WO3 May Be Catalyst of Black Tech Fuel Cell

SOFC systemRecently, Nissan release the automobile solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC): vehicles which equipped with solid oxide fuel cells will use bio-ethanol rather than the liquid hydrogen. Produce ethanol reformer hydrogen combines with oxygen in the air in a fuel cell to produce electricity, then discharging water. According to the source, this system is more efficient than the existing hydrogen fuel cell system, which the recharge mileage can reach about 600 km. what kind of black tech is SOFC?SOFC is the third generation of the fuel cell, a solid-state chemical mean which direct converted efficiently and environmentally friendly the chemical energy which is stored in the fuel and oxidizer to electric energy at high temperature, a fuel cell which is considered to be widely applied as the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) in the future.
 
SOFC does not require expensive platinum as a catalyst with both the anode and cathode materials are oxides. WO3 is a semiconductor-type transition metal oxide, to maintain stability in an acidic environment, also form catalytic effect together with the noble metal, as carrier it can partial substitute carbon to prepared composite catalyst which has been extensively studied. We guess that perhaps WO3 catalysts can be used in SOFC. The work environment of fuel cells has the properties of high voltage, humidity and low pH values, thus requiring an electrode material has good corrosion resistance. Pt / WO3 / C being the most studied of the fuel cell catalyst, the experimental results showed that the addition of WO3 in the catalyst will bring the significant improvement of oxidation catalytic activity and electrochemical oxidation stability; the same time, most of the fuel cells take methanol, ethanol as the energy source and thus there is inevitable to generate amount of CO in the reaction process, while the addition of WO3 in the catalyst of the CO stripping experiment found that Pt / WO3 / C exhibited good CO oxidation, that is, it has good resistance CO poisoning ability.

 

Tungsten Concentrate Price Unexpected Goes Up

Tungsten ConcentrateTungsten Concentrate

Since the price of tungsten concentrate and ammonium paratungstate hit the bottom of 60,000RMB/ton, it stoped falling and went up slightly last week. The change in market is faster than expected, for most enterprises thought the market will turn better at the end of August.

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Tungsten Carbide Business Hit By Oil&Gas Malaise

The full-year profits took a hit from the on-going malaise in the Oil&Gas sector, although management sounded an optimistic note on the potential of its products, including graphene.
The advanced engineering materials group recorded losses before tax of £1.8m, up from £0.9m in 2015.
Revenues declined 10% from £4.98m to £4.4m, with improved sales at its thermal products arm failing to offset a drop in Hard Wear products unit.
Its tungsten carbide business took a hit from the downturn in the oil and gas sector, reporting sales for the year to end March of £3.1mln compared to £4.6mln in 2015, but it said all three of its divisions, hardware, thermal and graphene, had made progress.

Sales at the former, which manufactures microporous copper foam, improved from £0.4m to £1.3m, benefitting from the purchase of its heat sink business in February 2015.
In parallel, Hard Wear product sales were hit by the adverse environment in the oil and gas market, although new opportunities were emerging in defence and aerospace, the company said in a statement.
The unit makes sintered tungsten carbide business for "arduous environment" applications, primarily in Oil&Gas.
Since the end of the reporting period, the company had closed four partnerships to introduce its grapheme products into four key markets: batteries, carbon fibre products and enhanced composites for 3D printing and the aerospace industry.
It had also negotiated its first OEM contract for the use of low profile copper foam heat sinks in consumer devices.

Cash at period end was down from £3.5m one year ago to £1.6m, with £1.26m having been funneled into operating activities and another £276,000 towards the purchase of intangible assets.
Regarding the company's outlook, the board said it remained confident it was on track to benefit from progress made, saying that graphene was moving quickly towards commercial applications, while thermal products had moved into commercial production.
As of 15:56 BST shares in AIM-listed Versarien were 6.38% down to 11.0p.tungsten carbide button

 

WO3 Denitration Catalyst Devotes to Green Energy

With the whole society to improve air quality concerns, China in recent years regarded environmental protection as an important work and expanded, the emerging energy, chemical and other industries are required to must equipped with exhaust gas purification, waste water treatment equipment; also, the old coal enterprise are asked to carry out reforming and installing some equipments to the boiler, thus the ultra-low emissions has become the mainstream environmental topics. 

