WO3 Reduces Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Cost

July 26th, reports said that earlier this year, the showed hydrogen fuel cell extended-range electric vehicle of Magna in the Engine Forum which held in Vienna have run on the road in Germany, and it does not rely on fossil fuel power at all, to achieve zero emission. It is reported that the world's most advanced non-nuclear submarines - the German U-series conventional submarine also use hydrogen fuel cell. Compared to pure electric vehicles, hydrogen fuel cells have the advantage of fast hydrogenation like refuel the car, and moreover, the hydrogen is truly environmentally friendly energy, the entire car has realized the four main aims of zero emission, high endurance, fast refueling and four-wheel-drive power system.

tungsten trioxide and hydrogenation of fuel cell vehicle
 
One of the important factors of a new car can be a lot of promotion is the price, which the target price is directly limited by the cost of fuel cell vehicle. The car has complex structure just like the conventional hydrogen fuel cars; however, the actual costs are lower with the fuel cell efficiency reaching to 51%. It is similar to a "hybrid" car, in the moving, the car will first consume the energy in the power battery; when the battery is depleted, the car will automatically switch to the fuel cell mode and trickle charge for the power battery, so as to enhance the number of km endurance .
 
The energy conversion of hydrogen fuel energy into electricity need to be carried out in the role of a catalyst, the former catalysts are always noble metal platinum which can generally be used in the experiment but could not be widely spread because of its high cost. With the ongoing research for new catalyst, the researchers found that tungsten trioxide (WO3) can play a role in hydrogen fuel cells. WO3, the yellow powder, is the most common tungsten oxide, and being a most important intermediate form of tungsten oxide in tungsten metallurgical industry, is also an important transition metal semiconductor material. WO3 has a strong resistance to corrosion, especially suitable for the (hydrogen) fuel cell operating environment; research has shown that the use of WO3 partially replace C as the carrier-supported Pt, the performance of the catalyst can be very good enhanced; and, since WO3 has cooperative catalysis with platinum, the use of precious metals can be reduced, and thus to improve the catalytic activity, also reduce the cost of the catalyst.

 

Xiamen Elevated Cycleway Improves Tungsten Heater Development

One of the most important keys for the development of the city is traffic. If the transportation system has been improved, there will be more and more tourists and investors to Xiamen, such an action would be conducive to the development of tungsten enterprises in Xiamen. If the traffic has been improved, the speed of transportation will speed up, which would save the transit time of tungsten heater, and it would further promote the trade of tungsten heater in Xiamen.

From September 1, 2008, BRT has been put into operation officially. Since BRT established, it is widely welcomed by the public, people said that this mode of transport is both convenient and time saving. However, with the continuous promotion of BRT and the Xiamen growing population, more and more people feel that the BRT is too crowded, it is impossible to get on BRT during the rush hour. So the government has invested a lot of Xiamen public bicycle, which has solved the problem for the traffic to a certain extent to. Coupled with the promotion of green travel, people are wild about cycling, so that there is a new problem. In rush hour, bicycles and other non-motor vehicles swam back and forth in the crowded lane, causing frequent traffic accidents, which also brings trouble to the motor vehicle driver. In order to solve those safety issues, on July 21, Xiamen Municipal Commission of Urban Planning and Xiamen Municipal Gardens Bureau announced the programme the first the full elevated cycleway.

The plan is to build the bike route under BRT from Hong-wen to the Huli high-tech industrial zone, the omnidistance is 7.6 km. Currently, the program is seeking comments. It has an independent right of the route, bike is no longer need to rob the lane. Motor vehicles, electric cars, pedestrians were strictly prohibited. 

tungsten heater

State Council Environmental Inspectors in Ganzhou Stimulates Tungsten Price

Tungsten products completely rose up since last week. It has lasted for over 10 days. Due to the acceptance and drive of tungsten raw material enterprise, jump in tungsten price appears unexpected, especially tungsten concentrate and APT. There are no prompt goods in the market at present. Quotation of APT is in a chaos due to the lack of tungsten concentrate and disorder of market.

The price of tungsten concentrate is approximately 70,000.00RMB/ton, APT is 110,000.00RMB/ton. However, small deal under high price is not representative, the whole market transition is negative. The sudden rising in price makes down stream enterprise confused and hesitate to buy.

Coincidentally, APT price in European market also rebounds. The quoted price is 180~190USD/ton, which rises about 5 dollars compared to last week. Price of ferro tungsten is around 24.3~25USD/ton, which rises about 0.15 dollars. Europe should be in its summer break, the price is intended to be stable. The flowing of the price this time is completely affected by China market.

