China Tungsten Market Is Expected to Stabilize

wolframite concentrate picture

Analysis of latest tungsten market in China from Chinatungsten Online: Last weekend, tungsten market was still unquiet. After volatility for a second day on the midweek, tungsten market in the weekend showed signs of stability and smelter enterprises start to appropriate procurement. 

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Rare Earth Price in China - Sep. 11, 2017

neodymium oxide picture

Rare earth market in China today: Domestic rare earth price keeps range-bound and market mentality is divided. Some industry insiders believe that rare earth price is expected to rise supported by high raw materials cost and quotation of large enterprises. 

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Molybdenum Tetraoxide Price - Sep. 6, 2017

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Molybdenum market in China today: The latest price of molybdenum concentrate, molybdenum tetraoxide, ammonium heptamolybdate is unchanged from the previous trading day.

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Guidance Prices Rise, Tungsten Market Expected to Be Stable

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Analysis of latest tungsten market in China from Chinatungsten Online: Ganzhou Tungsten Industry Association released its guidance prices this month yesterday. The average price of 65% wolframite concentrate in September will increase USD 4,496 per tonne to USD 18,605 per tonne compared with last month; 

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Terbium Oxide Price - Sep. 6, 2017

terbium oxide picture

Rare earth market in China today: Price differentiation is shown among lanthanum oxide, terbium oxide, dysprosium-iron alloy and other rare earth metals. 

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New Processing Method Makes Precious Matels Cheaper

Aluminum was once more costly than gold. Napoleon III, emperor of France, reserved cutlery made from it for his most favoured guests, and the Washington monument, in America’s capital, was capped with it not because the builders were cheapskates but because they wanted to show off. How times change. And in aluminium’s case they changed because, in the late 1880s, Charles Hall and Paul Héroult worked out how to separate the stuff from its oxide using electricity rather than chemical reducing agents. Now, the founders of Metalysis, a small British firm, hope to do much the same with tantalum, titanium and a host of other recherché and expensive metallic elements including neodymium, tungsten and vanadium.

 
The effect could be profound. Tantalum is an ingredient of the best electronic capacitors. At the moment it is so expensive ($500-2,000 a kilogram) that it is worth using only in things where size and weight matter a lot, such as mobile phones. Drop that price and it could be deployed more widely. Neodymium is used in the magnets of motors in electric cars. Vanadium and tungsten give strength to steel, but at great expense. And the strength, lightness, high melting point and ability to resist corrosion of titanium make it an ideal material for building aircraft parts, supercars and medical implants—but it can cost 50 times as much as steel. Guppy Dhariwal, Metalysis’s boss, thinks however that the company can make titanium powder (the product of its new process) for less than a tenth of such powder’s current price.
 
At the moment, titanium is usually produced by the Kroll process, which William Kroll, a metallurgist from Luxembourg, developed in the 1940s. The Kroll process starts with titanium oxide, which is derived from ores like rutile and is cheaply available (artists use it as a brilliant-white pigment). First, the oxide is reacted with chlorine, to get rid of the oxygen. The resulting chloride is then reacted with liquid magnesium or sodium, to get rid of the chlorine. This creates a porous material, titanium sponge, which is crushed and melted in a vacuum furnace to yield titanium ingots. Making tantalum is similarly onerous. The oxide (which comes from an ore called coltan) is converted to a fluoride using hydrofluoric acid, and the fluoride is then reduced with liquid sodium. Both processes are similar to the way aluminium was prepared before the days of Hall and Héroult.
 
Their insight was that electricity, which was starting to be generated in industrial quantities in the 1880s, could be used instead of chemicals to split the metal from the oxygen in aluminium oxide. And that is what Metalysis is doing in its new tantalum factory, and what it hopes to do for titanium and the rest.
 
The difference between its process and that of Hall and Héroult (and why electrolysis has not previously been used to make metals such as tantalum and titanium) is that the Hall-Héroult method requires both input oxide and output metal to be in liquid form. That demands heat. But aluminium has a fairly low melting point and its oxide can be dissolved in a substance called cryolite that also has a low melting point, so the amount of heat needed is manageable. Titanium and tantalum are not so obliging. The Metalysis trick is to do the electrolysis on powdered oxides directly, without melting them.
 
