There are various kinds of test for penetration of EFP (explosively formed penetrators). The first method is utilizing impulse X radiography to know the speed and attitude of EFP before or after penetrating, residues of EFP after penetrating and the fragments after penetrating target. Because strong flashing light and smoke accompany with the process of penetrating. For that, the only method to know the influence of EFP on target and the situation after penetrating target is adopting X-ray radiography. So impulse X-ray radiography has significance for research on penetrating mechanism of EFP. However X-ray may do harm to health during test. So the protection to researchers is necessary. Tungsten alloy shielding tube is made of tungsten alloy for protecting researchers from damaging of X-ray. Tungsten alloy shielding tube has good performance of radiation to radioactive substance for the high density of tungsten alloy. Otherwise, compared with lead, tungsten alloy is more environmentally friendly，and tungsten alloy is non-toxic and non-radioactive.

In the middle of the 19th century tungsten was introduced to technical applications, mainly in steel production.  From then until the first quarter of the 20th century, its importance in this field steadily rose and steel became the biggest tungsten consumer.  Tungsten was among the first alloying elements systematically studied and used to improve steel properties, for example hardness, cutting efficiency and cutting speed of tool steels.  Different tungsten containing steels were developed in Austria, Germany, France and England, followed by high speed steels in the USA.  Pioneers in the field of tungsten applications in steel making were Franz Köller, Franz Mayr, Robert Mushet, Sir Robert Hadfield, Frederick Winslow Taylor and Mansel White.

The addition of tungsten to construction steels has decreased since 1940 because alloying with Mo and Cr, as well as with V and Ni, yielded better performance at a lower price.  From 1927, when cemented carbides (hardmetals) were developed, the production of total tungsten consumed in steelmaking declined constantly to a current figure of about 20%, but nevertheless steel is today the second biggest consumer.  This percentage is the average for demand worldwide but in different markets tungsten consumption of steel differs considerably, from 2% in the USA to about 10% in Europe and Japan and about 30% in Russia and China.


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Tungsten is a refractory metal with a high melting point and a very high density. It can be used in a pure form but it becomes more useful as an engineering material when alloyed with small quantities of other elements to form a group of products sometimes referred to as Tungsten Heavy Metal Alloys (WHAs). These alloys usually contain 90-97% tungsten and initial forming requires a process of pressing and sintering. Wrought shapes can then be produced however near-final-shape sintering is more common.

Most of the major applications for tungsten alloys are based on its very high density where it is used to control or distribute weight in some way. Tungsten is up to 65% denser than lead and 130% denser than steel. Radiation shielding is a second common application area. Tungsten alloys generally have high strength and good creep resistance however at low temperatures ductility is poor making it unsuitable for some applications. Corrosion resistance and magnetic properties can also be factors in alloy selection.

Tungsten can be used in a granular form to provide balance weight when used as simple ballast. However, more advanced applications form an actual component out of a suitable tungsten alloy making it a functioning part of a final assembly. Examples of this are found in aerospace (wing balances), defence (missile fin balance) and motorsport. Other application areas include computer disk balances, ordnance (kinetic energy penetration), marine balancing components and gyroscope components.


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Put powder raw materials into printer and then you can produce whatever you need such as toys, models, faking artifact, automobile components and even human organs by the influences of laser. The technique is called as 3D printing technique which is popular around the world and being consider as “ improving the realization of the third Industrial Revolution” by The British Economist.

Generally, people always consider that the U.S. is leading the industrial revolution. However, some news coming from China is shocking.

Those news shows that China has become the only nation which has hold lasing forming manufacturing technique of main bearing refractory metal parts and put the technique into application. By using 3D printing technique of refractory metal aircraft parts, it is the first time that China becomes the forefront of advanced level around the world in aerial materials industry.