three forms of SCR denitration catalyst
 
Media recently reported that Power Plant of Tongliao, Inner Mongolia of China, has started a wide load denitrification renovation project on its No.5 Unit from late May this year and it has been completed with the ongoing production and other external insulation finishing work. According to the source, this transformation is due to the No.5 unit has the situations of lacking of steam and temperature under the high-load condition, denitration can not to be put into operation under the low-load. The reconstruction project team increased the flue gas temperature by the mean of increasing flue gas bypass under the premise of ensuring the thermal efficiency not to be reduced compared with that of before the transformation, mode of boiler operation and adjustment method meet the boiler stability and security operational requirements and also no to increase the total flue resistance. And thus achieve the goal of full unit load denitrification, and make contributions to the undertaken of green and clean energy.
 
Denitration catalyst is installed in the SCR denitration catalyst system, which can be divided into three forms of plate, honeycomb and corrugated plate from the appearance. The most commonly used SCR denitration catalyst, no matter what form the ingredients are, they are almost similar in the ingredient, which is taking vanadium pentoxide as main active substance, WO3 as a co-catalyst, titanium dioxide as a carrier. Vanadium pentoxide is very active and will oxidize sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide during the production of sulfuric acid. WO3 as the co-catalyst, its presence can reduce the catalytic oxidation of sulfur dioxide at maximum under the basis of catalytic reduction of NOx is to be guaranteed, and thus to improve the denitration catalyst thermal stability and resistant to the As and other toxic substances in the flue gas. In addition, on the presence of WO3, it can be avoid that catalyst carrier occurs changes in the crystalline structure which cause the carrier sintering during the operating process for long-term, to minimize the sintering of the catalyst, thus maintain the specific surface area not to be reduced and affect catalyst activity.

 

Active Stage of Innovating Promotes the Development of Tungsten Heater

Recently, entrepreneurs survey system of the Development Research Center of the State Council issued "China Enterprise Innovation Trends Index," it was said that the current Chinese enterprises began to enter the active phase of innovation, the main trend of China's economy will be innovation as motivation for the future development.

As early as the end of 2015, Chinese entrepreneurs organized the 23rd nationwide annual follow-up survey of enterprise operation, according to the survey, the average score of Chinese enterprise innovation trends index was 54.95. As it can be seen from the survey results, there were eighty percent of enterprises have realized the importance and urgency of innovation, they were willing to input more manpower and material resources for innovation. Innovation potential score was 64.68, innovation inputs was obtained a score of 67.83. Subsequent year the number of entrepreneurs planed to add the “total innovation investment” accounted for 55.1%, unchanged entrepreneurs accounted for 39.8%, and those entrepreneurs who reduce investment only accounted for 5.1%. This showed that companies already have a good potential for innovation and they all have high willingness to innovate.

The survey also found that the improvement of the quality of products, environment, new markets and other aspects of Chinese enterprises are showing a positive effect for innovation. Entrepreneurs continuously improve product and service quality, they pay attention to the impact on the environment healthy and safe. This will not only improve the degree of innovation of enterprises, but also improve the health of the entire market transactions. This makes it possible to maintain the vitality of tungsten enterprises to survive in the competition. Innovative products will greatly facilitate the application of tungsten heater and transactions, improving the downturn state of the tungsten market. Although many companies focus on innovation, but the execution is not enough, creative talents is still a big problem that many people have employment abroad, China still needs to make efforts.

tungsten heater

Nonferrous Metals Industry Turns Better, Overcapacity of Tungsten Heater still Exists

It was reported that recently, the National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China issued management situation of nonferrous metals industry in the first half of 2016. It said that the smooth operation of it and the price of the main product had small rising, efficiency of the industry continued to be improve, the main business income was 2.2074 trillion RMB, an increase of 2.6% and profit was 68.74 billion RMB, an increase of 8.6%. Deficit of the industry reduced to some extent, amount of loss of enterprises was 17.6 billion RMB, down 11.8%, wherein the aluminum enterprises lost 4.05 billion RMB, down 22.4%. The industry fixed assets investment completed was 232.7 billion RMB, an increase of 2%.

