electrode, microelectronic materials, parts and components as widely used in aerospace, aviation, electronics, electricity, metallurgy, machinery, sports equipment and other industries.
 

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Tungsten carbide is a material developed for highly demanding applications. The unique combination of hardness and toughness makes it especially suitable for wear resistant parts of tools for rock drilling.

Tungsten carbide rock drill buttons wear resistance has been the focus of numerous studies, and a large amount of wear data has been published. However, the broad range of possible wear mechanisms, the large number of rock types of very different character, and finally the large local property variations even within a single drill hole, has made it difficult to sort out a good general understanding. One conclusion stands out very clear: the wear data for one rock drill in one rock type is unique to that particular situation and should not be expected to apply to other rock drills in other rock types. Even so, some general wear mechanisms can be observed.



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Tungsten carbide rock drill buttons wear mechanisms have been the focus of numerous studies, and a large amount of wear data has been published. Recently a new, more comprehensive, view on the deterioration and wear mechanisms of cemented carbide rock drill buttons comes up. The new view combines some of most important aspects, including two life limiting factors, five classes of mechanisms of deterioration and five classes of material removal mechanisms. The view is based on careful high resolution investigations of worn tungsten carbide rock drill buttons selected from drilling of different rock types.

The deterioration includes a fundamental change of material and properties due to intermixing of rock material and cemented carbide in the surface layer of the button. It further includes corrosive decay and oxidation of WC and formation of large-scale cracks in a reptile skin pattern.



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Tungsten crucible sintering process:
Sintering in the medium frequency induction furnace, and the temperature is controlled at: 2200 ℃ -2250 ℃ around, and should be held 3h-5h. Thermal insulating once again in the middle-temperature phase, the control of temperature is around 1600 ℃ -1700 ℃, time thermal insulation is around 1.5h, so densification of product will be better . Moreover, heating temperature speed should not too fast, otherwise the crucible is easy to deform, and the temperature should be controlled at: 80℃-100℃around. Besides, the vacuum degree should be bigger than 0.67Pa when sintering.

In addition, through matting the same material tungsten plate at the bottom of the crucible or installing the furnace by proper way, and it will be possible to avoid the situation in which the sintering tungsten crucible bottom will crack, making the quality of tungsten crucible is guaranteed. By this sintering process, tungsten crucible density can reach to 17.3g / cm³ and above.


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Tungsten crucible, also called tungsten melting pot, which owns different types, such as, spinning molding type, sintering molding type, pressing molding type, welding molding type and the type made by car molding, and so on. Tungsten crucible working environment of temperature is above 2000℃.

Tungsten crucible application:
Thanks to tungsten’s high melting point, tungsten crucible, as a core container, is widely applied in sapphire growth furnace, single crystal furnace, quartz glass melting furnace, induction furnace, rare earth melting furnace and other furnaces. In the sapphire crystal growth furnace process, the following features of tungsten crucible will affect the success ratio of seed growth, quality and service life of sapphire crystal.

Tungsten crucible feature: high purity, high density, wear resistance, high melting, corrosion resistance, no crack and other features.

Tungsten crucible is also playing an important part in glass and ceramic manufacturing, powder metallurgy industry, machinery processing and other industries.


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Tungsten carbide flat button is the button with the flat top surface; it is mainly used for plating mine with the cone drills and gage with buttons. It has high wear resistance and toughness, high modulus of elasticity, high flexural strength and high chemically stability.

A variety of models and sizes of tungsten carbide flat buttons:

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Tungsten crucible can be divided into different types, pressing type of tungsten crucible, sintering type of tungsten crucible, welding type of tungsten crucible, spinning type of tungsten and the type made of tungsten rod by car molding processing.

Pressing tungsten crucible should choose appropriate tungsten powder grain size; in order to avoid the tungsten crucible will all be cracking in pressing process. Usually, if the tungsten powder grain size is too small, and the surface area is larger, and the contact area among ​powder is also large, so the displacement and deformation between tungsten powder will increase in pressing process, and the elastic coefficient will also increasing. It is likely to cause cracking of the tungsten crucible if the above situation happened and the stress is relaxed when pressing. If the selection of tungsten powder is too bigger, that is, tungsten powder grain size is too coarse, smaller than surface area; the contact area between the tungsten powders will reduce, so the tungsten crucible is too easy to crack after pressing due to its low density of compaction. Therefore, the choice of tungsten powder grain size range should be: about 2.5μm3.0μm. At the same time, special attention should pay to the control of oxygen content; it should be 0.1% or less.


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Tungsten carbide claws button is the button with the shape of claws. It is also called cemented carbide claws button.  Because of its high wear resistance, high bending strength and high hardness, tungsten carbide mushroom button is ideally suited for wear parts, other machine parts and dies which are subject to severe service conditions, such as high temperatures, corrosion and abrasion.

The following are the most common type of tungsten carbide claws buttons:

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The common feature of liquid phase method producing nano particles are basic on homogeneous phase solution, through a variety of ways to make the solute and solvent separation, so the solvent to form certain shape and size particles which is required precursor powder after pyrolysis will obtain nano particles. Liquid phase methods include precipitation method, microemulsion method, hydrolysis method, sol-gel method, hydrothermal method. Precipitation method has co-precipitation method and chemical precipitation.

Chemical precipitation is adding an appropriate precipitating agent in salt solution to obtain a ceramic precursor precipitate then calcined to form a nano-ceramic powder. For example, Using (NH4) 10W12O41 • 5H2O as raw materials prepare H2WO4 then after dehydration and calcination to obtain WO3 ceramic powder. At different temperatures (300 ~ 600 ℃) treatment, the resulting particle size range is 16 ~ 57nm. Or using APT as raw materials and prepared H2WO4, and then calcined to obtain WO3 ceramic powder. At 300 ~ 600 ℃ heat treatment conditions can be obtained powder particle size 16 ~ 57nm. Using chemical deposition method producing nano-particle size was more uniform than using pure APT after pyrolysis obtained powder particle.

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