New Rare Earth Industry Standard was Issued, Promoting the Healthy and Stable Development of Tungsten Market (Tungsten Heater)

It is reported that in accordance with relevant state laws and regulations, industry policies and standards, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China has issued “Rare Earth Industry Norm Conditions (2016 version)” and “Rare Earth Industry Norm Conditions Bulletin Management Approach” in order to protect China's rare earth resources and the ecological environment  and regulate tungsten market (tungsten heater) management promoting adjustment of industrial structure and transformation of economic and promoting the healthy and stable development of tungsten market (tungsten heater).

tungsten heaterThere are a series of new regulations for the supervision and management in Chapter III.

Article IX indicates that rare earth enterprises who want to apply standardized conditions announcements should truthfully fill in any application materials. List of rare earth enterprises which enter the announcement should strictly follow the requirements of production and business activities of "standard".
Announcement enterprises should establish production and management accounting, accept supervision and inspection of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China, local people's governments at all levels and the rare earth industry department.
Article X: Provincical (autonomous regions and municipalities) People's Government and the rare earth industry department would work with relevant departments to supervise and test for the "standard conditions" of announcement enterprises, report the result of the supervision and inspection to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China timely.
Article XI: welcome and encourage social supervision. Any unit or individual can make a complaint or report to the competent department of the rare earth industry if found the related rare earth enterprises do not meet the relevant requirements of "standard conditions".

The new "standard conditions" have carried out detailed provisions for various aspects of the establishment and layout, production scale, resource utilization and other rare earth projects.

Environmental Policy and Brexit Affected Tungsten Market

tungsten rods

In late June, Chinese announced the "National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes" 2016 edition. The catalogue noted the tungsten slag which produced for ammonium paratungstate alkaline decomposition process and molybdenum slag which produced form molybdenum removal process and waste water are included in the non-ferrous metal smelting waste, belong to toxic smelting waste. But other tungsten products smelting slag has not yet been included in the catalogue.

In June 29, 2016, Ganzhou Tungsten Industry Association held a meeting with APT smelting enterprises directors. This meeting fully analyzed the impact of this environmental policy on APT smelting enterprises and discussed the appropriate response options. This environmental policy will begin on August 1 and for APT smelting enterprises still have one month grace period. The relevant manufacturers can find a way to solve the difficulties and problems. It is said environmental policy will not great influence on the smelting factory, mainly because tungsten market is now at a low season, having low operating rates, so the prices continued to slight decline and tungsten raw material and tungsten finished manufacturers enthusiasm is not high.

Brexit resulting pound continues to fall, the euro against the dollar also fell more than three percent, while the swiss franc and the Japanese yen has been skyrocketing. Brexit direct affects the global currency market. In order to stabilize the economy, many countries have begun to currency intervention. Europe As a cross-border export electricity supplier important market, is now in the economy shocks and the pound and the euro will likely continued to depreciate, which to some extent, in favor of tungsten market import, such as imports of tungsten related equipment. But in this economic situation will reduce the profits of business, which is not conducive to exports. The official pointed out, the current China logistics companies which employ cross-border e-commence in EU usually through the UK into the EU, therefore the British leaved form Europe have a certain impact on China-EU cross-border logistics service providers. Brexit will make the global economy in long grace period, so countries should make corresponding measures to stabilize their economies.

Coal Market Warmed in June, Tungsten Trioxide Denitration Catalyst Assists Ultra Low Emission

denitration catalyst and coalThis year, both the coal supply and demand maintained low, because of the coal mine production by the upstream, downstream and macroeconomic impact of limited production, energy conservation and other factors,. The first half of June, south of China is in a time of the rainy season, residents used the less amount of electricity, plus the power transmission from west to East increased and the abundant hydropower and other factors, the number of shipping of the coal plants have been suppressed. However, as temperature rise, the stuffy weather come into being, the loading of air-conditioning cooling has been increased, the public electricity surge, and also brought an increase in the amount of coal. June, coal prices rose slightly by 10 yuan (RMB)/ton, the media reported, in July, the coal prices will rise by 10~15 yuan (RMB)/ ton.
 
