It was shown that the dispersion of K-bubbles could not directly affect the Charpy impact performance of the modified tungsten materials below 1000 °C, although the improvement of the impact performance by grain refinement induced by K-doping was significant. In the case of W-3% Re(H) and K-doped W-3% Re(H) plates, the effect of Re addition broadly consists of grain refinement effects caused by the inhibition of grain boundary movement by solute Re, and solid solution strengthening and softening effects caused by solute Re.

The ductile transfer temperature (DBTT) of modified tungsten materials can be evaluated by several test methods, such as tensile testing, bending testing, Charpy impact testing and fracture toughness testing. The DBTT is highly dependent on the test method, strain rate and specimen shape. Researchers have used Charpy impact and tensile tests to evaluate DBTT.

An increase in deformation ratio of modified tungsten materials can produce relatively rapid microstructural recovery and is generally less resistant to recrystallization. In the present study, materials with higher deformation ratios showed slightly lower recrystallization temperatures compared to materials with lower deformation ratios having the same major chemical composition.

Analysis of latest tungsten market from Chinatungsten Online

China tungsten price continued to remain stable in the week ended on Friday, May 26, 2023 as most market participants tended to stabilize the market after the release of long-term contract prices from listed tungsten enterprises. 

At the beginning of the week, China’s domestic rare earth market maintained a relatively strong operation. Under the mutual influence of positive and negative factors, the negotiation atmosphere between buyers and sellers was slightly stalemate. 

Molybdenum market on May 29, 2023: At the beginning of the week, the overall Chinese molybdenum market was relatively optimistic, mainly due to the difficulty in increasing the supply of molybdenum raw materials and the increased enthusiasm of downstream users for inquiries and purchases. 

To assess the stability of the high-temperature microstructure of modified tungsten materials, including the recovery, recrystallization and grain growth stages, the Vickers hardness and grain size were measured after isothermal annealing at 1100-2300°C for 1 hour.

In some coastal areas, the sea occasionally glows blue-green at night as bioluminescent plankton lurch through the waves. Rare earths also radiate light when stimulated. de Bettencourt-Dias says the trick is to tickle their f-electrons for adding color and brilliance to electronics.

In Frank Herbert's space opera Dune, a precious natural substance called "spice mixture" gives people the ability to navigate the vast universe to build an interstellar civilization. In real life on Earth, a group of natural metals known as rare earth elements make our modern technology possible. The demand for these key components in virtually all modern electronics is skyrocketing.

In 1945, scientists built the ENIAC, the world's first programmable general-purpose digital computer (SN: 2/23/46, p. 118). Nicknamed the "Giant Brain," ENIAC weighed more than four elephants and covered an area about two-thirds the size of a tennis court. Less than 80 years later, the ubiquitous smartphone, which has far more computing power than the ENIAC. society owes this miniaturization of electronics in large part to the special magnetic power of rare earths. A small rare-earth magnet can do the same job as large magnets that do not contain rare earths.