Because it has such a very high melting point and low vapor pressure, tungsten is used in high temperature situations. For instance, the filaments in light bulbs are made of tungsten. It is used in other applications in electronics as well.

When added to steel, tungsten increases its strength. It is alloyed (mixed with) other metals to make "superalloys" which have special physical properties of high strength and heat resistance. Some of the applications for such superalloys are in turbine engines for jet aircraft and energy generation.

Other alloys bearing tungsten are used for armaments, heat sinks, radiation shielding, weights and counterweights, wear-resistant parts and coatings.

Tungsten is the only material used to make light bulb filaments. Experiments are being done with ceramic and ceramics mixed with metals to create alternative cutting materials. Cemented carbide made with tungsten carbide is still preferred to these materials.

 

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Now for the really weird part: If the player throws a dart into the area from the bulls-eye to the triple ring (bull and double bull included), the dart is left in the board and is a "PRISONER". A prisoner dart remains in the board until any player (including the player who threw the dart) hits the playable area of the same number (in the case of the bulls-eye, hitting another bulls-eye captures the prisoner). Once a player captures a "prisoner", the dart is his/hers to use for the rest of the game (unless it is lost in the same manner).

If there is more than one "prisoner" dart that may be captured, they may only be captured one at a time. For example, if there are two darts in the 18 between the bulls-eye and the triples ring, two darts must be thrown into the playable area of the 18 to capture them both.

After the first "prisoner" is captured, one player now has four darts to use while the player who lost the dart has only two. By the end of the game, you might be playing with 7 darts and none of them might actually be yours!

Play continues until one player has gotten a dart in every number from 1 through 20 in the target area. The first player to do this wins the game.

Strategy: The only strategy in this game evolves the decision to progress towards reaching the 20 as opposed to trying to capture prisoner darts. While "wasting" darts trying to get the prisoner darts, other players may get too far ahead of you and win the game. Remember keeping your original three darts is the best idea, other people darts do not throw the same as yours and you will not be as accurate.

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Prisoner tungsten dart rule is a great game for large numbers of players, the more players, the better. It can be played with any number, however, even two. It has the strangest twist of any game I've ever played on the dartboard.

The Object: The object is to be the first to shoot "around the clock" one dart in each number from 1, clockwise, to 20.

The Scoring: No scoring is needed as long as each player can remember what number they left off at the last time they threw. If there are a lot of players (or some players have had a little too much suds) a list of names and current target number can be kept on the scoreboard.

Each player should throw one dart at bulls-eye, closest to the bulls-eye goes first. After the first game, order can be reversed with the winner of the previous game going last.

The Play: The first player tries to shoot one dart into each number, in order, starting with the number 1. After the 1 is hit in any of the playable areas, the next target is 18 and so on, clockwise around the board. If the player's tungsten dart misses the board (outside the doubles ring) or bounces out, the tungsten dart is left in the board for one turn. The player throws only two darts the next turn and then may pull the lost dart for use in the next turn after that.

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Players play tungsten darts individually, one-on-one, or in teams of two. Teams of one or two persons typically comprise tungsten dart leagues. If you are looking to start your own tungsten dart league, it is important that you take the time to schedule it properly. You want to ensure that each team plays every other team at least once during the season. Use a blank calendar to organize who plays whom during the dart season. Here are the instructions about how to make a tungsten dart league schedule:

1. Advertise that you are starting a tungsten dart league. Pass around a sign-up sheet to gauge how many people are interested.

2. Organize the people on the sign-up sheet into teams. If enough people sign up, consider comprising your league of teams of two.

3. Print out blank calendars for the months that comprise your tungsten dart league seasons. Seasons can last a few weeks to a few months depending on the interest level.

4. Choose a day or a series of days to host games. On the game days, write in a "home team" and a "visitor team." Start sequentially with team 1 playing team 2 and so on for the first matches. Next week, have team 1 play team 3 and team 2 play team 4 and so on for each team. Continue this way for each week until each team plays every other team at least once.

5. Copy the schedule and pass it out to the teams.

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Tungsten is a gray-white metallic element that is stable and is very resistant to acids and bases. It does, however, oxidize in air, especially at higher temperatures. It has the highest melting temperature of any metal (3422 degrees C, 6192 degrees F), and the second highest of all elements (Carbon is highest). Tungsten was named from the Swedish words "tung sten" meaning "heavy stone."

Tungsten is retrieved from the ore minerals scheelite (CaWO₄) and wolframite ((Fe,Mn)WO₄). Of the world’s tungsten reserves, nearly half are found in China. Canada and Russia also have large reserves. A significant amount of tungsten is recovered through recycling of scrap tungsten products.