With the increase of the amount of coal, it will inevitably lead to the increase in the number of coal-fired of the coal companies, under the situation of “Ultra-Low Emission”, coal plants are supposed to have a better treatment for the coal fired exhaust gas, to install or improve the exhaust gas desulfurization and denitration process. Ultra-low emissions generally refers specifically to coal-fired boilers in thermal power plants using a variety of contaminant removal effective coordination system integration technology in the process of generating electricity, the ending treatment and other processes, thus to make the emission concentration of dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, etc. are in compliance with emission requirements .
 
In all denitration projects, SCR technology is considered to be the most mature, with the most stable performance, the best denitration efficiency. Denitration catalyst refers to Power Plant SCR (selective catalytic reduction) catalyst on the NOx removal system, to promote the material and selectively reducing nitrogen oxides in the flue gas occurs at a certain temperature chemical reaction. Currently, the commonly used denitration catalyst contains the ingredient of tungsten trioxide (WO3) or [molybdenum trioxide (MoO3)], and its content is generally about 10% of the total catalyst mass; tungsten trioxide can play an anti-sulfide, poisoning resistance and other auxiliary roles; also, it can increase the temperature adaptability of titanium dioxide, the thermal stability of the carrier, playing the role of anti carrier sintering.

 

Interpret "National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes", Regenerate WO3 Waste Denitration Catalyst

regenerate waste denitration catalystRecently, China has revised and promulgated the "National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes" (version 2016), and will be taken effect on August 1st, 2016. In this revising, the 49 major categories 400 kinds of hazardous wastes of the 2008 edition of was adjusted to 46 major categories 479 kinds (362 kinds from the original catalogue, and 117 kinds added); wherein the primary organic solvents waste, waste halogenated organic solvents and waste organic solvent are combined into the waste organic solvents and waste solvent-containing, and removed the containing polychlorinated furans waste and containing polychlorinated dioxins, while increased the waste category of waste catalyst at the same time.
 
With the deeply controlling of Chinese air pollution, the using amount of the catalyst which is the core of SCR denitration system will be more and more, and that means more waste catalyst will be created. The current approach to handle the waste denitration catalyst is usually the landfill, incineration, recycling treatment; the recycling treatment can divided into directly regeneration and comprehensive recovery; directly regeneration will be able to save a lot of money for the company, because the total cost of the catalyst takes about 30% of the whole investment of denitration system. SCR DeNOx catalyst usually takes titanium dioxide as the carrier, vanadium pentoxide as the main active material, tungsten trioxide (WO3) as the co-catalyst which plays the roles of sulfur poisoning, anti-sintering of carrier ect.. Because vanadium pentoxide is a highly toxic substance, if it is discharged directly into the environment, it will bring a huge threat to the environmental protection, and also may cause damage to human bodies and animals; therefore, it is imperative for its regeneration and recycling.
 
The regeneration methods of WO3 waste denitration catalyst ate the online regeneration and plant regeneration, on-site regeneration is now not advocated, due to secondary pollution caused, and the not enough professional of the on-site personnel; and the plant regeneration is a regenerated way which promoted more, because the activity of the renew waste WO3 denitration catalyst can be greatly, and furthermore, with the more perfect of the entire treatment process, it will cause no secondary pollution.