APT and Environmental Protection

Another important factor is that state council environmental inspectors settled in Ganzhou last week forces some small APT metallurgy factory to shut down and rectification due to its unqualified environmental protection problems. It may last for one week or even a month. This causes the tungsten market even worse which it has already stays in a situation that manufacturers being reluctant to sell which causes lack of raw material in the market. The supply is getting more nervous and price rises even higher. It is obvious that environmental protection principle has already been an important theory that should be complied in every industry.

The poor demanding has always been the block for rise of tungsten price. However, the markup at present is the main trend. Although there may be risk, it is the challenge and opportunity as well.

Solar-Driven Organic Synthesis, WO3 Expected to Replace Traditional Thermal Catalytic Technology

After the report of Xiong Yujie ect. of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) designed the tungsten trioxide (WO3) defect state nanostructure, the reports about this great discovery is continued. This defective state of tungsten oxide nanostructures are prepared based on inorganic solid chemistry precise, with a crystal defect engineering, and it exhibits excellent catalytic performance under aerobic coupling a broad spectrum of lighting conditions, and achieves high hopes on the realizing of low energy consumption and cost of organic chemical technology.

tungsten trioxide and defect nanostructure
 
According to the introduction of Xiong Yujie, "This achievement is the result of cross cooperation of multidisciplinary", on the basis of catalyst design has made progress, the research group cooperated with many professors of their university, to clearly describe the oxygen vacancy defect states in overcoming metal tungsten oxide metal atom saturated ligand and a light absorbing narrow margin disadvantage by the theoretical simulation method, thus to in-depth understand its action mechanism. "It is based on this understanding, we are able to regulate through the crystal defect engineering solar energy to chemical energy conversion performance, and offer the possibility for the solar energy to replace the thermal energy organic synthesis, also it has an important role in promoting the light of rational design of catalytic material."
 
Conventional organic synthesis is achieved by relying on thermal catalytic technology, however, that process takes a tremendous amount of heat which often results in high cost, and also causes some pressures to environmental protection. 1983, the realization of the photocatalytic halogenated aromatic carboxyl synthesis reaction started the researching in photocatalysis of organic synthesis. Then, as the photocatalysis in organic synthesis has attracted more and more attention, the application of photocatalytic selective organic synthesis is also carried out in succession. Photocatalytic can cause a lot of attention in organic synthesis will thank to some of its significant potential. WO3 as a semiconductor photocatalyst has caused many concerned because of its mild reaction condition, low energy consumption, less secondary pollution and other advantages. In recent years, the photocatalytic properties of WO3 are in the ongoing research, especially WO3 ultrafine powder has broad prospects in catalytic field. The time, the discovery of defects tungsten trioxide nanostructure has undoubtedly added an important role on the expanding of WO3 in application of photocatalytic.

 

Will Apple be Next Nokia?

On July 7, Counterpoint Technology, a market research institute, released its research about smart phone market share of May. It showed that Apple only accounts for 10.8%, which is 1.2% decrease compared with May, 2015 and fell to fifth. On the contrast, China domestic smart phones, the four largest brands, Huawei, Vivo, Oppo and Xiaomi, have been increasing and the percentage is 53%. Among the data, Huawei ranked first with 17.3%, and Oppo 11% with a double going up.

Time goes back. In April, Apple released last quarter financial report. iPhone sales volume had declined as the first time in its sales history. So is its revenue, which is going down 13%, and 33% compared with the first quarter in 2015. After that, Apple promotes its iPhone SE with lower value of USD500.00, in order to interest the small screen users. No doubt, this type of iPhone has been the most obscure products of Apple these years. With a respect, it may run into the rural market. However, it may still lose with the competition of Vivo and Oppo. Even Citibank has lowered down its expectation of the third and fourth quarter financial report, and predicts that iPhone change time will last 30 to 36 months.

tungsten crucible and sapphire screen

After those not so good reports of Apple, will it be next Nokia? It may and may not. If iPhone can effectively grasp the chance of phone change time and increase its quality, including its broken sapphire screen, which is growing in tungsten crucible in thermal field, then it may change its unfavorable situation. Surely, China domestic brands are also improving their quality better and better, so that their competition ability will be stronger. In order to increase their screen quality, the crucible should be pure enough, which is over 99.95%, for assurance of the quality of sapphire. Chinatungsten has been producing tungsten crucible over 20 years, its purity and quality can meet the requirement of producing out high-quality sapphire. Then it could be a power to support the hard ware parts of phones.

 

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