It is clear from the above data that Chinese nonferrous metals industry continues to turn better, and the prices also get better. This is related to China's real estate rebound, increased investment and other reasons, it is also affected by industry output adjustment. But for long-term development perspective, because the long-term production of tungsten heater and other non-ferrous metal industry overcapacity, market supply and demand are imbalance and have other issues, so non-ferrous metals industry operators are facing difficulties.

Since 2014, China's major non-ferrous metal prices continued to fall dramatically, the industry is in loss status for a long time, there are a great majority of enterprises due to low prices and cannot afford to be out of the market. Coupled with the global economy in recent years are in a volatile situation, which made development of China's nonferrous metals industry become more difficult. With the recent release of relevant policies and measures to improve the continuous problem of production capacity, non-ferrous metal industry gradually improved, but if China wants the whole industry can achieve key breakthrough, she also needs to handle problem of the non-ferrous metal product application technology, product quality, engineering and construction standards and others.

tungsten heater

Upgrade of Prospecting Potential in Chifeng City Promotes the Development of Tungsten Heater

tungsten heaterChifeng City is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. It borders Xilin Gol League to the north and west, Tongliao to the northeast, Chaoyang (Liaoning) to the southeast, and Chengde (Hebei) to the south. On July 10, project acceptance meeting of "Home Town of China Nonferrous Metals • Comprehensive Utilization Research of Tailings and Metallogenic Regularity of Nonferrous Metals," was held in Beijing. The project "Comprehensive Utilization Research of Tailings" carried out systematic surveys and studies for lead, zinc, copper, silver, and molybdenum, tin and other non-ferrous metal deposit in Chifeng region and did varying degrees of research on more than 40 typical deposit. And the main types of non-ferrous metal deposits of Chifeng region can be concluded as follows which are based on this study: hydrothermal vein type, skarn, porphyry, volcanic - subvolcanic hydrothermal, sedimentary water spray pattern. What’s more, Chifeng area can be divided into three metallogenic period: Permian, Early - Middle Triassic, Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous, for further opening up new ideas for prospecting ore in Chifeng region. Overall research projects provide a strong scientific basis for further prospecting work in Chifeng city.

The project "Comprehensive Utilization Research of Tailings and Green Management of Chifeng City" caried out procedural model for the comprehensive utilization of metal mine tailings investigation, which compromises the technology portfolio of test analysis for tailings, including quantitative analysis for chemical composition of tailings, mineral composition, particle size and texture of the three systems, providing comprehensive support data for subsequent disposal and utilization program. On the other hand, carried out systematic investigation for the selection of 10 from Chifeng nonferrous metals, iron, gold and tungsten mine tailings, and made preliminary recommendations for its disposal and application. This will be beneficial to subsequent development of tungsten products, such as tungsten heater.

“South China Sea Arbitration” Influences the Trade of Tungsten Heater to Republic of the Philippines

The Arbitral Tribunal in the South China Sea arbitration established at the unilateral request of the Republic of the Philippines claimed on 29 June 2016 that it would issue the so-called final award on 12 July 2016.

With regard to territorial issues and maritime delimitation disputes, China does not accept any means of third party dispute settlement or any solution imposed on China. The Chinese government will continue to abide by international law and basic norms governing international relations as enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, and will continue to work with states directly concerned to resolve the relevant disputes in the South China Sea through negotiation and consultation on the basis of respecting historical facts and in accordance with international law, so as to maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea.

This is a challenge to China's bottom line, people believe that this case must has the impact on China and the Philippines, whether in the politics, culture, diplomacy or economic. Xi Jinping stressed that the South China Sea islands belongs to China since ancient times. The sovereign right over territory and maritime rights and interests of South China Sea would not be influenced by the so-called South China Sea Philippine arbitration in any case. China will not accept any claims and actions based on the arbitration award. This arbitration arouses big discontent from all Chinese, they emphasize "South China Sea is an inalienable part of Chinese territory"! There are many chinese began to resist importing Philippines-related products, and there are many companies began to sever trade relations with the Philippines. If the Philippines insisted on interfering China's territorial sovereignty issues, perhaps China will introduce policies to restrain trade in the Philippines, so that it will affect the sale of Chinese tungsten heater in the Philippines.