 

Illegal Dumping Jailed in Yunnan, WO3 Photocatalyst Degrades Landfill Leachate

Not long ago, the first case of illegal dumping of landfill leachate and caused environmental pollution of Yunnan which has caused much concern has been adjudged; the defendant because of surrender and pleaded guilty with a good attitude, has jailed for 2 years and will respite for 2 years, also he was imposed a fine of 20,000 and do some service as a environment volunteer. It is reported that this case is because the defendant privately dumped his transportation of 29 cars which totaled 568.34 tons of pollutants into the environment, under the case of known the heavy metals, organic compounds should be transported to a special institution for professional treatment, and thus caused serious pollution to the surrounding environment. In this regard, the court verdict this case based on the principle of "spoiler repairs, polluter controls".

tungsten trioxide and landfill leachate
 
Landfill leachate is the high concentration of organic or inorganic ingredients liquid which generates from the landfill garbage piling up in the biochemical degradation process due to compaction, fermentation, etc., while in precipitation and groundwater seepage produces liquid comprising. In the biological pretreatment process, titanium dioxide photocatalyst has been used in the degradation of landfill leachate, and the experiments showed that this is a successful method for cleaning leachate. In addition, the experimental has derived the factors which influence photocatalytic oxidation process of landfill leachate, they are photocatalyst dosage, pH value, light intensity, illumination time and oxygen content dissolved in the water ect..
 
Tungsten trioxide (WO3), a yellow powder, the large number of it is used for the production of metal tungsten; in addition, WO3 has the property of semiconductor, with the band gap of 2.4eV ~ 2.8eV. WO3 as a photocatalyst can response to visible light, thus to fully use the solar energy, instead of relying on the ultraviolet light, such as titanium dioxide. Photocatalytic activity is a common decision of the ability of absorbing light, charge separation and the transferring efficiency to the substrate. WO3 has a wider spectral response capability, to this point of view, it should have a stronger catalytic oxidation than titanium dioxide, and can be used for landfill leachate degradation. In addition, studies have shown that yttrium (Y+) doped WO3 photocatalyst can improve the ability to absorb light, thus improve the photocatalytic activity of the system.

 

First "Botanical Garden" Sewage Treatment Plant Settled Shanghai, WO3 Photocatalyst Treats Industrial Waste Water

What is the sewage treatment plant looks like in your mind? Reinforced concrete sedimentation tanks, smelly, dirty, disorderly environment? No! The first "botanical garden" type sewage treatment plant will start to build and put into operation! Recently, it is reported that a "botanical garden" type sewage treatment plant has been built in the coast of Wu Song Shanghai, which introduced more than 3,000 species of plants and microorganisms, such as Datura flowers, Periwinkle, European alder, Canna, and is expected to be operational next year; by then , this botanical garden which uses the food chain reactor sewage treatment technology can not only improve the urban environment, but also can handle more than 40,000 cubic meters of polluted water for the urban residents every day.

nano photocatalyst network and botanical garden sewage treatment plant
 
Wet air oxidation method is proved to be an effective wastewater treatment technology, and already has been used in a large number of organic or polluted water containing toxic chemicals which the conventional biological treatment methods are not very effective; however, the strict reaction conditions cause the very expensive equipment and transportation costs, and therefore this method is rarely used in the treatment of organic industrial waste water. There has been a lot of research work on photocatalysis for the terms of general organic waste water treatment, foreign countries have large-scale photocatalytic degradation of organic wastewater and deeply processing experiments of drinking water, and furthermore Europe has been conducting experiments on photocatalytic purification of the river.
 
Tungsten trioxide (WO3) is the most common form of tungsten oxide, which is produced by controlling the appropriate reaction conditions, has the properties of electrochromic, gas sensitivity, semiconductor and so on. As one of semiconductor photocatalysts, WO3 can be used for the photocatalytic degradation of organic, dye and papermaking waste water; also it can be used to deal with inorganic pollution and inorganic synthesis; at the same time, it also plays an excellent effect on the photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen. In addition, WO3photocatalyst plays an effective role in the treatment of organic phosphorus pesticide, dye wool and chlorinated organic compounds waste water ect..

