Tungsten alloy swaging rod is made of tungsten alloy rod through calcinations. The normal method used in the processing are extruding, forging and sintering. After calcinations, tungsten alloy swaging rod has higher ductility, toughness and tensile strength than tungsten alloy rod, so it can be used for a longer time. Tungsten alloy swaging rod has been widely used for GBU-28.

GBU-28 is a 5,000-pound (2,268 kg) laser-guided "bunker busting" bomb nicknamed "Deep Throat" produced originally by the Watervliet Arsenal, Watervliet, New York. It was designed, manufactured, and deployed in less than three weeks due to an urgent need during Operation Desert Storm to penetrate hardened Iraqi command centers located deep underground. Only two of the weapons were dropped in Desert Storm, both by F-111Fs.

Tungsten alloy swaging rod has high density and high hardness which can help GBU-28 penetrate the rock formation and destroy underground bunker.



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Tungsten alloy swaging rod is made of tungsten alloy rod through calcinations. The normal method used in the processing are extruding, forging and sintering. After calcinations, tungsten alloy swaging rod has higher ductility, toughness and tensile strength than tungsten alloy rod, so it can be used for a longer time. Tungsten alloy swaging rod has been widely used for GBU-57.

GBU-57 is a U.S. Air Force, precision-guided, 30,000-pound (13,608 kg) "bunker buster" bomb.[2] This is substantially larger than the deepest penetrating bunker busters previously available, the 5,000-pound (2,268 kg) GBU-28 and GBU-37.

Tungsten alloy swaging rod has high density and high hardness which can help GBU-57 penetrate the rock formation and destroy underground bunker.



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The  bucking bars made of tungsten resulted in significantly less vibration measured at the bucking bar when compared to the other two bucking bar materials (cold rolled and stainless steel). The >90% tungsten bar resulted in a 34% decrease in the resultant weighted acceleration when compared to using the cold rolled bar, and a 37.5% decrease when compared to using the stainless steel bar. Additionally, the >90% tungsten bar resulted in 2.8% less vibration transmission than the 90% tungsten bar, although this difference was not statistically significant. The magnitude of the weighted resultant acceleration indicates how fast the bucking bar is “bouncing” or moving as the energy is transferred from the rivet gun through the rivet to the bucking bar. Thus, a bucking bar that is accelerating less would be expected to result in lower grip force to control the bucking bar. Thus, when using bucking bars of the same size, the heavier tungsten bars were superior to the traditional steel bucking bars in terms of dampening vibration transmission without the added cost of increased muscle force to control the bars during riveting. This may also result in a positive health effect as the tungsten bucking bars resulted in an increase in the estimated duration for 10% of the exposed population at the measured acceleration levels to show symptoms of finger blanching (ISO 5349) of at least 49% and 64% when compared to the cold rolled and stainless steel bars, respectively.

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Recently, bucking bars made of tungsten have been utilized for some riveting tasks at a local
aircraft manufacturer, where subjective reports from the employees suggested less vibration was
transmitted to the hands. However, since the tungsten bars weigh approximately 2.3 times more
than the steel bucking bars of the same size and shape, the company was reluctant to implement
tungsten bucking bars on a full scale. While the increased mass of the tungsten bar may be an
advantage as far as dampening the vibration, the effect on the hand grip exertion levels was
unknown. Therefore, the overall objective of this study was to perform a field evaluation to quantify
and compare the vibration transmission and grip muscle activity characteristics when using bucking bars of the same size and shape, but made of different materials.

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Although the use of composite materials is increasing in the manufacturing of aircraft, manual
riveting operations are still very pervasive in the assembly of aircraft. Riveting operations in aircraft manufacturing involves the use of power tools for manually drilling and countersinking holes for the rivets, as well as the use of air hammers or rivet guns to drive and set the rivets. Additionally, to close the rivet, the rivet is driven against a metallic bar commonly called a “bucking bar”. The bucking bars are typically held manually, and must be held firmly to increase the quality of the riveting, as well as keep the bucking bar from “dancing” against the metal piece being riveted.

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Riveting tasks in aircraft manufacturing results in exposure to vibration from both rivet  guns and bucking bars. Long term exposure to vibration has been associated with symptoms of vibration white finger and musculoskeletal disorders. Four different bucking bars of the same shape but different material and mass characteristics (90%tungsten, >90% tungsten, cold rolled and stainless steel) were investigated for vibration and grip muscle activity during a riveting task. The >90% and 90% tungsten bars (3.4m/s and 3.6 m/s2, respectively) resulted in significantly less mean resultant weighted acceleration when compared to the cold rolled and stainless steel (5.3 m/s2 and 5.6m/s2, respectively),  whereas there was no difference in mean hand grip flexor or extensor muscle activity. These results suggest that for bucking tasks that allow access for the bucking bar size investigated, use of heavier but same sized tungsten bucking bars can reduce vibration transmission to the hand.

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Tungsten bucking bars are the bars to call on when space is limited! Almost twice as heavy as conventional steel bucking bars of the same size.In addition to use in tight areas, Tungsten bucking bars also significantly reduce vibration and greatly improve operator comfort. Tungsten bucking  bars cost significantly more than standard steel bars but once you have used one, you will never regret your purchase. One tungsten bucking  bar can take the place of many conventional steel bucking bars.

 All surfaces are polished to permit bucking on any side of the bar and all corners are radiused to prevent material damage.

