2014 - 2019 Global Alumina Market Increase Nearly 28%- Tungsten Crucible Made Sapphire Market Broaden

According to international market research report, in 2014-2019, the global high purity alumina market compound annual growth rate will increase nearly 28%. As we known, alumina often referred to as smelter grade alumina (SGA) primarily because it is often used as a raw material for producing aluminum. Alumina mainly be used for aluminum process, only 10% for non-metallurgical alumina market, namely for industrial use.

High purity alumina refers to the minimum purity of 99.99%, and it is high-end products of non-metallurgical alumina market. High purity alumina is a white powder having uniform and easy dispersion particle, stable chemical property, moderate high-temperature shrinkage, good sintering property, high conversion rate, low sodium content and other good property. It is raw material for heat, wear and corrosion products production. Currently, it is used in LED, semiconductor, phosphor, sapphire crystal preparation and other fields.

Tungsten crucible Made Sapphire

Alumina as raw materials for sapphire single crystal oxide production, with sapphire single crystal applications broaden, the alumina market demand is also growing. Tungsten crucible made sapphire single crystal applications currently on the market are as infrared transparent window materials, microelectronics substrate body, laser matrix, optical components and other purposes.

A study shows sapphire crystal as LED substrate material benefits from the rapid development of LED lighting systems market demand having further expansion, which makes the market demand of sapphire single crystal raw material alumina also having a greater degree of expansion. In 2015 alumina demand growth rate reached 16%. In addition, sapphire crystal applications in the smart phone, making the alumina in this area the growth rate reached 20%. If consider the future use in the mobile phone market, the future demand for alumina and sapphire crystal equivalent to the current needs of the tens times.

 

Tungsten Being Applied in Apple Watch 2

When Apple announced its much-anticipated Apple Watch back in September 2014, people got very excited about the concept of an Apple-designed smartwatch. Fast forward to today, the Apple Watch has been on sale for quite some time and with 2016 drawing ever closer, people are starting to think about the next-generation Apple Watch, the Apple Watch 2.

Apple is said to be exploring more variations of the Apple Watch, beyond the Sports, Steel and Edition tiers available with the first-gen Apple Watch. It's said that the company is planning to introduce new models that should sit between the most expensive steel Apple Watch (£949) and the cheapest Apple Watch Edition (£8,000).

Apple Watch 2

It's looking to attract customers willing to pay between £1,000 and £8,000 for an Apple Watch, however, it's unsure as to how the new tiers will differ from current models.

It's been suggested that the new tier could feature more advanced bands or new materials including tungsten, palladium, titanium or even platinum. Long ago tungsten has been applied in the bracelet of watch which is super tough to prevent surface scratches, also it is rust proven. It’s high density make the watch itself solid but lighter. 

 

Tungsten Crucible Made Sapphire Wafers - Fingerprint Identification

In 2013 Apple Computer Inc. introduced Iphone5S. The eye-catching not only in its colors but the innovative fingerprint identification also impresses many people. With the popularity of mobile phone fingerprint identification, now many smart phones all you can think of have fingerprint identification. Fingerprint identification technology has not only become the standard configuration of smart phones, but more to help people protect the phone and personal privacy.
 
Cover material of fingerprint identification sensor are: ceramics, sapphire and resins. As we knew sapphire has lots of good property which can widely used in mobile phones fingerprinting identification technology and the main advantages are as follows:
1. The phone reads the fingerprint data required to have a very fast speed of sensors. Sapphire wafer has high dielectric constant and good thermal conductivity which can rapid response fingerprint data.
2. Phone fingerprint identification system is very sensitive, if the recognition area is scratched, it will cause recognition failure. It requires fingerprint identification plate with high strength, wear resistance and other properties. The hardness of sapphire wafer is 9H (Mohs hardness) and has good scratch resistance, to better protect the identification system.
3. The fingerprint area in front cover produced by sapphire wafer is kind of mirror which is similar with phone cover glass, making the phone more harmonious overall appearance.
 
Having high purity, high density, crack-free, precise size, smooth inner and outer walls of the tungsten crucibles for sapphire crystal growth and performance has played an important role. 
Tungsten Crucible Made Sapphire Wafers

Ammonium Metatungstate(AMT) Industry China Market Research Report 2016

Ammonium Metatungstate(AMT)Ammonium Metatungstate(AMT)

The China Ammonium Metatungstate(AMT) Industry 2016 Market Research Report is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the Ammonium Metatungstate(AMT) industry.

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Russia Plans to Carry Out a Test for Destroying Asteroid by Nuclear Bomb

nuclear bomb destroyed asteroidnuclear bomb destroyed asteroid

Recently, according to foreign media reports, Russia wants to carry out a nuclear bomb upgrade plan, namely that to emission the nuclear bomb outside of the atmosphere through the intercontinental ballistic missile, in order to destroy asteroids, which would pose a threat to earth. 

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King of New Materials - Graphene Will Subvert the Future Battlefield, China to Build a Pilot Industry

Britain has developed a new technology on rapidly mass production; and Chinese experts successfully developed industrial prospect broad Graphene super battery. The Ministry of industry, national development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of science issued Number Opinions on Accelerating Graphene Industry Innovation and Development. Graphene not only has a broad application prospects in the future, but also will bring disruptive change in the future battlefield.

