RE market deserted on the first day after the holiday , businesses wait and see attitude based , offer no positive or stable pricing. After some businesses now understand the quote before the holiday is still a continuation of the main trading varieties of lanthanum, cerium , praseodymium class , europium, terbium aspects turnover is less than normal , before the bullish europium, terbium oxide merchants stocking outlook reflect still more now shipping difficult. Today, the rare earth market traders dysprosium oxide, terbium slightly inquiry , according to the Baotou Rare Earth Stock Exchange listed market prices show that today terbium oxide, dysprosium price volatility is relatively large, as of 14:00 today , terbium oxide stock listing Quotes of 4255 yuan / kg , volume more than 100 kg . Dysprosium oxide , compared with 2,240 yuan / kg , volume 110 kg .


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As the first rare earth producer and exporter country, but the development of China's rare earth market was chaotic . Overcapacity in the domestic rare earth mining is very serious , serious waste of resources and ecological damage. Disorderly competition makes the "industrial gold" has sold rare earth became " cabbage price ." And with this in stark contrast to the United States, Australia and other countries extremely rare earth resources , but their limitations and stop the exploitation of rare earth in favor of imports from China .

Zhang Anwen , deputy secretary general of China Society of Rare Earths on , frankly, the WTO ruled against the appeal and China's rare earth export quota system is " beyond the expected, makes sense ."

Back in 2001 the accession negotiations for accession to the WTO, China as promised , within the prescribed period to cancel the export most of the products exported annually 2009-2015 clearly no more than 35,000 tons of rare earth . 2010 , fell to 30,258 tons of export quotas beginning .

Zhang Anwen said to heavy rare earth mining in southern China as an example: In order to get 10,000 tons of heavy rare earth oxides, 100 square kilometers of vegetation will result in the destruction consideration shocking. " Our pay and unequal access to a serious imbalance . " Zhang Anwen respect, protection of resources and the environment and regulate industrial order , it is the policy of our government to implement protective measures against the rare earth industry in mind.

"Although China's rare earth export quota system eventually sentenced violations, but after a full defense and the burden of proof , WTO Expert Group endorsed the policy objective for China is still protecting the environment, resources and sustainable development needs , in line with the special nature of WTO rules . " Zhang Anwen said .

industry long-standing "cabbage price" behind

A series of policy measures to effectively regulate the market of China's rare earth industry . China Rare Earth has changed in the international market, " cabbage price of gold to sell ," the status quo. But for China's cheap rare earth consumption habits of foreign companies, whose interests suffer.

Earlier, assistant to the president of China Minmetals Mr Wang said in an interview that in the past China's rare earth industry are selling raw materials, do not pay attention to the back-end applications. 1 dollar of rare earth materials , we roughing up to sell 10 yuan , 20 yuan , to the U.S. and Europe made ​​product, we will spend 1,000 yuan to buy it back.

" Why should we sell cheaper to buy when they so expensive ? " Zhang Anwen on frankly, behind the kinds of rare earth industrial development in many long-standing presence .

Zhang Anwen said China 's rare earth industry , is one of the few industries with certain international competitiveness . In support of the state policy , entirely on its own resources and technical capabilities to achieve from rare earth mining , smelting, to environmental protection, good development .

However, China is a " rare big country" , they are not "rare earth power ." Rare earth industry itself has a very prominent issue, focus on performance in five areas . First, the rare earth mining , smelting production overcapacity serious , rare earth oxides capacity and output ratio of about 3.2 , much higher than steel, cement overcapacity excess coefficient industry ; Second, under Gregory driven by high prices and mining and smelting separation, environmental pollution and ecological damage costly ; third , private mining digging , serious cases of smuggling of rare earth , rare earth prices under long-term impact of non- market factors ; fourth , industry concentration is not enough ; fifth, China's rare earth downstream industries development is weak , the situation in the " nuclear high base " and the kinds of applications of rare earth materials more serious .

Rare earth prices Governance secure first

If the complainant is still not ideal situation , China will have to amend the related export restrictions , which will have a greater impact on the rare earth industry ?

" RE game depends largely on the price . " Zhang Anwen on said that in the short term, the rare earth market may form a certain degree of price volatility . The large fluctuations in the price of rare earth products for the downstream industry chain development is not the gospel.

"fear of rare earth price spike . " Shenzhen Tianli and Magnetic Industry Co., Ltd. Marketing Department is responsible for people , said the company set up in Ganzhou NdFeB production base, in rare metals processing, production of NdFeB, magnetic buttons , and other magnetic products. 2011 to 2012 , a roller coaster -like rare earth raw material price changes , so that the whole industry enterprises to withstand a lot of pressure . As the rare earth raw materials skyrocketing , even smaller than the profits of deep processing of raw materials mining profits. Rare earth materials soaring overnight over a lot of people are doing magnetic materials, has nothing to do with the rare people who started in this industry , and now serious excess capacity many companies have cut production and protect the price . The demand side of enterprises turn to look for other alternative materials , magnetic materials applications hit the market .

