China Allocated 17.2 Billion RMB to Govern Heavy Metal Pollution, Tungsten Trioxide Photocatalyst Enrichs Metal Ion

In June 14th, China State Council Information Office announced the "<National Human Rights Action Plan (2012-2015)> Implement assessment report", in the section of "environmental rights" it pointed out that:
1. China modified the Environmental Protection Act, which strengthen citizen's right to know, and perfect public interest litigation system, strengthen the system of accountability;
2. In the period of 6 years from 2010 to 2015, the central finance allocated 17.2 billion RMB to support the governing of heavy metal pollution, and achieved good results. Compared to 2007, in 2014, the national emissions of the focused five heavy metals which are lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium and metalloid of arsenic decreased by 20%; besides, heavy metal pollution incidents decreased from more than 10 cases per year of 2010 - 2011 on average to less than 3 cases of 2012-2015 the annual average;
3. The capacity of the water pollution treatment has been enhanced;
4. Air pollution governing intensified.
 
The original meaning of heavy metal refers to the metal which the specific weight is greater than 5 (The metal with density greater than 4.5 grams per cubic centimeter), including gold, silver, copper, iron and lead ect.. Heavy metal pollution refers to the environmental pollution caused by the heavy metals or their compounds, mainly caused by human factors mining, emissions, waste water for irrigation and use of heavy metals exceeded products. The heavy metal discharged with wastewater, although the concentration is very small, it can accumulate in sediments and algae, adsorbed on the surface of fish and shellfish, thus to generate food chain concentrated and become a public disaster.

photocatalyst water purification and heavy metal pollution
 
Photocatalyst can well solve the problem of chromium, mercury, lead, cadmium and other metal ions pollution. Its photocatalytic reduction can be divided into three types:
1. Photocatalytic reduction to remove toxic metal ions;
2. Photocatalytic deposition to recover precious metals;
3. Photocatalytic deposition to load metal, thus to improve activity of photocatalyst.
 
Tungsten trioxide is a photocatalyst with excellent performance, which responses to visible light, rather than only rely on ultraviolet light. Tungsten trioxide photocatalyst has a strong adsorption for metal ions, furthermore, with the light intensity increasing, the precipitation of metal ions accelerated noticeably. In addition, the outstanding advantage of photocatalytic reaction like tungsten trioxide photocatalyst is that it can be applied into a very dilute solution, to play a role of potently concentrating metal ions. Meanwhile, as a catalyst, it does not consume itself, and can be put into use after the separation of metal through an appropriate process.

 

Ninth Shanghai International Water Exhibition Grand Opening, Tungsten Trioxide Photocatalyst as Magical Water Treatment Weapon

June 15th to 17th, 2016, the ninth ECOTECHCHINA Shanghai International Environmental Protection Exhibition will hold at the National Exhibition Center (Shanghai). The exhibition presents for the audience from municipal and industrial water treatment to the civilian latest technologies and solutions, to include5 major environmental content of "water treatment", "Solid waste gas", "Air New Wind", "pump control valve", "building water", etc.. Wherein, the carried out of AQUATECH CHINA International Water Exhibition Shanghai is always known as "the world's largest environmental exhibition industry platform". As we all know, in today's China and the deterioration of water quality and surface water showed a rising trend, the Chinese government attaches great importance to water pollution control. The Shanghai International Water Exhibition is not just a trade show, its proposed of the importance of water management relating in future of mankind.

tungsten trioxide and shanghai international water exhibition
 
The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization estimated that in 2025, 2.8 billion people in the world will be lacking of drinking water. For this reason, in 2015, Japan had developed a new photocatalytic purification technology, which is expected to solve the problem of thirsty of world's 2.8 billion people. The representatively conventional photocatalyst is titanium dioxide; the technology is already quite mature. However, since the titanium dioxide responds only to ultraviolet light, its application restricted to some extent. 
 
Tungsten trioxide not only has a good performance of excellent catalytic hydrogenation deoxygenation, oxidation, etc., but also has the excellent properties of photochromic and gas sensitivity. The inorganic pollutants which photocatalytic can degrade including: nitrate radical, sulfite root, sulfur dioxide, NO and so on. The study found that the tungsten trioxide photocatalyst has ideal catalytic degradation on the wastewater which contains sulfite root, sulfur ions, iodine ions and nitrate radical. In addition, the tungsten trioxide photocatalyst can also solve the pollutions of metal ions like chromium, mercury, and lead, to achieve the effect of purifying water quality. Therefore, tungsten trioxide photocatalyst becomes a “Magical Weapon” for handling polluted water, since then, Water Girl would have been "Excessive Magnificence washed".