Tungsten is mixed with carbon to make a very strong, very resistant material called tungsten carbide. Tungsten carbide is used to make cutting tools and wear-resistant tools for metalworking, drilling for oil and gas, mining, and construction. These applications account for more than 60% of the tungsten consumed in the US each year.

 

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Dartboard is a great deal for tungsten dart game, the world's best players demand bristle dartboards, and so should you. Applying regular care and maintenance to your dartboard will keep the tungsten darts flying and the players happy.

Dartboard Maintenance

1. Every two weeks, remove the metal number ring from your dartboard.

2. Move the "20" through to the next blank segment. The "20" now becomes the "12," and so on.

3. Repeat the procedure more often or less often as use and wear dictate.

Tips & Warnings

We recommend that you spread the board's wear when practicing. Because the only board area that you cannot protect by turning is the bull's-eye, it is crucial that you don't continually practice on that spot or it will wear out. Keep your tungsten darts sharp. Ensure points are kept sharp and not blunt or hooked. A hooked tungsten dart will damage a bristle board quickly as it will pull the fiber out, and blunt (worn) dart points cause over-compaction--check your tungsten dart points and sharpen or replace as required or they will prematurely wear out your board."

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Traditional dart boards made of cork are often cheaper and have a more classic aesthetic appeal to them. However, they do succumb to regular use's wear and tear. While minor issues like extremely dry cork can be fixed easily, if your board has a substantial amount of cork chunks taken out of it or mold damage, you may want to consider replacing it. Here are the answers about how to fix a cork dartboard:

1. Wipe down your dartboard gently with a damp cloth to get rid of any dust or dirt that has accumulated on the board over time.

2. Lay the dartboard down on a secure surface such as a workbench or basement table.

3. Place the damp cloth on top of the dartboard and leave it there overnight. Remove the cloth in the morning, and the cork should have naturally absorbed some of the moisture, returning it to playing form.

Tips & Warnings

Don't allow any excess water to get into the board when you are wiping it off with the damp cloth. Direct exposure to water can cause bubbles and other imperfections to rise in your board that can affect game play.

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Tungsten needle is one of the main products which made of tungsten material. So, it has some physical and chemical properties of tungsten, which has been the unique properties of tungsten needle, differing from needles made of other metal materials.

Of all metals in pure form, tungsten owns the highest melting point that is 3,422 °C, lowest vapor pressure which is above 1,650 °C and the highest tensile strength. What is more, tungsten possesses the lowest coefficient of thermal expansion in pure metals. The low thermal expansion and high melting point and strength of tungsten originate from strong covalent bonds formed between tungsten atoms by the 5d electrons. It will increase its toughness greatly if it alloying small quantities of tungsten with steel. Therefore, the tungsten needle, as pure tungsten material, owns the same physical properties of tungsten.

As to the chemical property of tungsten needle, which can also be analyzed from the material of tungsten, that is corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, oxidization resistance, and high temperature resistance. That has been the reason for tungsten needle can be stored with unchangeable quality for long.

 

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In the water quench experiment, the pottery material nozzle cracks at the end face firstly, and then extend axially until depth throughout the nozzle. So the main failure mode is integral cracking. YG8 tungsten carbide nozzle performed well in thermal shock, which has tiny cracks at 500℃ difference in temperature, spall with lumps over 700℃ difference in temperature and when the difference in temperature reaches 900℃, the radial pattern cracks will appear. Therefore, tungsten carbide main failure mode in water quench experiment is massive spalling and concentrated in the end face of pore edge and the external cylindrical edge.

Through the simulation showed that the more thermal shock temperature difference, the greater the thermal stress. At the same difference in temperature, the thermal stress of YG8 tungsten carbide is lower than AL₂O₃ pottery nozzle, and then decreased with time goes by. The experimental data shows that YG8 tungsten carbide nozzle is better than AL₂O₃ pottery nozzle in heat resistance and anti-seismic.















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Slider tungsten dart rule is a very easy game, but good practice because it uses the whole board. It is also a very fast moving game and can usually be finished in under 10 minutes. Any number of players can play. Handicapping can be done by limiting the target area of stronger players.

The Object: To hit every number on the board in order from 10 through 20 with one tungsten dart and finish before the other players.

The Scoring: Scoring is not needed in this game as long as everyone can remember what number they are up to and what order they shoot.

The Play: The first player tries to shoot first at 10, when a 10 is hit, play moves on to 11 and so on until all three tungsten darts are thrown. The next player then does the same thing, and so on. Remember only the number that the player is shooting for counts and all the numbers must be shot in order.

If the player misses the target number with all three tungsten darts, the player "slides" back a number for the next turn. For example, if the player is throwing at 15 and misses with all three tungsten darts, the next time that player throws, the target number will be 14.
The first player to hit the 20 wins.

Strategy: There isn't any.

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