Natural Gas May Be Chinese First Choice of Energy Transformation, WO3 Denitration Catalyst Controls NOx

On the activity of "G20 Gas Day" which held on June 29th, the experts pointed out that, compared to other fossil fuels, natural gas has the advantages of low pollution, low emission; while the utilization of natural gas is relatively flexible, and can compensate for the disadvantages of the unstable state of renewable energy, therefore, in the process of Chinese restructuring and optimization of energy, natural gas will be the first choice of transitional energy.
 
However, while natural gas is considered as a clean fuel, it does not mean that it will not pollute the environment, at the same time, it also increases the total emissions of nitrogen oxides; especially within the family use, the flue gas directly emissions have brought some pressure to the environment protection. Combustion products of natural gas are NOx (the complete combustion product is: nitrogen dioxide; incomplete combustion product is: NO), water, carbon dioxide (incomplete combustion product is: carbon monoxide) and so on, or may contain sulfur dioxide and other toxic substances, which mainly depends on the composition of natural gas. Therefore, the denitration project of combustion exhaust gas of natural gas is very necessary.

denitration catalyst and natural gas pipeline
 
TiO2-WO3-V2O5 ceramic honeycomb denitration catalyst is a typical SCR catalyst, is the core of the SCR denitration system in industrial, its efficient and reliable operation determines the denitration efficiency. In the component of WO3denitration catalyst, the titanium dioxide plays the carrier role for loading active substance, which accounting for about 85% of the total catalyst mass; vanadium pentoxide is the main active substance, accounting for about 7%; WO3as catalyst promoter, takes an amount of about 10%, which primarily plays the role of anti-sulfide, poisoning resistance, and while increasing the temperature adaptability and thermal stability, thus to avoid the occurrence of the carrier being sintered and deactivation under a high temperatures in a short time.
 
Further Reading:
Natural gas means any gas naturally existing in nature, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere gas and lithosphere which is formed by natural processes (including oil, gas field, mud volcanoes, coal bed methane and biogenesis and other gases). The natural gas which people usually says is the narrow definition from the energy point of view, it refers to the mixture gas which natural reserves in the formation of a of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon, and mostly hidden in underground porous rock formations, and considered as the high-quality fuels and chemical raw materials.

 

Tungsten Trioxide Applicable In New Water Electrolyzing Catalyst

Recently, the Chinese Academy of Physical and Chemical Research Institute has successfully synthesized a highly efficient water electrolyzing catalyst to achieve high efficiency at a low voltage of activating water molecules, and offered the potential for solving the future energy crisis. Hydrogen is considered as the best source of energy, unlike the other new energy sources, like solar, nuclear, ocean, biomass and geothermal energy and so on, it belongs to the energy of energetic body which is available direct combustion. Among the hydrogen production technologies, the way of solar water photolysis or photo-assisted electrolysis of water is one of the most promising and efficient pathway, which is depending on the semiconductor electrode, and moreover, the water electrolyzing catalyst can greatly improve the efficiency of water electrolysis hydrogen.

tungsten trioxide and water
 
Zhang Rui, one of the researchers led his team carried out a in-depth study on the nanostructure of "Hydrotalcite (LDH)" clay mineral, through precise regulation of the hydrotalcite precursor morphology, and synthesized the ultra-thin and ultra-small heterogeneous nanostructures of NiO / TiO2by calcination under a high temperature. Studies have shown that this structure exhibited a superior catalytic performance in terms of electro-catalytic decomposition for generating hydrogen and oxygen. At the same time, studies have shown that the catalyst synthesis method is simple, and used the abundant nature of non-precious metal as the raw material, the obtained product of ultra-thin and ultra-small material of NiO / TiO2has the application value in the respects of electro-catalytic decomposition of water, capacitors ect.; also, it is applicable to other metal oxides (such as tungsten trioxide) to prepare the nanosheets electro-catalyst.
 
Tungsten (W) , an element of the transition metal in ⅥB family; tungsten trioxide is an important oxide in the tungsten metallurgical industry, which has semiconductor property; because of its catalytic property, it is commonly used in the preparation of the denitration, hydrodesulfurization, photocatalyst and other catalysts. Study on catalyst of titanium dioxide has been more than 40 years, while the international research on tungsten trioxide applied on the photocatalyst, water electrolysis catalyst is just in the early phase, we believe that in the near future, researchers will slowly open the mystery of tungsten trioxide in this regard applications.