" Rare earth prices , the first rule secure . " Zhang Anwen on the said industrial development is the most taboo volatility in raw material prices , the further development of rare earth downstream industries, promote the application of rare earth material harm than benefit . Should establish a relatively stable price formation mechanism of rare earth products , to provide a stable environment for the enterprise market enterprises downstream applications .

2013 onwards, China Rare Earth Industry Association has released the rare earth industry price index in the form of the price range from the industry 's 25 most representative sample of companies forming daily trading price statistics . Maintenance industry run by the price index , the impact of inhibiting capital speculation .

Zhang Anwen also reminded enterprises, foreign rare earth development and utilization of international environmental concern. United States , Australia, India and Russia have a wealth of rare earth resources, in 2013 , Greenland abolished the ban on uranium mining and rare earth mine , allowing domestic and foreign mining companies exploiting mineral resources in its territory in the Arctic . This means that in the future , in the world or the formation of diversified international rare earth supply system.


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Resources division of finance rights director Wang Feng rate expert group group 6 people, in Xunwu County, Wenfeng Xiang Shi Pai waste rare earth mine geological environment management demonstration project (2012— 2013) project verification carried out a rigorous assessment of the. The provincial land resources department deputy director Xiang Changpei, the Provincial Department of land and resources and the Ganzhou city mine authority, Xunwu county Party committee, government leaders accompanied by verification.

Check group group listened carefully to the government of Xunwu County of Wenfeng Xiang Shi Pai waste rare earth mine geological environment management demonstration project (2012— 2013) reports on the construction, and then to the stone row waste rare earth mine geological environment governance demonstration project construction site to inspect the construction progress of the project. The verification group by viewing the engineering project, approval, bidding and the financial funds, the construction of the relevant materials carefully. On the construction of demonstration project fully affirmed. For the next step of the work, the verification team stressed, to further speed up the construction progress, strengthen supervision, to ensure the construction quality and quantity to complete; two to around “ overall planning, overall design, step by step implementation of ” twelve characters to make the article; three, to further increase the intensity of work, in the completion of the project construction, to plan as a whole to (2013--2014) planning project, must strive to improve the technical level of planning and design, improving design efficiency, increase investment, technology leadership, personnel; four to further highlight the geological environment of this theme, conscientiously do a good job of overall construction of geological environment management, environmental construction, park, realize the organic combination and demonstration project construction.

Xunwu county magistrate Yang Yongfei said, in the face of (2012— 2014) the three phase of the project, time is tight, heavy task, pressure, we will give the power of the county, and strive to build the project become the demonstration engineering, quality engineering.


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World Trade Organization (WTO) panel report released in late March about Chinese exports of rare earths dispute , ruled export tariffs on Chinese rare earths, tungsten, molybdenum related products taken quota management measures violate WTO regulations. April 25 , China's appeal documents submitted direction as the respondent WTO Appellate Body (Appellate Body).

Despite appeals express our attitude and position on the case , but insiders said " the likelihood of a successful appeal of the Chinese side is very small ," but behind this trade dispute "tug of war " , and has exposed a deeper maybe the problem is more worthy of our reflection.

"As a high-tech industry essential raw materials , rare earth has ' industrial vitamins ' said. " Deputy Secretary-General of China Rare Earth Society陈占恒in an interview with Technology Daily Reporter interview , said," This is why a number of countries and regions in the United States, Europe, Japan and other so concerned about the problem of rare earth export quotas and tariffs . "

According to Chen Zhanheng introduction , rare earth is widely used in wind power, electric cars, computers , smart phones , aerospace, defense industry and other manufacturing . Our country is currently the world 's largest rare earth refining , processing and exporting countries . " Prior to this , the United States is the world's largest supplier of rare earths , accounting for over 50 % of the world , such a state until 2002 . 1990s , China began mining rare earths. A few years ago China's rare earth supply was 95% -97 % of global supply, has declined in recent years , because now other countries are also produced . "He said," When the United States declared in 2002 because of environmental and pollution problems turn off the rare earth production , but in fact, there is a very important reason , and China is its rare earth prices are not competitive compared to our prices too cheap . "

This period was the oversupply of China's rare earth market , many investors blindly flock of rare earth industry , resulting in domestic and international market situation was the emergence of low-cost sales . "We must strengthen control of the front scale mining , metallurgy strictly prohibited investment into the separation , including new materials , because these areas have varying degrees of overcapacity. But also increase the ecological restoration , pollution control efforts . " Chen Zhanheng said.