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1. Rest bucking bar on inserted rivet and try to locate its point of balance.

2. With gun set in place, use bucking bar to push rivet (and gun assembly) outward.  Bucking bar will then register at right angles to the rivet as it comes to rest on the aluminium.

3. Push rivet back into place with gun set and reposition bucking bar, if necessary, to maintain its point of balance on the rivet. (repeat steps 2 and 3 until point of balance is determined).  Often the index finger can be placed on the back of the bucking bar directly opposite the rivet tail. It then becomes the 'sensor' for correct bar position.

4. Pressure is held on gun while riveting.  Bucking bar is held with only moderate force (otherwise rivet may be set with head proud of surface). A rubber grommet may be used over the rivet tail to assist in squeezing parts together during riveting.  It acts as a 'pressure plate'

5. Duration of riveting is determined by experimentation with a test piece or previous experience.

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HNWL tungsten rhenium thermocouple is a thermocouple with superior high temperature , long-term use at 2000 degrees measurement occasions , the measurement temperature up to 2800 degrees, the highest temperature thermocouple to measure the product 's products , tungsten rhenium thermocouples very high thermal stability , with a special coat protective tube can also have long-term oxidation at 1600 degrees occasions substance use , can replace the platinum-rhodium thermocouple as metallurgy , building materials , aerospace, nuclear industry, the temperature of the measurement products.

HNWL Tungsten Rhenium Thermocouples Use :

Current measuring a temperature above 1600 ℃ , the use of non- contact method , however, the method of error is large , such as the contact law can accurately measure the real temperature . In the high-temperature thermocouples , precious metal thermocouples are expensive and the maximum temperature only in 1800 ℃ below, while tungsten rhenium thermocouple temperature limit is not only high, but good stability, therefore , tungsten rhenium thermocouples in metallurgy , building materials, aerospace , aviation and nuclear industries have been widely used . Rich resources of tungsten , tungsten- rhenium thermocouples cheap, can be partially substituted precious metal thermocouples , it is the high-temperature test promising field of temperature materials . Easily oxidized tungsten- rhenium thermocouples , suitable for hydrogen in an inert or dry use , or dense protective tube isolated in order to use it with oxygen . Carbon-containing atmosphere can not be used ( as in the use of hydrocarbon-containing atmosphere , the temperature exceeds 1000 ℃ i.e. by corrosion) . Tungsten or tungsten- rhenium in a carbonaceous atmosphere is easy to form a stable carbide , that reduce the sensitivity and cause brittle fracture, in the case of the presence of hydrogen , is accelerated carbonation .

HNWL Tungsten Rhenium Thermocouples Type Description :

HNWL tungsten rhenium thermocouples divided into three categories , one category is used in fine ceramic protection tube , the other is pure molybdenum protection tube, then a class is a tungsten protective tube . Ceramic tube specifications: diameter Ф8, Ф10, Ф12, Ф14, Ф16, length 300 ~ 1100mm, such thermocouples work atmosphere free from the restrictions in any atmosphere, long-term use , temperature range is 0 ~ 1800 ℃ the ; molybdenum and tungsten tube tube specifications: diameter Ф6, Ф8, Ф10mm, length 500 ~ 700mm, this thermocouple only in a vacuum , reducing or inert gas environment and long-term work , molybdenum tube preferably in 1800 ℃ long-term use at temperatures below , short-term use temperatures up to 2000 ℃; as tungsten tube is able to work at 2100 ℃ long-term , it is difficult to process resulting in the price is very expensive.


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Oxidation of tungsten rhenium thermocouples used to solve the physical structure of tungsten rhenium thermocouple temperature oxidation problems . Which is characterized by high temperature oxidation. In oxidation, reduction , or alternating between the two atmospheres , and the price is cheap, only platinum and rhodium 1/ 2 to 1/ 4 . Thus, in 1996 a national new product certification, and obtained national patent.
The products are mainly used in metallurgy , chemical industry, refractory furnace and coal gasification or sulfur recovery unit for temperature measurement , the main technical indicators :
Model No indexing ASTM

Indexing Tolerance Measuring range (℃) Applicable atmosphere

WR □ W-134 □ WRe3-WRe25
(W3) D ± 1.0% t 0 ~ 1700

Oxidation, reduction , or both alternately

WR □ W-13525 WRe5-WRe26
(W5) C
WR □ W-13530

Varieties and specifications

Type protective tube

Structure Diameter (mm) Material

WR W3 W-134 □ Single Tube 8 ~ 16 corundum
WR W3 W-13525 Double

Composite pipe materialized

Structure 16 ( inside ) × 25 ( outside ) corundum

WR W3 W-13525 12 ( inside ) × 25 ( outside ) corundum ( internal )
+ SiC ( outside )

WR W3 W-13530 16 ( inside ) × 30 ( outside ) corundum ( internal )
+ SiC ( outside )

WR W3 W-13530 16 ( inside ) × 30 ( outside ) corundum ( internal ) +

Cermet ( outside )

● Protection tube diameter and length specification table (mm)

Φ16 ( single tube ) Φ20

Length L is set deep l length L is set deep l

300 150 400 250
350 200 450 300
400 250 550 400
450 300 650 500
550 400 900 750
650 500 1150 1000
900 750 1650 1500
1150 1000 2150 2000

Note : Metal ceramic tube up to 500 l .


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