Fossil fuels as the major energy source had contributed to the rapid development of human society. At the same time, the green house gases such as CO2 and NH4 had brought the global warning, climate change, and many other issues. Combustion of most fuels, such as coal, oil, natural gas and biomass etc, results in emission of NOx, which is harmful to our environment creating acid rain and photochemical smog.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is considered as one of the cleanest, most efficient, and sustainable routes for the production of hydrogen (H2) and an ideal solution for future energy demands. Metal oxide semiconductors are known to be suitable materials for PEC water splitting as they are inexpensive and very stable in aqueous solutions. Moreover, reaching high PEC water splitting efficiency via metal oxide semiconductors is not easy.

Currently the increasing haze weather in China has attracted high attention on environmental pollution. To control environmental pollution, it is necessary to control the emission of pollutants from motor vehicles. The key is to reduce the content of sulfur and make the desulfurization. At present, more than 95% of refineries in the world use molybdenum-based catalysts for desulfurization, which has the characteristic of high direct desulfurization activity and low hydrogen consumption. The common catalysts are cobalt-molybdenum catalysts and nickel-molybdenum catalysts.

The shape of molybdenum-based catalyst is flake or small ball with the size of 1.2~2.5mm, the color is dark blue, the density is 0.86~1.0g/cm3. It has high activity, good stability, high strength, long life and good sulfur resistance. The producer does not need to spend a lot of money to make deep desulfurization process, so the catalyst will have good economic prospects.

The production method of the catalyst is as follows:

1.0 First puts the required materials including active aluminum oxide powder, deionized water, nitric acid and extruding aid into the kneading machine, fully kneads them, and then extrudes them into the extruding machine.

2.0 Dry and calcine the above mentioned molding materials, the strip shaped alumina carrier is prepared.

3.0 Add cocatalyst, start to prepare Co Mo or Ni Mo aqueous solution according to the formula, and then impregnate or spray the added strip alumina.

4.0 Drain, dry and clacine the product mentioned in 3.0, and then Co Mo hydrodesulfurization catalyst is prepared..

The The catalyst is widely used and has various types, which plays an important role in the field. It is quite suitable for petrochemical and chemical industries. It is often used in petroleum hydrorefining, hydrodenitrogenation or the preparation of acrylic acid and crotonic acid. The catalyst is used in low-carbon industry and falls in green technology. The catalyst market in developing countries such as China will grow rapidly in future and occupy the main position in the catalyst market.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is known as the "king of lubrication" and has unique advantages in the lubrication field. It has a layered structure and still keeps good lubrication property under severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, high rotation, and ultra-low temperature. MoS2 is a kind of natural excellent solid lubricant because of its low friction coefficient with only 0.05. It also has excellent properties such as natural weak alkalinity and excellent anti-oxidation ability, which is used in the aviation field and can extend the mileage of engine oil.

What’s the property of MoS2? It is a kind of black solid powder with metallic luster and the  melting point is as high as 1185℃. The chemical and thermal stability are good and the Mohs hardness ranges from 1.0 to 1.5. The initial decomposition temperature is 1370℃when it reaches 1600℃, it decomposes into metal molybdenum and sulfur. MoS2 is insoluble in water, dilute acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, generally insoluble in other acids, alkalis, and organic solvents, but soluble in aqua regia and boiling concentrated sulfuric acid.

The basic material of molybdenum disulfide lubricant is made of ultra-fine MoS2. When the lubricant is used on the metal surface, a dry film will be shaped quickly on the surface to make the protective film on the surface of metal parts, which can resist high temperature, strong pressure, tenacity, and parts are not easy to wear, burn and bite.

MoS2 can be used for lubrication in many situations, some examples are as follows:

1.0 As the parts such as slide rails for cabinets or drawers, guide rails for elevators and bearings for motors etc. bear high pressure under high load, they need lubricant to reduce friction and prolong service life.

2.0 In the process of material machining, the material needs to be punched, stamped, etc., and lubricant needs to be applied to minimize the friction between the mold and the plate, then produce finished product meeting the requirements, which can prevent rust on the surface of the material.

3.0 In some extreme environments, it is easy for fasteners and threads to slip or bite during assembly. It is necessary to use lubricant to reduce friction, avoid parts sticking and prevent rust.

There are three types of cemented carbide with wide application. It is a kind of alloy material made by hard compound of refractory metal and bonding metal through powder metallurgy technology. It has excellent properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Especially, its high hardness and wear resistance remain basically unchanged even at 500℃and still have a very high hardness at 1000℃.

Ultrafine grain tungsten carbide is a kind of cemented carbide made up of tungsten carbide (or other carbide) powder less than 0.3µm and cobalt bonded phase. With the decrease of WC grain size, the toughness and hardness of the cemented carbide can be improved. Because the WC grains become smaller, the high dispersion of the cobalt bonded phase is increased, and the WC grains are more evenly dispersed among the cobalt bonded phases. The hardness at high temperature and compressive strength at room temperature also increase correspondingly. There are many methods to prepare ultrafine grain tungsten carbide using raw WC powder, among which the preparation methods using tungsten oxide as raw materials mainly include carbothermic reduction method and hydrogen reduction method.