This was shown to be possible in 1997 when researchers at Cambridge University found that immersing small samples of certain oxides in baths of molten salt and passing a current through them transformed the material directly into metal. Metalysis was set up in 2001 to commercialise the idea and in 2005 the firm moved to Wath-upon-Dearne, a village near Sheffield, in South Yorkshire, in order to tap the local engineering skills that once made the county (home of silver plate, stainless steel and the Bessemer converter) the California of metallurgy. These skills turned a technique that could produce a few grams of metal in a laboratory into a process that operates on an industrial scale.
 
 
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Taiwanese military conducting annual Han Kuang military exercises

 

The Taiwanese armed forces are conducting the annual Han Kuang series of military exercises, in an effort to validate their joint combat readiness in the wake of increasing tensions with China.

Scheduled to conclude on 19 April, the two-stage exercise involves participation from approximately 7,682 personnel from all three military services, and also features a live-fire anti-landing drill on the island of Penghu, Taiwan.

 

Featuring the public debut of the recently delivered Thunderbolt-2000 multiple rocket launcher system (MLRS), the drill aims to evaluate the military's ability to counter possible amphibious landing assaults and defend an offshore island against an attack by mainland forces.

Eighty one rockets are scheduled to be fired from nine truck-mounted launchers during the drill, which marks the first time live ammunition has been included in the exercises since 2008.

The Taiwanese Navy is participating with a Chengkung-class frigate and Kuang Hua VI fast-attack boats, while the air force has deployed its F-16A/B Fighting Falcon, F-CK-1 Ching-kuo indigenous defence fighter (IDF), as well as the F-5E fighter for the exercise.

“Eighty one rockets are scheduled to be fired from nine truck-mounted launchers during the drill."

Other weapons being used include AH-1W Super Cobra attack helicopters, OH-58D Kiowa Warrior reconnaissance helicopters of the Army Aviation Task Force, in addition to 120mm mortars, M60A3 main battle tanks, and 155mm self-propelled howitzers.

Taiwan Ministry of National Defence (MND) officials were cited by Taiwan Today as saying that the drill also features anti-airborne operations and amphibious landings, as well as mechanised infantry and support manoeuvres, and live-fire manoeuvres.

The exercise represents first part of the Han Kuang drills, while the second part featuring computer-assisted war games to test and strengthen the country's information and electronic warfare capabilities is scheduled to take place from 16 to 20 July.


 

2014 Tungsten Mining Production in Kilda

PERTH (miningweekly.com), the ASX-listed junior Tungsten Mining is hoping to start production at its flagship Kilda mine, in Western Australia, by the third quarter of 2014.

Company MD Paul Berndt said this week that Tungsten Mining was some four to five months away from taking a decision to mine at Kilda.

The Kilda project currently has a targeted resource of between 1.3-million and 1.4-million tons, at between 0.7% and 0.9% tungsten. Drilling was under way to declare a Joint Ore Reserves Committee-compliant resource at the project during the current quarter.

The resource and reserve work would be fed into an engineering pre-feasibility study, along with process test work, said Berndt.

Tungsten Mining has estimated a capital cost of some AUD 25-million to construct the project, as Berndt stated that most of the work required on the project would be conducted on a contract basis.

The company was also looking at options to reduce Kilda’s capital costs by introducing toll processers to build, own and operate a toll process for the Kilda ore.

The project was expected to have an eight-year life-of-mine, but Berndt noted that several exploration targets existed around the Kilba deposit, which could extend the project’s mine life.

Meanwhile, Berndt said that Tungsten Mining was on the cusps of signing a memorandum of understanding with supplier Global Tungsten and Powders (GTP) for a potential off-take agreement for the full supply of Kilda’s product.

The memorandum of understanding would include a financing option which could see GTP either arrange for or self-fund up to half of Kilda’s development costs.

 

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Cemented Carbide for Wear Protection

DURIT has been manufacturing premium quality cemented carbide parts and components for over 30 years. The team under Michael Mense has been able to expand the company's product portfolio once again over recent years with some specific items: DURIT's managing director explains with a smile: "We have been able to develop some customised cemented carbide shaping tools, dies and specialist tools to successfully enter niche markets, like the oil and gas industry." His positive outlook is well founded: The sector for cemented carbide and cemented carbide tools in particular, is on an expansion course. And: The company's presence at international industry events -- DURIT will be represented at Offshore Europe in Aberdeen, Scotland -- will reinforce the brands impact on topics like wear protection, efficiency and productivity.