Contributors for blowout of Chinese advanced fighters

Recently, in China Beijing international high-tech Expo, AVIC (Aviation Industry Corporation of China) and Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics shows the whole aircraft key refractory metal aircraft parts which are being manufactured by 3D printing technique and rewarded for the first prize of State Technological Invention Award, and a 5m² strengthen frame.

The foreign medium report that 3D printing technique is being widely used for the development of J-15 the first Chinese carrier aircraft, J-16 multirole combat aircraft, J-20 the fifth generation heavy fighters, J-31 the fifth generation medium fighters and C919 civil aircraft.

News Channel of CCTV reports that the main bearing refractory metal aircraft parts, being manufactured by 3D printing technique have been widely used for J-15, including the whole former landing chassis.

The application of 3D printing technique speeds up the development of Chinese advanced fighters. Relying on low cost and high speed of laser refractory metal aircraft parts forming technique, Shenyang Aircraft Corporation can assemble J-15, J-16, J-31 and other fighters and test flight in a year.

By adopting 3D printing technique, refractory metal aircraft parts which have complicated or special structure can take shape once without forging one by one and welding together, high improving the strength of fuselage.

According to the estimate, if refractory metal aircraft parts in F-22 are manufactured by Chinese 3D printing technique, the weight will decrease by 40% under the same strength. That will highly improve the thrust weight ratio and the properties of fighters.


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Tungsten alloy fishing sinkers are large proportion (> 18g/cc), small size. They are against strong wind, light into the water, sinking fast, and are the best alternative to lead sinkers. The fishing sinkers are best-selling in Europe, the United States and other developed countries.

Advantages of tungsten alloy fishing sinkers:
1. Small volume
High density make tungsten alloy fishing sinkers/weights smaller than the conventional lead fishing weights. It will be hung up far less with a tungsten sinker than with a lead sinker because of its smaller size.

2. Hard
It's harder than lead fishing weight. It will not be stuck in the jowl of the fish. So the shape will be maintained longer.

3. Strong wind resistance
As the high density of tungsten, the tungsten alloy fishing sinker makes your fishing easier. It is extremely sensitive and can actually help you “feel” what the bottom is made of and what your bait is bumping into, such as brush, rocks, mud, etc.Tungsten fishing weights/eyes are an ideal, environment-friendly alternative to lead weights, which are toxic and increasingly being labeled an environmental hazard.


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Fish shape tungsten alloy jigs, the most technologically advanced weight available today, are standard in the industry and have been worked into almost every famous pattern available on the market.

Fish shape tungsten alloy jigs provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to lead. Comprised of tungsten, the second hardest substance next to diamonds, fish shape tungsten alloy jigs do not add pollutants to water. Fish shape tungsten alloy jigs are 25 percent smaller, much more sensitive and emit twice the sound of lead, they pick up bottom compositions much better than lead or brass weights, their sensitivity gives you the ability to better define under water structure.

Fish shape tungsten alloy jigs with shape of fish are used not only to provoke the big fish to bite, but also to force the fly to sink the bottom because of the tungsten material which is about three times heavier than lead.


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Tungsten nuclear radiation shielding can be broadly classified into three categories. These three categories are labeled with the first three letters of the Greek alphabet: α(alpha), β (beta) and γ (gamma). Alpha radiation consists of a stream of fast-moving helium nuclei (two protons and two neutrons). As such, an alpha particle is relatively heavy and carries two positive electrical charges. Beta radiation consists of fast-moving electrons or positron (an antimatter electron). A beta particle is much lighter than an alpha, and carries one unit of charge. Gamma radiation consists of photons, which are without mass and carry no charge. X-rays are also photons, but carry less energy than gammas. Some materials absorb beta rays. You can measure this absorption by fixing beta source and a radiation monitor so their positions do not change.

Tungsten heavy alloy has high absorption rate on X rays and gamma rays. Tungsten is 60% better than lead in shielding against X rays and gamma radiation therefore; it can be significantly reduced in size.