Cause of China's rare earth prices was "too cheap" , was developed because of China 's own intellectual property rights of "rare earth smelting and separation technology " significantly improves the rare earth smelting separation efficiency. "This technology was born in the 1980s, although the technology itself is a good thing , but at that time our patent awareness has not been so strong, and there is no transfer of intellectual property protection everywhere , technicians learn and to go elsewhere factories, technically There is no limit , causing overcapacity . " Chen Zhanheng said," a sophisticated material , and it was sold into ' cabbage price ', so not only domestic , but also affected the foreign rare earth market . "

" Since 2010 , rare earth prices gradually rise, U.S. companies feel that there is room for profit , of course, there are the strategic needs of the United States itself rare , so rare earth production resumed . " Chen Zhanheng said.

He told reporters: " China began to implement a quota policy in 1999 is to regulate the export of rare earth products of domestic enterprises order, rather than to restrict exports , because we give a quota has been higher than the actual volume of exports has never run before. "In the rare case of a dispute , the Commerce Department also made ​​it clear that : For the Panel finds that China's export duties involved in the product, export quotas and export quota management and allocation measures are inconsistent with WTO rules and China's commitments on joining the WTO , China was sorry.

China believes that under increasingly severe pressure on resources and the environment , the Chinese government in recent years to strengthen and improve the high pollution, high energy consumption of the integrated management of resource products , "These management measures in line with WTO advocates sustainable development goals & rdquo ; .

In addition to the problems of the industry itself , the level of international negotiations and legal construction of China 's rare earth dispute case also exposed the short board . According to the mandatory provisions of WTO rules , WTO member states governments and their administrative actions bound to accept the norms and rules of the WTO , and through the Trade Policy Review Mechanism and accept the strict supervision of the dispute settlement mechanism of the WTO and its members . "So , the WTO requires improve our administrative law system , the rule of law requires the government administration , government affairs public, administrative procedures. The development and improvement of administrative law to join WTO with China is closely related to the ability to obtain the desired effect . " relevant sector experts told reporters , " Since China's WTO accession , we have been standardized and improve their own legal system, this dispute has also exposed the case of international trade rules we use short board , these are the places we need to make up . "

In this regard, China WTO Research Association has publicly said He Weiwen , a few years ago to a rare dispute he had expected would happen . He said: " We set up rare earth export quotas and export taxes in order to protect resources and the environment , this is still compliant . But the problem is in the domestic market is not similar to the consumption of rare earth products and prices sophisticated management practices, thus creating inequality both inside and outside . "


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Recently, the Fujian province Longyan City Liancheng County Court according to law, with the destruction of mineral resources negligence case verdict. A village of Xi Zhen Ju hang Cun, Liancheng County leaders Liao Mousheng and village cadres Wu Mouxi during his tenure, knowing that others in the village of illegal mining rare earth, neither inspections, investigations, to stop illegal mining of rare earth, also not timely to the superior or the related departments to truthfully report. In 2012 February, Longyan city departments masses report, of illegal mining point of destroying the ban. After identification, which caused the destruction of resources value reached 16261500 yuan.

The court trial think, Liao Mousheng, Wu Mouxi served in Hang Village Leaders and village cadres, serious dereliction of duty caused great damage to national interests, if the circumstances are especially serious, which constituted the crime be forgetful of one's duties. In view of the two defendants have surrendered plot, and in accordance with the law were sentenced to imprisonment for two years and six months suspended for three years, three years and four years of probation.


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Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology to the provinces , autonomous regions and municipalities and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, issued a rare earth in 2014 eliminated 16 industries backward production capacity target task . 2014 National eliminate backward production capacity goals and tasks as follows: 19 million tons of iron , steel 28.7 million tons , 12 million tons of coke , ferroalloy 2.343 million tons , 1.7 million tons of calcium carbide , electrolytic aluminum and 420,000 tons , 512,000 tons of copper smelting , lead smelting 115,000 tons of cement ( clinker and grinding ) 50.5 million tons , 35 million weight boxes of flat glass , paper and 2.65 million tons , 3.6 million standard sheets tanning , dyeing 1.084 billion meters , fiber 30,000 tons , lead-acid batteries ( pole board and assembly ) 23,600,000 kVA , rare earth ( oxide ) 102,400 tons .


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National Committee of rare earth standard technology recently held a meeting to discuss and approve ", rare earth products" designation for 18 rare earth industry standard. In 18 standard, europium oxide 3 product standards by Baotou Steel Rare Earth and rare earth as the main drafting unit for examination, examination and discussion of the first part; analysis method of rare earth phosphor chemical waste 1 methods: "standard" determination of total rare earth oxides by rare earth as the main drafting units of rare earth products; "designation for" standard by Baotou Steel Rare Earth some subsidiary companies as the second "participated in the validation. The meeting also on 2014 to 2015 rare standard project plan argumentation, rare earth and the HydroGen Corporation proposed 7 industry standards recommend method.