DURIT is a modern, family-run business, specialised in the development and production of cemented carbide precision tools and construction elements. The company's long experience, extensive knowhow, and unique competence guarantee that customer expectations are not only met, but surpassed at every turn. Targeted further development of products in close cooperation with scientific institutions will ensure the outstanding quality of DURIT products in all categories. The company's extensive portfolio includes: Extrusion dies, cemented carbide dies, cemented carbide plates, cemented carbide precision tools, cemented carbide custom tools, cemented carbide shaping tools, cemented carbide engineering services, machine blades, precision cutting tools, pressing tools, reduction dies, preforming tools, valve cones, valve seats, solid carbide tools, and drawing tools.

Standard or custom, in serial production or as one-offs: More than 500 employees -- specialists, application engineers and technicians -- are currently employed by DURIT in Germany, Portugal, and Brazil. The company's targeted portfolio expansions have had a positive impact on existing customers as well as on business development. In addition to the machine and facility engineering sector, the packaging industry or the automotive and chemical industries, the cemented carbide specialists are now targeting more specialized sectors, like the oil and gas industry. Initial indicators for the company's expansion are DURIT's participation in the offshore technology conference Offshore 2013 in Houston, and their presence at the Offshore Europe in Aberdeen in September 2013.


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Kennametal To Buy Allegheny's Tungsten Materials Business For $605 Mln

Industrial technology company Kennametal, Inc. ( KMT ) agreed Monday to acquire the Tungsten materials business of Allegheny Technologies, Inc. ( ATI ) for $605 million. The deal, which has the approval of both the companies' boards, is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2013.


"ATI's Tungsten Materials Business brings vital strategic assets that are an excellent complement to Kennametal, especially given our common focus on operational excellence and industry-leading material science," Kennametal Chairman, President and CEO Carlos Cardoso sad in a statement.


The Tungsten materials business, part of ATI's Engineered Products segment, is a producer of tungsten metallurgical powders, as well as tooling technologies and components, generating annual sales of around $340 million and operating profit of $37 million. It comprises two divisions such as ATI Firth Sterling and ATI Stellram.
Kennametal plans to fund the acquisition through a combination of cash on hand and available borrowings under its existing revolving credit facility.


The acquisition is in line with Kennametal's long-term growth strategy of expanding presence in aerospace and energy end markets as well as further boosting its tooling portfolio. It also accelerates plans for expanding capacity and developing an advanced tungsten carbide recycling facility in the U.S. to serve global markets.
 

The deal is estimated to reduce planned capital expenditures by an estimated $30 million to $35 million. Kennametal also projects the deal to generate cost synergies of $30 million to $40 million on annual basis and cash tax benefits of between $60 million and $70 million.


Further, Kennametal expects the acquisition to be neutral to earnings for the remainder of its fiscal year 2014.
"The sale of our tungsten materials business to Kennametal, a recognized global leader in tungsten-based wear-resistant products, provides ATI with increased financial flexibility and simplifies capital allocation and deployment," ATI Chairman, President and CEO Rich Harshman stated.


Meanwhile, ATI said it will report the financial results of the tungsten materials business in discontinued operations pending completion of the transaction.


ATI noted that the sale strengthens its focus on core strategic businesses and emphasizes the technical, commercial and operating synergies between its High Performance Metals and Flat-Rolled Products segment businesses.
In Monday's regular trading session, KMT is currently trading at $46.71, up $0.71 or 1.54% on a volume of 0.29 million shares, and ATI is trading at $30.76, up $2.13 or 7.44% on a volume of 2.12 million shares.

 

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Kennametal To Buy Allegheny's Tungsten Materials Business For $605 Mln

Industrial technology company Kennametal, Inc. ( KMT ) agreed Monday to acquire the Tungsten materials business of Allegheny Technologies, Inc. ( ATI ) for $605 million. The deal, which has the approval of both the companies' boards, is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2013.


"ATI's Tungsten Materials Business brings vital strategic assets that are an excellent complement to Kennametal, especially given our common focus on operational excellence and industry-leading material science," Kennametal Chairman, President and CEO Carlos Cardoso sad in a statement.