Tungsten nuclear radiation shielding also has another characteristic, very high melting point. By this, tungsten alloy nuclear radiation shielding can be used in high temperature which can not be used with lead, for example nuclear scrap container.

Due to its unique characteristics, people use tungsten alloy nuclear radiation shielding in medicine, tungsten nuclear radiation shielding, such as collimator, tungsten alloy nuclear radiation shielding, beamline, PET syringe shield, vial shield, tungsten alloy nuclear radiation shielding is used to protect workers from the radioactive sources of the scanner used in security and aerodrome, coach stop, etc. Tungsten alloy nuclear radiation shielding is also used in the equipment of industrial radiography, pipe-line inspection (collimator or tungsten nuclear radiation shielding).

The properties of tungsten alloy:
As is known to all, tungsten alloy has so many advantages, such as high density, small volume, excellent hardness, superior wearing resistance, high ultimate tensile strength, high ductility, high temperature resistance, high radiation adsorption capability, etc. so most of the components in computers are used tungsten alloy as the material.

The advantages of tungsten alloy used in computer:
Tungsten alloy in computer used the property of high radiation of the tungsten alloy. The computers are widely used in our lives, we can not survive without computers. The radiation from the computers is very harmful to our body. Tungsten alloys is a best choices for radiation shielding applications, especially in computers. Compared to traditional radiation shielding materials, tungsten alloys radiation shield provide excellent value.

A high-density alloy can provide the same energy absorption as lead using 1/3 less material. People are taking advantage of tungsten alloy’s reliable radiation shielding properties to make screen of the computers, in this way, our eyes can not be so tired when using computers for a long time and it is also good to our health. Tungsten alloy radiation shield give you best protection from the harmful radiation. Meet to the AMS 21014 and ASTM B777 material standard, we can offer tungsten alloy radiation shields with finished machining by CNC according to clients drawings. Compared to traditional radiation shielding materials such as lead and boron carbide, tungsten alloys provide excellent density with small capacity. Tungsten alloy material could be made with thinner thickness but high absorption of radiation in high density. That is why most manufactures choose tungsten alloy as the material for computers.

High temperature resistance is another advantage to use tungsten alloy in computer. After a long time using of computer, it produce a lot of heat, which is result in the slow of speed, tungsten alloy can resistant the problems.


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Lead's popularity is mainly due to its outstanding physical properties: high density, ease of casting and fabrication, and malleability.

Tungsten is a much suitable material for lead replacement applications. It has an even higher density than lead. However, due to its extremely high melting temperature, molding tungsten into a shape is complex and costly. Still, tungsten can be formed into solids through a process called sintering. This is where tungsten and other metal powders are pressed into shape and bound in a special furnace.

Another approach to using tungsten powder as a lead replacement is currently used by many companies that manufacture non-toxic thermoplastic composite materials. These materials are mostly used for injection molding processes contain a variety of polymers and fillers.


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Many people think tungsten and titanium are very similar metals, but in reality they are actually very different.  If you were to hold a tungsten ring and a titanium ring in your hands, the first thing you would notice is the weight.  Titanium ring is very light weight.  It feels as if the ring were made of plastic, many people do not believe they are holding a metal object.  Tungsten, on the other hand, is a very dense metal.  It feels as if you are holding a gold ring.  Many people prefer the weight and heft of tungsten ring because they feel that their wedding ring should be something strong and heavy feeling.  

After all, one of the reasons people cherish platinum is because it also has a heavy weight.  A difference between the metals that is not noticeable immediately is that tungsten is very hard, so it is very difficult for a tungsten ring to get scratched.  In fact it is the hardest metal on earth, only non-metals such as diamonds are harder than tungsten.  Titanium is about 4 times less hard than tungsten.  It is quite easy to scratch a titanium ring.  One drawback of tungsten being so hard, is the metal does not bend.  If enough force is applied the ring can crack or break, whereas titanium ring will bend out of shape.


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