 

China Tungsten Industry Association Held Bureau Meetings in Chaozhou

In June 7, 2016, China Tungsten Industry Association, the sixth of nine Bureau meetings held in Chaozhou. The meeting analyzed the current tungsten market situation and reached consensus on stable market. Besides, the meeting examined and adopted the China Tungsten Industry 13th Five Years Plan and other relevant resolutions. The meeting was chaired by the vice president, executive chairman, the party committee secretary of Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd. Zhuang Zhigang.

China State Department counselor, president of the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association and China Tungsten Industry Association, Chen Quan Xun attended the meeting and made a speech. He stressed that the members of the Bureau should play a leading role for stable tungsten market, they should enhance communication, unity, play attention to the interest of the whole, joint efforts to control market risks, resist the vicious competition, and maintain market running. He said that this year, the external environment for non-ferrous metal industry development is still very complicated, so we should correctly understand the current situation and grasp any chance for increasing scientific and technological innovation, promoting industrial upgrading. He asked CTIA (China Tungsten Industry Association) should strengthen self-discipline and in-depth research firmly the principal contradiction and hot issues of tungsten industry. Besides, they should operate innovation activities for government, industries and enterprises development. The first Secretary-General Liu Liangxian introduced the tungsten industry economic performance of this year and the china tungsten industry 13th five years development plan (draft).

The meeting considered the resolution of council member adjustment. The meeting agreed Lianpingxian zhujiang kuangye co., Ltd. general manager Ma Songgui to succeed Zhang Zheng, Wendeng, Wendeng Zhengxing Tungsten Industry Co. chairman Gong Shaohua to succeed Liu Yuxin, and Ganzhou Gannan Tungsten Industry Co., Ltd. general manager Zhu Bo to succeed Qi Shen.

The meeting also considered the resolution of development members and the withdrawal the membership and agreed to develop Ganzhou Haichuang Tungsten Industry Co., Ltd., Comin Ganzhou Nonferrous Metal Materials Co., Ltd. as member of the CTIA, respectively anchored smelting branch. On the other hand, there are three companies want to withdraw the membership, including Zhuzhou Lizhou Cemented Carbide Co., Ltd., Changsha Huaxin alloy Electric Engineering Co., Ltd., Shanghai tool works Co., Ltd.. Further, the meeting also approved the China tungsten industry 13th five years development plan.

The meeting discussed the tungsten industry current situation and exchanges the market information. The participants agreed that this year the tungsten concentrate production will significant decrease and the companies who produced tungsten finished products inventories remain at low level. Besides, the end demand overall is getting better. After the meeting, many tungsten companies agree to strengthen coordination and communication, to prevent and control common risk, and continue to take control of production, reducing production, reducing sales, increase business purchase and storage and other measures for tungsten market healthy and stable development.

During the meeting, Guangdong, Chaozhou, Secretary of municipal party committee Li Shuihua met with CTIA chairman Chen Quanxuan and other representatives participating in the conference. Li Shuihua introduced Chaozhou economic and social development situation, hoping China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association can play an important role for industry stable development, providing advanced resources and information and as a bridge for industry member to communication. In addition, in industrial level, technology introduction, marketing and other aspects it can give Chaozhou non-ferrous metals industry more help. Chen Quanxun said that in recent years Chaozhou has made great achievements in accelerating urban development, promoting industrial restructuring and upgrading and other fields. China non-ferrous metal industry should better learn from the advanced experience of the all around the country, focusing on strengthening concept innovation and technological innovation, promoting recycling of resources for industry development to break a new path. CTIA and non-ferrous Tungsten Industry Association will serve as a bridge to promote associations and related enterprises to strengthen the cooperation with the Chaozhou, to promote Chaozhou economic development.

Tungsten market: many manufactures of tungsten finished products willing to hold the price of tungsten finished products at the high level to make tungsten market health and stable development, but the price does not rise and the market doesn’t recovery; tungsten raw materials and tungsten finished products price continues to fall down slight and many buyer want to wait for market recover, so the transaction activity is low.