The Tungsten materials business, part of ATI's Engineered Products segment, is a producer of tungsten metallurgical powders, as well as tooling technologies and components, generating annual sales of around $340 million and operating profit of $37 million. It comprises two divisions such as ATI Firth Sterling and ATI Stellram.
Kennametal plans to fund the acquisition through a combination of cash on hand and available borrowings under its existing revolving credit facility.


The acquisition is in line with Kennametal's long-term growth strategy of expanding presence in aerospace and energy end markets as well as further boosting its tooling portfolio. It also accelerates plans for expanding capacity and developing an advanced tungsten carbide recycling facility in the U.S. to serve global markets.
 

The deal is estimated to reduce planned capital expenditures by an estimated $30 million to $35 million. Kennametal also projects the deal to generate cost synergies of $30 million to $40 million on annual basis and cash tax benefits of between $60 million and $70 million.


Further, Kennametal expects the acquisition to be neutral to earnings for the remainder of its fiscal year 2014.
"The sale of our tungsten materials business to Kennametal, a recognized global leader in tungsten-based wear-resistant products, provides ATI with increased financial flexibility and simplifies capital allocation and deployment," ATI Chairman, President and CEO Rich Harshman stated.


Meanwhile, ATI said it will report the financial results of the tungsten materials business in discontinued operations pending completion of the transaction.


ATI noted that the sale strengthens its focus on core strategic businesses and emphasizes the technical, commercial and operating synergies between its High Performance Metals and Flat-Rolled Products segment businesses.
In Monday's regular trading session, KMT is currently trading at $46.71, up $0.71 or 1.54% on a volume of 0.29 million shares, and ATI is trading at $30.76, up $2.13 or 7.44% on a volume of 2.12 million shares.

 

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Domestic Industries Demand Promotes Tungsten Carbide Cutter’s Development

In recent years, China's tool market maintained a trend of rapid growth, and is expected to create new highs. In recent years, the international tool market maintained a steady recovery, but a conservative estimate of the average annual growth rate remained at around 3% to 5% of domestic demand to promote industrial development of tungsten carbide cutter mold.

Overall, China's hardware tool booming, tool making process needs to mold molding process, which is beneficial to China's mold industry. Further development of the thermal metal cutting tools, and its strong market demand are inseparable.
  
It is understood that the huge market demand is an important factor in our tool industry thrive in stimulating consumption, China's production scale tool is expanding, driven tool market, China's market demand is bound to be raised cutter mold, will promote the development of domestic mold industry largely. However, the domestic mold industry is concerned, still need to continue efforts to continuously work hard on the overall quality of technology, quality and practitioners take a variety of ways to promote the development of the industry. Industry personnel should also contribute actively to the development of the industry together for the future given their own strength. I believe that in the near future, the domestic mold industry will to a higher level.

 

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Chinese APT Price Kept Steady, While European Dipped

Chinese APT was offered at RMB166,000/mt (USD27,213/mt, export duty excluded), but real transaction price was RMB163,000-164,000/mt (USD26,721-26,885/mt, export duty excluded) . Downstream buyers purchased small volumes amid depressed market.
 
European APT price dropped to USD350-360/mtu, and participants reported lower offer and weak demand. The market was quite quiet, and expected to last till September. Sentiments has been subdued, therefore leading to fall offer.
 
 
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China Rare Earth Export Jumps 31% in August

Chinese companies exported 2,353 tonnes of rare earths last month, nearly 31 percent more than the previous month, new customs data showed on Sep.8th. 
 
China's rare earth exports fell to 1,556 tonnes in June, the lowest level of this year, according to the General Administration of Customs (GAC). 
 
For the first eight months, exports rose 35 percent year-on-year to 18,252 tonnes. In value terms, however, exports contracted 7.9 percent from a year earlier to 261.6 million U.S. dollars owing to falling prices. 
 
Export till the end of last month was nearly 60 percent of the full-year quota of 30,610 tonnes, shared by 28 production and circulation enterprises. 
 
Rare earths, a class of 17 mineral elements, are some of the most sought after metals due to their vital role in green technologies like wind turbines and car batteries as well as in military sectors. 
 