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Recently, in the WTO (WTO) issued a report of the expert group on the export of rare earth China dispute about a month later, the respondent China to WTO Appellate Body filed appeal documents. According to the WTO Appellate Body last Friday published documents, the expert group report more than 170 paragraphs to the contrary, that report misinterpreted WTO rules and China WTO documents, and demands the appellate body rejected the Chinese &ldquo expert group report; export quota & rdquo; illegal ruling.

In recent years, Chinese government for Protect environment as well as domestic exhaustible resources of successively promulgated a series of restrictions on raw materials such as rare earths exports measures, this caused the beauty, European countries and Japan, as the rare earth as strategic resource and long-term China imported from traditional “ major ” discontent. But in fact, Chinese have rare earth resources are not abundant, but the country has been the most rare earth export all over the world.

With the rapid development of high-tech industry, the rapid growth of global demand and consumption amount of rare earth. Rare earth resources are non renewable resources, because of years of plenty, disordered mining, rare earth resources China's on the verge of exhaustion. On the other hand, the effect of rare earth production, machining process on the ecological environment of the mining giant, caused by environmental pollution is serious. Therefore, to a certain extent, rare earth export restrictions will help to curb the momentum of the China rare earth mining, consistent with sustainable development policy objectives.

Over the past 20 years the global rare earth supply 90% from China. Single in terms of trade, China's exports of rare earths to importer use enterprise caused adverse effects. On the one hand, the export tax to foreign importers and domestic rare earth enterprise face different prices. On the other hand, the export quota in the rare earth international market in short supply, increase the cost of importing enterprises.

After losing China cancel rare earth quotas, tariff cuts, rare earth export gate opening, opened a new round of enterprise reshuffle prelude. On the one hand, within a period of time, the overall price of rare earth products of all kinds will decline further, which will directly lead to the closure of small and medium enterprises out or be part of M & A; on the other hand, for reasons of environmental protection, the government will in the early stimulation industry consolidation basis, accelerate the Group restructuring process.

Department of Commerce International Trade and Economic Cooperation Research Institute researcher Jin Baisong said, there is not enough Chinese system introduced such problems in rare earths, needs further reform. China as a big trading country in the world, should establish a positive image, to the maintenance of international rules, international responsibility to maintain a clear understanding, act in accordance with international rules. The current our country to build a rare earth &ldquo defense security, economic security based on strategic resources management system; ”, and this must be a and international rules, is in line with the rules of the World Trade Organization system.

Golden cypress pine on “ &rdquo strategic resources management system; to do a further explanation. He said, this is a set including export control, strategic resources of enterprise storage, centralized mining, smelting, refining, high-tech materials development and industrial manufacturing, building sales market order, the establishment of a global market trading center, denominated in Renminbi, execute 24 hours of spot and futures trading, carry out the administrative examination and approval procedures, the distinction of international cooperation partner hierarchy. Establish and perfect the system, not only can protect and make good use of our precious resources, the development of domestic high-tech materials industry, as an important industry in the future development of China's military to leave some leeway, but also with the United States, Japan, Europe and other established equivalence, flexible, distinguish the relations of cooperation.


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Recently, Ganzhou city mine pipe bureau deputy director Xu Xinfeng led the rare earth mining order rectification and supervision of special operations &ldquo ” look back; the inspection group to check the five county of Anyuan rare earth mining order regulation.

Supervision inspection team and his party first came to the illegal mining point of view after rectification, and a sample of rare earth separation of enterprise — Anyuan Mingda company, in the company informed listened carefully to the person in charge of the company on the production of the report, and carefully check the related materials. Inspection team to Anyuan County in the rare earth mining order rectification and regulation of &ldquo ” look back; to take special action measures and achievements to be sure. At the same time stressed, must treasure be not easily won the rectification results, continue to strengthen the supervision of rare earth mining order.


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At present, the Bureau has 6 major rare earth group signed the agreement in the end of the month, rare earth and rare earth, and is expected to rise again. In addition, the National Standard Committee of rare earth technology recently held a meeting to discuss and approve, the "rare earth product designation for" 18 rare earth industry standard. With the establishment of six rare earth group, the new pricing mechanism of rare earth is expected to break.

From the historical data, 1 to February is the off-season demand for rare earths, 3 to May exports of rare earth metals were usually have the obvious growth. If the recent national Shouchu plans to gradually implement, then the rare earth price corresponds to the stage at the bottom. Industry optimistic market outlook is expected to domestic rare earth prices upward, next quarter price increase is expected to reach about 15%.


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