 

6.5 Million Die for Air Pollution Yearly, Tungsten Trioxide Desulfurization Catalyst Experts on Haze Governance

June 27th, the International Energy Agency (referred to as the IEA) issued a thought-provoking report that air pollution has led to a major public health crisis, and resulted in about 6.5 million deaths each year, also said that "a lot of the root causes and solutions" of the energy industry on air pollution has been found. It is reported that this is the Paris-based energy security agency first study of air pollution, and will continue to expand their mandate. Facing with the current very urgent situation of global climate change, as well as India and other countries have become major energy consumer and pollution countries in the world, the International Energy Agency decided to re-adjust its strategy. In April this year, New Delhi, the Indian capital has been reported to become the world's worst area of haze, which caught up with China, and furthermore its air pollution level is continuously deteriorating.

tungsten trioxide and desulfurization tower
 
Recently, the latest research of the Beijing University showed that the residents using coal is the main source of haze; data showed that in Beijing, home energy use accounts for only 18% of total energy used, but it caused 50% of the black carbon particulate and 69% organic carbon particulate emission; in addition, because of the low combustion efficiency and the lack of flue gas treatment equipments, the residents source emissions have make an important contribution to the concentrations of primary particulate matter and sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere.
 
Flue gas desulfurization tower is commonly used in industrial flue gas treatment apparatus, and desulfurization catalyst is required in the desulfurization process, which  plays a catalytic role within a certain range of pH values. Tungsten trioxide (WO3) is one of tungsten (VI) oxides, the important intermediate form from the industry of tungsten ore to tungsten, which is mainly used for making metal tungsten; at the same time, due to its properties, it is also often used for the preparation of denitrification and desulfurization catalyst. Tungsten trioxide as a main active material is uniformly dispersed on the desulfurization catalyst, to play the role of reducing the activation energy of desulfurization reaction; moreover, since the tungsten trioxide can alleviate sulfide poisoning of the catalyst and increase the anti-sintering capacity of the carrier, in the respects of improving activity, desulfurization efficiency of the catalyst, it also plays an extremely important role.

 

Price Trend of Tungsten in July, 2016

According to the analysis of tungsten market these months, the price of tungsten is going up and down, and it is expected that the trend in July is also in low level.

The world economy is under a downturn circumstance, demand of tungsten is going through the same situation. This year, its price has hit the bottom line as tungsten concentrate to be 57,000RMB/TON. After several government’s stimulus activities, such as State Reserve Purchasing and Storage Tungsten Plan, Main Tungsten Companies’ Meetings, the price has been going up until end May. Even the third Meeting of China Tungsten Industry Association and main suppliers had also held a meeting in Jun, but there seems no increasing after this meeting. As the opposite side, the price is going down and down, and the trend will continue in July.

tungsten ore and rod

Actually, the price of 57,000RMB/TON for the tungsten concentrate has beyond the manufacturers’ cost, and that is why most of the manufacturers are only opening for a basic salary support and equipments operations, but do not eager to larger the production volume. Even at such opening status, the stock size is still in thousand tons. A Jiangxi Company shows its stock as 400tons concentrate. In order to keep the price level in 75,000RMB/TON, the eight Largest Tungsten Suppliers has limited its production volume, with a hope that the market will be brighter.

As consumption productions, in fact, tungsten has also got a seasonal time, which is July and August. Europe and America have been two large tungsten users, most of factories are tend to being vacation to escape from such hot whether and high temperature. As a result, the purchasing in these two months will be obviously decreasing.

Less purchasing, but larger stock, tungsten price is expected to stay in a low level. Conversely, when the price decreases to a bottom level, stays and go up rapidly as a trend. Tungsten is a mysterious but significant material. No matter the price is, its strategic position is never changed. Down trend of raw material will lead to a finished products price declining, including tungsten bar, tungsten electrode, ect. Therefore, the price of tungsten finished products in July is still not so positive.

 

Tungsten Oxide Industry Analysis and Outlook 2016-2023

Tungsten Oxide Market: Emerging Applications and Drivers
Tungsten oxide has several everyday uses. It is used in the manufacture of tungstates for fireproofing fabrics, for x-ray screen phosphors, and in gas sensors. Tungsten trioxide is also used as a pigment in coatings, paints, and ceramics due to its rich yellow color. In addition, tungsten trioxide has also proven useful in the production of smart windows or electro chromic windows. Smart windows are essentially electrically switchable glass that can alter its light transmission properties when a certain voltage is applied. This allows the user to obtain the desired level of tint on their windows by deciding how much light they want passing through.