With its rare earth reserves accounting for 23 percent of the global total, China supplies over 90 percent of the world's market demand at the cost of much pollution. 
 
To curb environmental degradation and protect resources, China has set output ceilings, export quotas and stricter emissions standards as well as high resource taxes for some ores. 
 
In the previous two years, companies had failed to use their full annual export quotas. 
 
In 2013, China exported 22,493 tonnes of rare earths, up 38.3 percent from 2012. But it was well below the full-year export quota of 31,001 tonnes. In 2012, exports at 16,265 tonnes, just over the half of the full-year quota. 
 
Early last month, the World Trade Organization ruled that China's export duties, quotas, and administration of rare earths, tungsten and molybdenum products were inconsistent with WTO rules and China's Accession Protocol. 
 
In March 2012, the European Union, Japan and the United States teamed up to bring a joint case to the WTO over China's measures on exports of rare earths, tungsten and molybdenum. 
 
They claimed that the restriction had limited other countries' access to the minerals, given China a competitive advantage and hurt other producers and consumers. 
 
 
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Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Service Needs Improvement

Tungsten carbide cutting tool, as the representation of high-hard cutting tools, is a kind of indispensable tool for modern manufacturing industry and has become the driving force of the cutting market.
 
With the economic and social development, together with the specific situation in the manufacturing industry, the requirements towards tungsten carbide cutting tools do not focus only on the cutter itself, but also on its related service. It is important for tungsten carbide cutting tool manufacturers to provide the information about the cutter’s properties and physical parameters, but it is also equally important for them to know what materials their customers are going to process, and then put forward a systematic solution for their customers while taking into consideration the productive cost.
 
Generally, the cutter users expect lower cost with better service. Due to the emerging of new types of manufacturing enterprises and the increasing higher demands on productivity, cutter manufacturers around the world are all subdividing their technical teams. There are mold industry group, automobile industry group, aviation group, MTB group, energy industry group, medical industry group and so on. Tungsten carbide cutting tool is a kind of consumable product, so lower price is a good weapon for market competing. For manufacturing enterprises, large-scale sales that can spread the cost pressure and being more professional in some certain products are both important methods for them to gain more profits. Tungsten carbide cutting tool enterprises should focus on producing high-quality tungsten carbide cutting tool and at the same time improve its related service, so as to meet the needs of cutter users better. 
 
Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool
 

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Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool’s development in High-end Manufacturing Industry

Tungsten carbide cutting tool, a type of super-hard cutting tool, has gained wider applications with the development of high-end manufacturing industries in China. We can surely say that the development in high-end manufacturing industry has significantly promoted that in the tungsten carbide cutting tool industry.
 
I. In machine tool industry, which plays a leading role in manufacturing industry, the rapid growth of numerically-controlled machine tools contributes to the expanded tungsten carbide cutting tool market. We all know that a machine tool needs to work with more than a dozen types of cutting tools, or even more. Also, cutting tool is a kind of consumable and thus needs regular replacement to ensure constant high efficiency. In 2009, China ranked the first around the world in machine tool output, and with year-on-year growth of more than 64 percent in the import of various kinds of cutting tools in China at the same term. All these show that the market demand of domestic tungsten carbide cutting tools is not a problem, instead, the backwardness in its production is the real issue we should be concerned about. 
 
II. The demand of shield tunneling machines in railway construction for tungsten carbide cutting tools is growing fast currently. The hobbing cutter bit has to be replaced every 200 to 300 meters when the shield tunneling machine moves. By 2015, the subway traffic mileage is expected to reach 3900 kilometers, while 7000 kilometers by 2020.
 
 
III. The basic PCB sub-industry of information industry, which has been listed as the pillar industry will maintain an average growth rate of 9.3% in the next five years and the increased amount of PCB consumption is expected to reach 4 billion RMB.
 
IV. About 60%-80% of drilling work in geological prospecting and mine mining is done by using tungsten carbide drill bits. With the growing mining depth, the consumption of tungsten carbide cutting tools for mining is expected to remain an average increase of 30% in the next five years.
 
Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool
 
 
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Tungsten Ore Market Price Going Up but Actual Transaction Continue Flat

Tungsten market quotation: From middle of November some tungsten manufacturers get unite to limit the sale amount of tungsten series products, in order to avoiding tungsten price continue to fall down. On the other hand, due to the tungsten price fall down to the “bottom price” so many mines stop to operation. Many tungsten manufacturers can’t get the raw materials for production so tungsten ore market price soared up at a big range. Before January 2016, tungsten ore market price may continue to going up by market control but the demand of the market may not increase. At the present, the whole economic situation of China is not good and the decline of European economy may be a long-term process. So the whole global economy situation is not stable and so as well as the tungsten market. Besides, steel industry continues to decline so the demand of tungsten products is not too much. On the other hand, at the end of year, many tungsten concentrate holders in order to have capital for turnover so they sale some tungsten ore for cash at early time. What’s more, at the end of year, many manufacturers don’t want to sale products. So at the present, tungsten concentrate has high price but the demand is not well. Some exports predict that before Chinese New Year tungsten ore market price may going up or maintain, but the demand of it will be flat.
The average market price of mainly tungsten products: wolframite concentrate (content ≥65%): 64,000.00 RMB/ton; scheelite concentrate (content ≥65%): 62,000.00 RMB/ton; ammonium paretungstate (content ≥88.5%): 98,500.00 RMB/ton, export price:218.00 $/ton; tungsten powder (content ≥99.95%): 157.00 RMB/kg, export price: 24.00 $/kg; tungsten carbide powder (content ≥99.7%): 155.00 RMB/ton, export price:23.00 $/kg; tungsten bar (content ≥99.95%): 210.00 RMB/kg, export price: 34.22 $/kg.
wolframite
 

Tungsten Trioxide Denitration Catalyst Cuts Down Chemical Air Pollution Complaint

The first half of 2016, in the Environmental Protection Department, "12369" environmental protection hotline received masses reported cases, the number of atmospheric pollution cases took the first place. Among them, the air pollution problem petrochemical, pharmaceutical, pesticide and other chemical industries are the most involved, particularly in the chemical industry gather industrial zone, its air pollution nuisance problems is particular standing out. So, the controlling of air pollution has another serious problem to solve, the chemical air pollution.

denitration and desulfurization catalyst tungsten trioxide
 
Not long ago, a state-owned energy giant was broke the news out of occurring pollution incident continually for many years, and its waste gas and water treatment are in the state of serious violations, resulting in the environment suffered a serious contamination. For this reason, there were five environmental groups have pointed to the existence of the company of industrial waste water, waste gas, waste pollution and other issues through the approach of mail, which has once attracted widespread media attention. What is the more hateful is that, for saving the cost, the company unauthorized stop running the desulphurization equipment, the time of annual outage desulphurization facilities for more than six months, causing serious long-term of excessive emissions of sulfur dioxide. For the reason, the company has paid the painful price of 37.24 million EMB ticket.
 
The removal problem of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides is one of the keys to the Chemical control of air pollution. Currently, SCR system is the fastest development with the most stable operation, and the most efficient denitration technology. While, the denitration catalyst is the core of the SCR system, in which, tungsten trioxide is typically added as the active additive, to improve the denitration activity. In addition, the diesel catalytic cracking process, the serious environmental pollution as increasing of combustion exhaust toxic gases (such as SOx) will be brought out; therefore, tungsten trioxide is also often used in hydrodesulfurization catalyst, and becoming an important active ingredient, play the role of anti-sulfur poisoning ect., and playing an indispensable influence in deep desulfurization of diesel, gasoline, etc..

 

Xihuashan Tungsten Mine History (I)

xihuashan tungsten mine photo

Xihuashan is famous for its tungsten resource. It is the initiator of China tungsten mine exploration, and has a centennial exploration history.

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Xihuashan Tungsten Mine History (II)

xihuashan tungsten mine photo

After founding of New China, Gannan established nine state-owned distributed mine, 16 local state operated mine and 20 collective pithead. It becomes the main tungsten raw material birthplace in the world. In the meantime, geologist verify 106 mineral area with tungsten reserve, accumulated reserve is 1.17 million ton, ranks the second place in the world. High quality tungsten concentrate reserve ranks the first in China.

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Tungsten Alloy

Tungsten Alloy Price

Tungsten Carbide

Tungsten Carbide Price

Tungsten Powder

Tungsten Powder Price

Tungsten Copper

Tungsten Copper Price

Tungsten Oxide

Tungsten Oxide Price