Tungsten alloy is adopted as projectile for EFP (Explosively Formed Penetrator) with its high density, high intensity and high ductility. Terminal sensing submunition can detect and distinguish targets in scanning area. When scanning trajectory of terminal sensing submunition scans the target in scanning area, the computer on the penetrator detonates warhead of EFP duly, forming explosive compacting tungsten alloy EFP projectile and attacks armor vehicles from top. Tungsten alloy EFP projectile flight trajectory is the trajectory that EFP projectile flies to the target.

Tungsten alloy EFP projectile is influenced by gravity and air resistance during flying. Gravity bends tungsten alloy EFP projectile flight trajectory and air resistance decreases the flight speed of tungsten alloy EFP projectile. High density of tungsten alloy can weaken the influence on projectile caused by gravity and air resistance. High density means higher density of energy and greater impact force, improving penetrating power. High ductility contributes to forming longer projectile so that highly increasing the depth of penetration. Because the flight speed of EFP is faster than sound velocity by 5~6times, the distance from detonating to target is no more than caliber by 1000 times. For that, the influence on EFP flight trajectory by gravity can be neglected. So tungsten alloy EFP projectile flight trajectory can be considered as straight line trajectory approximately and also can be described by using equation of motion for particle. 



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Tungsten alloy is used as collimator or radiation shielding in the following applications:

Geologging
Geologging is an exploration technique used mainly in the oil and gas industries. It is also known as wireline logging and borehole logging. A gamma ray source is lowered into a borehole and the radiation penetrates the rock strata. This data can then be analysed to determine whether deposits of gas or oil are present. Tungsten alloy is used to shield the radioactive source and to act as a collimator for the gamma beam.

Pipe-line Inspection
Gamma radiation is used to inspect welds and to detect cracks in pipelines. A gamma source is mounted on a remote-controlled wheeled trolley (sometimes called a "pig") and travels inside the length of the pipe. A tungsten collimator is used to direct the radiation onto the target, whilst the radioactive source is housed inside tungsten shielding.

Non Destructive Testing
Industrial radiography uses gamma radiation to detect structural faults in materials such as metal and concrete. As with pipe-line inspection, the equipment uses tungsten shielding, coupled with a tungsten collimator. Thickness, density and level gauging Radioactive sources are used in industrial processes to measure thickness, density or levels of materials during production e.g. paper, plastic film, steel sheet or surface coatings. The material passes between a radioactive source, which is housed in tungsten alloy, and a detector. The strength of the detector signal is used to measure the thickness, density or level of the material.


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our new tungsten ring should last for a lifetime and always look great! There are a just a few points to keep in mind to ensure your ring stays in it's pristine condition for years to come.

Do not drop your ring on a hard surface or purposely hit it with hard metal tool, such as a hammer.

Do not clean your tungsten ring in a jewelers ultrasonic cleaner, or with a steam cleaner or ionic cleaner.

DO not clean your tungsten ring with any chemicals as this can cause spotting.

DO only clean your tungsten ring with a mild soap and water. This will remove dirt, grime, lotions and keep your ring sparkly clean!


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In the aerospace industry applications. China developed the first generation of tungsten heavy alloy performance good in the 1960s, since immediately after the birth of self-developed China's first artificial satellite navigation device has been successfully applied, then this new material has the first in China an intercontinental missile and developed by a variety of new fighters, helicopters, has been successfully applied. Developed to meet the needs of Chinese communications satellite, but also successfully developed a new type of density up to 18.5g/cm3 high proportion of tungsten-based alloys. A variety of high-performance W-Cu alloys in the rocket (missile) combustion chamber, nozzle, throat, rudder and other parts of the development of high temperature has been applied.

Military industrial applications. China has successful developed the W-Ni-Fe heavy alloy, provides of a variety of wear, shaped charge of the development a key material. W-Ni-Cu heavy alloys also play an important role in doing gyrorotor high proportion of material in China's first nuclear submarine of the research and development.

In the civilian industry and nuclear industrial applications. In the nuclear power industry, used for nuclear reactor insulation and shielding materials, tungsten heavy alloy has a good prospect. In civilian industry, high-density tungsten alloy has been more widely used; mobile phones and golf oscillator rod weight will be a wide range of products. Processing done in the electric performance of the anvil block material to make electrical upsetting of hundredfold increase production efficiency, has significant economic benefits.

In summary, the development of tungsten processing industry does not only play a very important role in building on the national economy, also has a significant impact on the modernization of national defense.


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Also known as wolfram, tungsten is a chemical element with the chemical symbol W and atomic number 74. The word tungsten comes from the Swedish language tung sten directly translatable to heavy stone, though the name is volfram in Swedish to distinguish it from Scheelite, in Swedish alternatively named tungsten.A hard, rare metal under standard conditions when uncombined, tungsten is found naturally on Earth only in chemical compounds. It was identified as a new element in 1781, and first isolated as a metal in 1783. Its important ores include wolframite and scheelite.

The free element is remarkable for its robustness, especially the fact that it has the highest melting point of all the non-alloyed metals and the second highest of all the elements after carbon. Also remarkable is its high density of 19.3 times that of water, comparable to that of uranium and gold, and much higher (about 1.7 times) than that of lead. Tungsten with minor amounts of impurities is often brittle and hard, making it difficult to work. However, very pure tungsten, though still hard, is more ductile, and can be cut with a hard-steel hacksaw. Tungsten’s many alloys have numerous applications, most notably in incandescent light bulb filaments, X-ray tubes (as both the filament and target), electrodes in TIG welding, and superalloys. Tungsten’s hardness and high density give it military applications in penetrating projectiles. Tungsten compounds are most often used industrially as catalysts.