Rare Earth Market: in this week the rare earth market is running smoothly, many businesses continue to wait and there is not significant adjustment on rare earth price. Many manufacturers expected that the State Reserve Bureau plan will make the price go up, so they reluctant to sale the product at low price. Besides, the finished product manufacturers have low willing for stock up. The market is unstable, so many buyers can not make a decision for purchasing and still want to wait and see until the market is clear.

China Tungsten Industry Association

 

 

Beijing Introduced Low Nitrogen Transformation Subsidy, Tungsten Trioxide Denitration Catalyst Boosts Emission Reduction

June 4, approved by the Beijing Municipal Government, Environmental Protection Bureau, Finance Bureau, Quality and Technical Supervision of Beijing Municipal jointly issued the "Beijing Gas (oil) boiler low nitrogen transformation instead the subsidy of reward funding management rule"(hereinafter referred to as the" Rules "), which subsidizes the gas (oil) boiler low nitrogen transformation project, helps to further reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides, promotes the implementation of the clean air action plan to accelerate the improvement of air quality.

denitrification system and tungsten trioxide
 
Atmospheric pollution is mainly coming from the emissions and life pollution emissions which brought out from rigid demand of running city. The key of the air pollution control is nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds and coal-fired (VOC). Reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides is an urgent need and the only way to improve air quality, while the low nitrogen transformation is a hard task for the implementation of new air pollution emission standards for boilers. In recent years, selective catalytic reduction flue gas denitrification technology (SCR) developed rapidly, and has been widely used in Europe and Japan; currently, the flue gas catalytic reduction denitration technology is the most widely used.
 
At present, the popular SCR processes worldwide are two kinds of SCR of ammonia and urea method. Both methods are occurred under the presence of a catalyst, and finally reduce the NOx into harmless nitrogen and water. The denitration catalyst is a core part of the SCR system, generally takes titanium dioxide as a carrier, vanadium pentoxide as the main active material, tungsten trioxide as a co-agent. Tungsten trioxide plays the roles not only anti-sulfide and anti-toxic in the denitration catalyst, but also enhances anti-sintering ability of the carrier itself, thus its importance is obviously.
 
Beijing introduced the "Rule" will not only stimulate the city's passion for denitrification transformation, but also established a benchmark in the provinces, then, the air quality will be greatly improved.

 

Nano Tungsten Carbide Has Some Difficulties in Industrialization

Compared with tungsten carbide material with common grains (micron scale), nano-crystalline tungsten carbide has remarkable improvements in density, hardness, fracture toughness and wear resistance, etc. This is due to the grain size reaches nano scale, the volume of the grain decreases, the specific surface area becomes larger, the arrangement of atoms on the interface relative out of order, it will immigrate easily under deformation external interference and the material shows excellent toughness and ductility. Especially in nano tungsten carbide cutting tools, nano-scale microstructure phase due to the size effect, the grain boundary area increases, anti-crack propagation resistance improved, which is beneficial for obtaining excellent mechanical properties and machinability.

However, since the difficulties in manufacturing process, higher cost and nano grains grow easily in the process of sintering, tungsten carbide less than 100nm can not reach the level of industrial production. So the researchers have found that add nano grains in tungsten carbide matrix with fine grains, it can effectively improve the hardness and toughness of the matrix materials. Now the enterprises use nano composite reinforced method to improve the properties of tungsten carbide material with fine grains. The principle of nano tungsten carbide composite strengthening mechanism is nano grain dispersed in the matrix has dispersed toughening effect. When added to a high elastic modulus of the matrix material in the second phase particles (nano particles), these particles in the matrix material by stretching action will prevent the transverse cross-section contraction, but to achieve the same substrate transverse shrinkage, the increase in the large longitudinal tensile stress, so that the material can consume more energy, toughening effect works. At the same time, high modulus particles crack can act as a "pinning" effect, so that the crack deflection, deviation, thereby dissipating power forward crack, so the toughening effect works. In addition, the dispersed nano grains in tungsten carbide matrix can inhibit the growth of carbide grains during the sintering process and greatly improve the mechanical properties of tungsten carbide materials.

nano tungsten carbide mills

 

 

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