 

New Rare Earth Industry Standard was Issued, Promoting the Healthy and Stable Development of Tungsten Market (Tungsten Heater)

It is reported that in accordance with relevant state laws and regulations, industry policies and standards, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China has issued “Rare Earth Industry Norm Conditions (2016 version)” and “Rare Earth Industry Norm Conditions Bulletin Management Approach” in order to protect China's rare earth resources and the ecological environment  and regulate tungsten market (tungsten heater) management promoting adjustment of industrial structure and transformation of economic and promoting the healthy and stable development of tungsten market (tungsten heater).

tungsten heaterThere are a series of new regulations for the supervision and management in Chapter III.

Article IX indicates that rare earth enterprises who want to apply standardized conditions announcements should truthfully fill in any application materials. List of rare earth enterprises which enter the announcement should strictly follow the requirements of production and business activities of "standard".
Announcement enterprises should establish production and management accounting, accept supervision and inspection of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China, local people's governments at all levels and the rare earth industry department.
Article X: Provincical (autonomous regions and municipalities) People's Government and the rare earth industry department would work with relevant departments to supervise and test for the "standard conditions" of announcement enterprises, report the result of the supervision and inspection to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China timely.
Article XI: welcome and encourage social supervision. Any unit or individual can make a complaint or report to the competent department of the rare earth industry if found the related rare earth enterprises do not meet the relevant requirements of "standard conditions".

The new "standard conditions" have carried out detailed provisions for various aspects of the establishment and layout, production scale, resource utilization and other rare earth projects.

Tungsten Market (Tungsten Heater) is in An Embarrassing Situation

tungsten heaterThe current domestic tungsten market is in a very embarrassing situation. It not only because “less demand”, but also due to the “unsafe” hearts of market participants. 

Summer adjournment of Europe and other countries in July and August would cause some negative impact on the market. However, the main reason of the low price of tungsten products (tungsten heater) is not for it. Domestic tungsten prices would not fall so low, after all, value of tungsten products is so much more. The end of October 2015, the domestic tungsten products has been reduced to the limit since 2004. For example, APT, since the highest price point in May, decreasing amplitude of APT price is nearly 30,000 RMB / ton, which within just over a month. Off-season of tungsten market is coming, so opportunity for turning around of the market will be delayed. At present APT prices have fallen below 100,000 RMB / ton. 

If there is no intervention and bailout of policy, the market in July and August will continue to be in a bleak. 

Enterprises must be prepared for the winter. The safest methods are to lock orders and to lock the materials, if there is no order, it is better to for the time for the market. What’s more, tungsten enterprises can give proper care for old customers of the price, of course, there is no need to make allowance without any principle, or it would make both enterprises and the entire industry be in the illusion for quoting the fake price. People should hold the rational view for the low price rumors of the market. When prices do fall too fast, people should make a choice: to abandon or to do a longer stockpile preparation. Operation of manufacturers also need to integrate into the concept of “fast, and spirit, accurate,” trade-oriented enterprises, product quality is the most important in any time.

Environmental Policy and Brexit Affected Tungsten Market

tungsten rods

In late June, Chinese announced the "National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes" 2016 edition. The catalogue noted the tungsten slag which produced for ammonium paratungstate alkaline decomposition process and molybdenum slag which produced form molybdenum removal process and waste water are included in the non-ferrous metal smelting waste, belong to toxic smelting waste. But other tungsten products smelting slag has not yet been included in the catalogue.

In June 29, 2016, Ganzhou Tungsten Industry Association held a meeting with APT smelting enterprises directors. This meeting fully analyzed the impact of this environmental policy on APT smelting enterprises and discussed the appropriate response options. This environmental policy will begin on August 1 and for APT smelting enterprises still have one month grace period. The relevant manufacturers can find a way to solve the difficulties and problems. It is said environmental policy will not great influence on the smelting factory, mainly because tungsten market is now at a low season, having low operating rates, so the prices continued to slight decline and tungsten raw material and tungsten finished manufacturers enthusiasm is not high.

Brexit resulting pound continues to fall, the euro against the dollar also fell more than three percent, while the swiss franc and the Japanese yen has been skyrocketing. Brexit direct affects the global currency market. In order to stabilize the economy, many countries have begun to currency intervention. Europe As a cross-border export electricity supplier important market, is now in the economy shocks and the pound and the euro will likely continued to depreciate, which to some extent, in favor of tungsten market import, such as imports of tungsten related equipment. But in this economic situation will reduce the profits of business, which is not conducive to exports. The official pointed out, the current China logistics companies which employ cross-border e-commence in EU usually through the UK into the EU, therefore the British leaved form Europe have a certain impact on China-EU cross-border logistics service providers. Brexit will make the global economy in long grace period, so countries should make corresponding measures to stabilize their economies.

 

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