South China Sea and tungsten heater

China Copycat Flood Amazon Platform Affects Foreign Trade of Tungsten Heater

The original meaning of "copycat" refers to the mountains of the walled city, now it mainly represents counterfeit products by imitation, duplicated, copied. Its main features are mainly for imitation, fast, civilians. In recent years, more and more chinese electricity supplier settled in the American largest e-commerce site Amazon, but because the site does not pay enough emphasis on product quality, the Amazon business platform gradually is occupied by chinese copycat product. This makes the impression of chinese products for foreign buyers become worse, which has an impact on foreign trade of tungsten heater.

US financial news channel recently pointed out that the American largest e-commerce site Amazon has always adheres to the concept of customer first which make it ignore the importance of product quality, coupled with an increase in Chinese electricity supplier, Amazon sellers say that there always exist counterfeit article in Amazon. Amazon sellers have been complaints in the Facebook and WhatsApp and developed strategies to take preventive measures. Currently, more than 40% of sales of goods in Amazon from third-party market. Chinese manufacturers had to previously require intermediary product, brand and private brand to reach to consumers worldwide, but after the Amazon open the door, Amazon's third-party market business gained flourish.

Sales volume from Chinese sellers of Amazon market sales growth has doubled than 2015, which make the United States notice the great benefits brought by Chinese vendors, so Amazon has not taken sufficient measures to curb the influx of cottage products in Amazon website. China is one of the largest tungsten reserves countries in the world, most of the tungsten products are sold through the Amazon platform to overseas. China cottage flooding the Amazon platform will greatly reduce the degree of consumer confidence in the quality of China's tungsten products. Therefore, it might have a certain impact on Chinese tungsten heater and other tungsten products.

Amazon and tungsten heater

China 5 New Car Comes, WO3 Denitration Catalyst Assists Emission Reduction

In order to meet the increasing vehicle exhaust emission standards, vehicle manufacturers and parts suppliers are continuous technological research and development, many technologies are emerging, in which SCR reduces particulate matter (PM) emissions through purifying within the machine, using the way of injecting urea solution into exhaust gas and to bring out the catalytic reduction reaction, and therefore to transfer the harmful NOx into harmless nitrogen and water.

tungsten trioxide and denitration catalyst
 
China 5 new car of Dongfeng 2016 will be officially listed on December 17, it is learned, the new car will renew upgrading in these three aspects of technology, configuration, and services. In the process of upgrading the China 5 standards (National Phase V vehicle emissions, namely "China national standard 5"), this car's tail gas treatment unit is ultimately selected of the route SCR technology (Selective Catalytic Reduction). And moreover, the demonstration shows that, compared with China National 4 and other China National 5 cars; this technique has greatly promoted not only the discharge capacity, fuel economy, but also the fuel compatibility. Compared with the China National 4 cars, the car shows in a huge utility emissions, including nitrogen oxides reduced (NOx) by 28% and the particle concentration (PM) reduced by 82%, number of particulate matter particle (PN) reduced by 28%. Furthermore, since the SCR technology requires relatively low of the fuel quality, and also has the property of high sulfur tolerant, it has particular applicability in China which the supply of low-sulfur fuel in is far from adequate.
 
Denitration catalyst is the core of SCR technology, at present, vanadium pentoxide - tungsten trioxide (WO3) / titanium dioxide denitration catalyst has been widely used in power plants and industrial boilers burning gas denitration. Vanadium pentoxide is easily poisoned by the alkali metal in fly ash, and shows of stability declined after being poisoned, thus to weaken the ability of redox catalyst; WO3 improves the anti- poison ability of alkali of vanadium pentoxide, and thus enhance the DeNOx catalytic activity. In addition, WO3 supplies the stable acidic sites on surface of catalyst, to improve the dispersibility of vanadium pentoxide, and finally improve the catalytic activity.

 

 

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