The growth in end user industries is expected to increase consumption of tungsten oxide. The growth in medical and firefighting industry is set to drive the tungsten oxide market. In addition, rising consumption of semi-conducting compounds in emerging economies of Asia Pacific and Latin America is expected to boost demand for tungsten oxide. However, availability of substitutes and fluctuating raw material prices could hamper the growth of the market.

Tungsten Oxide

Tungsten Oxide Market: Regional Dynamics
Growth in tungsten oxide demand is expected to be led by the Asia Pacific market, particularly China which accounted for majority of consumption in 2013. Major manufacturers of tungsten compounds are relocating their production facilities to China due to availability of cheap labor, infrastructure and attractive government policies. Republic of Korea, India, Vietnam, Malaysia, Cambodia, Australia, New Zealand and Sri Lanka are other major consumers of tungsten oxide in Asia Pacific. North America and Europe are mature markets and expected to experience moderate growth.

Tungsten Carbide High Head Cutter Pump

New CR series 3” and 4” tungsten carbide high head cutter pump produce heads of up to 70 metres.  Designed for cutting fibrous material in industrial or effluent/sewage applications, the new series was developed for applications where pump out either over longer distances or higher elevations is required.
“The new tungsten carbide high head cutter pump range is expected to be of real interest in sewage, effluent and industrial waste applications where more head is required than conventional equipment”, said Australian Pump Industries’ manager, Neil Bennett.  “The combination of the ability to chop material and pump to a high head is a new development,” he said.
The new three-phase CR series start from 2.2kW units that offer flows of up to 600 litres per minute with heads to 20 metres.  At the other end of the scale, the big 22kW 4” version delivers maximum flow of 1700 litres per minute with a head of 70 metres.
All submersible pumps are backed with a 3 year warranty. This is possible because they incorporate features that make them extremely robust and they are designed for an extended working life in severe conditions.

CR series incorporate a cutter mechanism that consists of a Tungsten carbide tip channel impeller and a saw-tooth suction cover hardened surface.  The cutter mechanism cuts fibrous material into small pieces permitting clog free pumping.
Like all sewage and wastewater pumps, the new CR series come with a unique anti-wicking cable entry.  This mechanism protects the motor by sealing the stripped back cable conductors with a moulded rubber or epoxy “potting” which has been loaded between each strand of the conductor.  This unique feature prevents wicking along the strands of the conductor itself and protects the motor.

The motors are dry type squirrel-cage induction design, housed in a water-tight casing.  They conform to insulation classes E or F.  In each of these insulation classes all standard pumps can be used in ambient temperatures of up to 40 degrees Celsius.
The CR series mechanical seal is a double silicone carbon style located inside an oil chamber.  The oil chamber, located beneath the pump chamber and the motor, prevents the ingress of water to the motor.  Tsurumi’s fully oil immersed mechanical seals eliminate spring failure caused by corrosion, abrasion or fouling.

The seal chamber is also fitted with a patented “oil lifter”.  This is a lubricating device for the mechanical seal.  It utilises the centrifugal force if the shaft seal by forcibly supplying lubricating oil to the mechanical seals.  This simple device protects both seals, lubricating and cooling but retaining stable shaft seal effect to extend life.
Pumps up to 7.5Kw have an auto cut out resetting CTP (Circle Thermal Protector).  This is integrated into the motor housing.  The CTP directly cuts the motor circuit if excessive heat builds up or an overcurrent caused by electrical or mechanical failure occurs.
Sliding discharge connectors are also available for the cutter pump range and are popular for permanent installations.  Pumps can be easily removed for maintenance without the need to drain the wastewater pond. The C series are available in a wide range of options from 50 through to 100mm discharge bores and with power ratings of between 0.75Kw to 15Kw.

tungsten carbide high head cutter pump

 

 

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