Graphene carbon structure model

Some scholars said: "nineteenth Century is Iron Age, twentieth Century is Silicon Age, and Twenty-one century is Carbon Age." And Graphene is a representative material of carbon Age. Graphene is stripped out from graphite material, composed of carbon atoms of only one atomic layer, a two-dimensional carbon films with hexagonal honeycomb lattice (benzene). Graphene is a hard material with magic properties of high transmittance, low energy loss. Although graphene has not yet been put into mass production stage, but its excellent performance makes people be full of expectations on the application of future battlefield.
In addition, Graphene is almost zero penetration for gas, liquid and so on. That means coating the ship with Graphene equals to wear a suit of armor "invulnerability". These amazing features also allow Graphene becoming recognized as the king of new materials in just a few decades.

According to opinions, in the future, Graphene will have broad applications on aerospace, weapons and equipment, major infrastructure, and new energy, new energy automotive, energy saving and environmental protection, electronic information and other fields.

 

The United States Worrying China to Sell Semiconductor Equipment at Cabbage Price and Rejected China Takeover of Philps

On February 5,New York Times publishedAmerican worrying about Chinese ambition in chip is daily increasing, the article said," China is investing heavily to build the domestic semiconductor industry, the upgrade its military forces and local technology industry's move caused by Washington's attention ". In late January 2016, the U.S. foreign investment committee rejected the Chinese investors take over PHILPS's lighting business at 2 billion 900 million, which is a concrete manifestation of the U.S. government concerns.

So, why the United States obstructed the acquisition? The United States government to stop is not the lighting business itself, but to prevent Chinese investors master the technology of the third generation semiconductor materials—GaN, through the acquisition of Philips’s lighting business. LED of GaN has the smaller appearance, higher power and luminosity than the traditional LED; more critical, the density power of GaN is 10 times of the existing GaAs, which can not only widely be used in communication base station, motor vehicles, electric vehicles, wind power and other civilian areas, but also used in the special fields of phased array radar, and make it became a hotspot and frontier of global semiconductor research.

The reason why U.S government stops Chinese investors’ acquisition of Philips’s lighting business is not just for the considering of technology in military applications and national security, but also for restrains the development of China's semiconductor industry, keep its advantage in technology technical.

In short, China support of the local development of the semiconductor industry in the from of semiconductor, IC design, manufacturing, packaging and testing, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, a full range of support, and strive to achieve a "winner" in the form of the whole industry chain. Once the semiconductor industry captured by China, and output the products at "cabbage price", it can weaken American global supremacy material basis on the one hand; on the other hand, it will make China completely get rid of controlled by others in the field of information technology and the harmful situation of information security, presumably this is what Americans really worries.

Tungsten Diselenide is Expected to as Thin Flexible Solar Cells

This thin layer is thin and light, about 95% of the light can pass through it, but one-tenth of the remaining 5% of the light will be absorbed by the material, and converted into electricity. Therefore, its internal efficiency is very high. If multiple thin layers have stacks, a large part of this incident light ray can be effectively utilized ── but sometimes this high transparency may have beneficial side effects.
 
A analyst said, tungsten diselenide applications and touted graphene are currently just the same concept, the future of the specific application is not clear yet, it’s hard to make investment decisions. Researchers of Shanghai research unit long-term study of flexible battery also said that the tungsten diselenide thin flexible solar cell applications are forward-looking research, further away from the application.
 
"We can imagine the solar cell layer stack on the glass curtain, may allow some light into the building, but also to bring power available," Mueller said.
 
Most standard solar cells are made of silicon produced, which is not only quite cumbersome and inflexible. The organic material can be used for optoelectronic applications, but the degree of degradation is quite fast. "2D structure of a single atomic layer has a big advantage is that its crystalline properties. The crystal structure adds to stability," Mueller explained.

tungsten diselenide

Tungsten Diselenide has been Developed as New Flexible Solar Cell Materials in Austria

Vienna University of Technology in Austria has been the first developed the diode made by tungsten diselenide (WSe2). According to the experiment, this material can be used for ultra-thin flexible solar cells. It was expected in the market that it will take the place of graphene to become the next new-material concept, scientific experts and related enterprises indicates that the application of prospective studies are currently unclear.
 
Graphene is considered as one of the most promising electronic material, but it’s not suitable for build solar cells, which is why the Vienna University of Technology research team began to look for other similar materials like graphene, they want to find the one material that can be arranged by ultra-thin layers and has better electronic properties. Therefore, the researchers found tungsten diselenide, and its main structure is that the upper and lower layer of selenium connected to an intermediate layer of tungsten atoms, as graphene can absorb light, about 95% of the light can pass through it, but one-tenth of the remaining 5% of the light will be absorbed by the material, and converted into electricity.

WSe2

Physical Properties of WTe2 under High Pressure and Strong Magnetic Field II

Stress can make lattice shrink, increase energy band overlap, destroy this balance between carriers, which may induce a new electronic phase transition. Based on this consideration, cooperation team at Nanjing University of Artificial Microstructure Collaborative Innovation Center under the framework of the research carried out quickly both experimental and theoretical high pressure.
 
It was found that: at a pressure of 2.7GPa, when the temperature dropped to 3.1K or less, along with the gradual disappearance of the giant magnetoresistance effect, there was a sharp decline of the resistance. With further increase of the pressure, the emergence of zero resistance appear gradually, indicating the resistance steep drop corresponds to a stress-induced superconducting transition. At about 17GPa, the superconducting transition temperature TC reaches the maximum of 7K, and the accompanying pressures continue to increase, TC gradually decreased, showing a phase diagrama of superconducting pressure as a "dome" type. The study of different external magnetic field at high pressure resistance and magnetic susceptibility has been the further evidence of the existence of superconductivity. On the other hand, Theoretical calculations of high-pressure related show that TC beginning to increase with increasing pressure is the results of increasing density of states near the Fermi surface, and decreases of TC under higher pressure is attributed to the lattice structure instability.
 

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