Recover Tungsten, Vanadium, Titanium from Waste SCR Catalyst 2/2

3. Add hydrochloric acid into leaching slag
Wash the precipitation obtained in step 2 and adjust pH by adding hydrochloric acid, separated to get s HVO3 filtrate and residue containing H2WO4;
4. Preparation of ammonium Paratungstate
The residue containing H2WO4 that obtained in step 3 is joined ammonia with concentrate of 25~30% at 70~80℃ for dissolving, filtering and evaporating to generate ammonium paratungstate crystal;
5. Preparation of ammonium metavanadate
Add ammonia into the filtrate containing HVO3 which is obtained in step 3, stripping; the stripping liquor goes through filtration, crystallization to obtain ammonium metavanadate, and the raffinate is flowing into reuse process of wastewater.
6. Reuse process of wastewater

The advantages analyzed as follows:
1. The purity and rate of recovery are very high. Ammonium paratungstate and ammonium metavanadate that recycled can be directly used in the production process of SCR catalyst, and the Rutile Titanium Dioxide is high quality raw materials for high-grade ceramic pigment;
2. Zero discharge of industrial waste water;
3. The by-products can be directly soled as product sales to the users downstream;
4. Valuable metals achieve the goal of regeneration and separation and realize harmless clean production;
5. The tall gas generated in the calcination process doesn’t exist by Spray absorption;
6. Use high-pressure water for washing in the pretreatment and the filter reused, which avoid poisonous compounds such as mercury, arsenic, phosphorus and so on in waste SCR catalyst not to be loss with the ash.

Recover Tungsten, Vanadium, Titanium from Waste SCR Catalyst 1/2

Due to denitration agents take 30%~50% the whole investment of denitration equipment in the system, besides the main component V2O5 is of highly toxic which will cause environmental pollution and poison to human body. So, it will create great economic and environmental benefits by comprehensive recycling waste catalyst. A method for recycling tungsten, vanadium and titanium from waste SCR catalyst is put forward in this paper, steps are as follows:

Waste SCR catalyst

1. SCR waste catalyst pretreatment, high temperature and pressure leaching out
1) Crushing and grinding the waste catalysts, then send them to NaOH solution which the concentration is 200~700g/L, and then leaching out at high temperature (130~220℃), high pressure (0.3~ I.2MPa) for I~6 hours, get filtrate and residue;
Remarks: residue can be used as the material of Rutile Titanium Dioxide;
2) Add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value to 0.5~I.5, and heated to 90~100℃ to make Na4TiO4 reacted to H4TiO4, then filter for getting filtrate and residue;
Remarks: ①. Filtrate and washed wastewater are joined into reuse process of wastewater;
②. The residue after washing is calcined at the temperature of 800~900℃ for 2-4 hours to get Rutile Titanium Dioxide.
2. Adjust pH by adding hydrochloric acid to remove impurities
Add hydrochloric acid into leaching solution which is got from step 1 to adjust pH value to 10~11, then add MgCl2 for removing impurity; concentrate and again add hydrochloric acid to adjust pH value to 9~10, and then precipitate WO42- and VO3- ions, separate to obtain filtrate and filter residue, the filter join into reuse process of wastewater.

 

The Lifetime and Recovery Method of Catalyst AMT / SiO2

To further investigate the lifetime and recovery method of catalyst such as AMT / SiO2 calcined at 533K, the results are shown in Figure 2. 
Fig.2 (a) shows that the fresh catalyst maintain a high stability in the first 46h, conversion rate of catechol is more than 95%. With the extension of the reaction time, the catalyst activity decreased slowly, conversion rate of catechol was 95% at 440h, continue to extend the reaction time, the catalyst activity decreased rapidly, conversion rate of catechol has dropped to about 10 % after 550h. The stability of AMT / SiO2 catalyst is lower than aluminum phosphate catalyst system containing titanium of the previous reports, and it is fairly basic to the stability of Zn-Cl2 / Al2O3 catalyst, but much better than some supported catalyst systems such as Cs / SiO2 and so on. The AMT / SiO2 catalyst stability needs to be further improved, but the initial activity and primary product selectivity of the reaction are high. It’s the best single catechol ether and methanol vapor phase reaction reported in the literature.

Fig 2

 

Zumwalt-Class Destroyer Tungsten Alloy Counterweights(1/2)

The destroyer is a medium-sized surface ships, which was born in the 90s of the 19th century, it is one of the most important strategic military cruisers of the navies all over the world. The destroyer can be divided into air defense destroyer and antisubmarine destroyer, which were widely used in the second world war. Destroyers can empower various anti-aircraft guns, torpedoes and missiles etc. to perform a variety of air, on the sea, on the potential and land attack mission. Under normal conditions, the tonnage of destroyer is in more than 5000 tons, but antisubmarine destroyer’s tonnage will be less than 5000 tons.
 
Zumwalt-class destroyer, referred to as DDG-1000, is the main type of the United States Navy surface ships. It gathered a variety of cutting-edge technology in its body, whether it is from the weapon system, motor power, network communication, navigation or detection of ship design, all that has no destroyer of other countries can compare in the world. But this feature of the huge body also makes the Zumwalt-class destroyer be vulnerable to defend the rough sea, so that it would crease the wreck threat. Therefore, tungsten alloy counterweights can be used in Zumwalt-class destroyer in order to increase the stability of navigation.
Zumwalt-class destroyer

 

Tungsten Gold-Plated Coin For Concert

Concert is a kind of shows that directly singing in front of the audience, the performer can be a group or a single, in most cases the concert will need to buy tickets. It’s no doubt that concert is the occasion that many fans can at the closest distance to contact with his favorite singer or his idol, it is also a Carnival Day that can singing with many congenial. For many singers, it’s also an excellent way to interact with their fans or express their appreciation for the support of their fans in the form of holding a concert.
 
Under normal circumstances, the surface of tungsten gold-plated coin for concert would be engraved with the concert’s subject name, lead singer, and nature. For its golden bright appearance and high commemorative value, tungsten gold-plated coin has been widely used as concert presented souvenirs to audience, guests and the background field personnel. Because of the properties of high density, good corrosion resistance and good wear resistance, tungsten alloy has the same sense feel of gold, which can also make tungsten gold-plated coin for concert have excellent corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, and make it can be permanently preserved as a beautiful witness in life.
Tungsten gold-plated coin for concert

 

 

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