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The predecessor of Al-Khalid main battle tank (MBT) is 90-II which is developed in China. Al-Khalid MBT is equipped by composite armor and rolling homogenous armor. The tank can perform night operation which is also equipped by thermal imaging system. The main weapon of Al-Khalid MBT is a 125mm caliber smoothbore gun which carrying 39 ammunitions. The smoothbore gun can launch depleted uranium (DU) ammunition, tungsten alloy penetrators, kinetic energy cartridge and high explosive grenade. Otherwise, there are 12.7mm caliber machine gun and 7.62mm caliber machine gun in the tank.

In recent years, Pakistan Army is modernizing Al-Khalid MBT. They attempt to modernize the tank to the most advanced tank in the world. Al-Khalid MBT is called as Super Al-Khalid MBT after modernization, which is equipped by integrated battle management system (IBMS) and active protection system. For the new design of structure, the armor of new tank can endure the strike from all of 120~125mm caliber anti-tank shells who are on service at present. What’s more, the fire control is more advanced, and the firing rate of main artillery has been improved by 9 shells per minute. Meanwhile, Super Al-Khalid MBT is also equipped by Sagem the third generation thermography made in France, laser sight, anti-tank missile tracking system and Valta electro-optical countermeasures device made in Ukraine.


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From 1970’s, at least 42 airliners was attacked by portable anti-air missile in the world. 29 airliners were shot down and at least 900 personnels were killed. The terrorists can shoot down a large airliner in a few second when utilizing portable anti-air missile.

Although portable anti-air missile were developed lately in France, Frenchmen develops their own Mistral portable anti-air missile system which has its own excellent properties, by adopting the advantages of other missiles around the world. The maximum range of Mistral missile was 6000m, and Mistral portable anti-air missile was equipped for the army in 1990.

The warhead of Mistral portable anti-air missile is utilizing tungsten alloy ball fragmentation which is very common. The high explosive contains 1850 tungsten alloy balls which have high penetration. When the missile is exploding, the tungsten alloy balls penetrates the shell of target at a speed of 1500m/s. Effective kill radius is 3000m. For having advanced properties and low cost, Mistral anti-air missile had been purchased largely by many states from the beginning of 1990’s.

China stopped the producing of Type 99 main battle tank (MBT), because the new Type 05 MBT came out. Compared with 99A2 which was three and a half generation tank, Type 05 MBT had improved significantly. Type 05 MBT was not just as a tank. It was a super land battle attacking platform. It was equipped with precise anti-aircraft missile and non-lethal laser weapons besides tank gun.

The initial velocity of tungsten alloy armor piercing fin stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS) is 1950m/s. The battle-sight range of tungsten alloy APFSDS is 3200m/s. It can penetrate to homogeneous armor whose thickness is more than 900mm. The initial velocity of high explosive anti-tank cartridge is 1500m/s. The tank gun is equipped with reliable autoloader. The firing rate of tank gun can reach 12 shells per minute. It can penetrate 950 homogenous armor from a distance of 2000m, when utilizing tungsten alloy APFSDS. However, it has the power of penetration for more than 1000m armor from the same distance, when it is utilizing hedo alloy penetrators. The tank gun also can launch the newly-developed 152mm gunshot guided missile. Maximum range of the missile is 7.5km and maximum depth of penetration is 900mm.


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China is a big country of producing tungsten.Tungsten reserve in China accounted for about 70 percent of the world's total reserves of tungsten.The output of tungsten in China accounts for 80% of the world's total output.

Tungsten  is a kind of rare metal with highest melting point and density.The hardness of tungsten is after diamond. It is known as "industrial teeth" and"industrial salt".Nowadays, tungsten is widely used in national defense industry, aerospace,machinery manufacturing, oil drilling, special steel, new material, etc.Aviation jet engines,rockets,missiles, satellites and many parts are made of tungsten alloy.As important strategic resource, tungsten industry has a close relationship with national economy and  national defense.


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Tungsten products generally include everything from household items to aerospace technology. The metal is almost as dense as gold and has the highest melting point of any metal in purest form at 6,192°F (3,422°C). These properties popularize the use of tungsten in many applications. Tungsten has a wide range of industrial use when combined with other elements and industrial metals to make metal alloys or superalloys.

People use tungsten products daily without realizing it. Extreme heat resistance enables thin tungsten wire to be used as the filament in incandescent light bulbs, for example, and when combined with calcium and magnesium, it becomes fluorescent lighting. This quality also allows tungsten to be incorporated into the heating elements of heaters and furnaces. Artisans also might use tungsten oxide in ceramic and glassware glazes, producing a yellowish hue. Comparable to gold in hardness, the metal may substitute for gold or platinum in jewelry making, as tungsten is hypoallergenic and virtually scratch resistant.

Tungsten weights or powder might also be implemented to enhance the driving force in golf club heads. Tungsten combined with copper, iron or nickel may be used in making high-quality darts or for the strings of certain musical instruments. Commercial aircraft, race cars and yachts contain tungsten products, as the metal’s density provides counterweight, weight and stability.


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