Electrochromism: Tungsten Trioxide

Now, when it comes to electrochromism, many people think of tungsten trioxide. So, do you have a certain understanding of the mechanism of the electrochromic materials proposed by scientists? Scientists have proposed numerous models and assumptions. What are the models that are widely accepted and widely used?

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One of the models is the electrochemical reaction model. The electrochemical reaction model was introduced in 1975. The model believes that the cause of electrochromism is: The material undergoes an electrochemical reaction under the action of an external electric field, and the valence state of the oxide changes, and the generated chemical products are of different colors. Taking WO3 as an example, the following electrochemical reaction occurred during the electrochromic process, forming a tungsten oxide WO3-x, which changed from colorless to blue:

WO3 + 2xH+ +2xe-←→WO3-x + xH2O

Some scientists have proposed similar theories, except that they think that the product produced is WO3-x(OH)x:

WO3 + xH+ +xe-←→WO3-x(OH)x

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