With the increasing maturity of nano-preparation technology, the development of nano-materials with different morphologies and sizes and the study of the effects of size and morphology on the properties of materials have become one of the main directions of nano-technology research. The traditional inorganic luminescent materials are prepared into nano-materials with certain morphology. The performance of luminescent materials can be further improved by using nano effect.

Esters are widely used as solvents, perfumes and preservatives. They are very important in food, industry, daily chemical industry and pharmaceutical production. Esterification is one of the most important reactions in organic synthesis. It is usually the reaction of organic acids and alcohols to produce esters and water. Traditional schemes have serious environmental pollution.

The tungsten selenide (WSe2) film is one of the top of thermal insulating materials, its thermal conductivity is about one hundred thousandth diamond( apparently the material with the best thermal conductivity). It is the material with the lowest thermal conductivity.

Photocatalysis, as a new wastewater treatment technology, has shown broad application prospects in the advanced treatment of organic wastewater. In addition, photocatalysts are also widely used in building decoration markets and indoor cars. Photocatalysis process has almost no selectivity for the degradation of organic matter, and can completely mineralize organic pollutants, without secondary pollution.

With the increasing problems of energy and environment, the pollution of water resources by organic matter is particularly prominent, which not only affects human health, but also consumes a large amount of energy to eliminate such pollutants. Therefore, the development of new materials using photocatalytic technology to solve pollution has become a new research direction.

At present, some new tungstate photocatalytic materials with visible light effect have been discovered by researchers. Semiconductor materials such as tungstate have good application prospects due to their unique structure and physicochemical properties, such as magnetic devices, scintillators, corrosion inhibitors and catalysts, which have become a research hotspot in recent years. For example, the catalytic material Bi₂WO₆ (band gap is only about 2.8eV), which is faster than the visible light response photocatalysis of TIO₂, can mineralize harmful substances such as chloroform and acetaldehyde under visible light, and degrade them into CO₂.

Because of its excellent properties such as high hardness, high red hardness, high compressive strength, high wear resistance and good corrosion resistance, superfine tungsten carbide powder is known as "industrial teeth" and widely used in almost all sectors of the national economy and various fields of modern technology. As the main material of cemented carbide, tungsten carbide has been devoted to improving its contradictory properties of hardness and toughness.

In recent years, the research of two-dimensional layered materials has attracted the attention of scientists, especially the rapidly developing graphene nanomaterials, which have the characteristics of high strength, excellent conductivity and thermal conductivity, and are widely used in the field of sensors. Graphene is known as the king of new materials. However, graphene is a two-dimensional material with zero band gap and can not be used as channel layer of transistors, which limits its further application in nano-electronic devices and photoelectric conversion.

Because of its high melting point and high high temperature mechanical properties, tungsten metal is widely used in high temperature components, lighting, national defense and other fields. Besides, tungsten metal has the advantages of low thermal expansion coefficient and anti-sputtering. It is the most promising candidate wall material for fusion reactor. However, tungsten has some shortcomings, such as low temperature brittleness and recrystallization brittleness, which lead to brittleness and difficult to process and shape, and affect its application.

With the increasing shortage of fossil fuels and the harsh environmental pollution, photocatalytic technology has received a great attention.It is applied in transformation of solar energy, degradation of organic pollutants. The advances in photocatalytic technology rely on the function of semiconductor materials.