March 26 WTO panel ruled that China violated WTO rules on export quotas and tax aspects and violate WTO commitments. Country on April 17 to appeal to the WTO Dispute Settlement Body .

China appeals on the case , not merely for that attitude , but also should make every effort to argue. It should be noted , quotas and taxes are to protect our rare earth resources, protecting the environment an integral part of a comprehensive set of measures , and achieved good results. In addition, valuable heavy rare earth resources, especially rare earth resources , not only China , but also the world. Rare efficient use and sustainable development is the common responsibility of all countries , rare earth consuming countries to give full understanding and cooperation. But regardless of the outcome of the appeal , this event will have the rare earth industry in China , especially impact on the adjustment of the export of rare earth management style .

Senior Fellow Renhao Ning believes that " rare event " indicates feelings should not be confused with the rules , even though Chinese exports of rare earths to take measures to compress purpose is to protect the environment, conserve resources, protect the healthy development of industry , exports and tax policy is clearly associated with the WTO principles of conflict is inevitable losing the first round , many people in the industry start of the event would have been expected to result. China's rare earth industry for domestic enterprises ' self-sacrifice , as the world's " very critical approach , firmly believes that if this situation will certainly not be reversed consume a lot of rare earth resources in the coming years , in terms of these allegations from the emotional nature can stand maintained feet, while international trade, international competition is supposed to be the game rules , laws and regulations, will confuse the two companies not only do not help solve the problem, but may stimulate unnecessary resentment .

" rare event " once again shows that our understanding of the WTO rules of the game too , able to skillfully use the success stories are few and far , to make international lawsuit requires professional international trade professionals and legal professionals , government departments, corporate level , public media , the general public can play a role is relatively weak, protests and indignation can not solve any problems as soon as possible to master all WTO rules , the use of skills, core essentials is the key, the only way to face a similar incident when our will ease.

In fact , the industry need not overreacting to the event , can not effectively evade surveillance by other countries and with the tax , but the domestic enterprises to " knife " can effectively solve this problem. Mergers and acquisitions, to combat smuggling , strict environmental labeling, accelerate industrial upgrading , improve the industrial chain initiatives can achieve good results, and at the national level have been doing this work , rare earth giant at the core of the company will become the industry leader, industry enhance the concentration of rare earth primary products inevitably reduce the number of outward flow . Coupled with state- of rare earth giant " understanding" and ability to execute on a strong national policy than many small and medium enterprises , scattered, small , chaotic situation will be effectively addressed.

" rare event " fermentation process, the level of China's foreign 've lost the initiative, part of the appeal just to fight for breathing space , internal work is most important. After all , China's rare earth industry is unable to determine the overall demand , but the supply of the domestic industry, but can be adjusted by covert policy , many " smart measures " iron ore giants , oil giant is worth learning from.


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In recent days, Fujian ( Longyan ) rare earth industrial park standard factory lights, just introduced in March this year in Taizhou, Zhejiang Cheng Magnet Co., Ltd. invested 50 million yuan mass production of NdFeB magnets deep processing projects , working overtime for production equipment the commissioning is expected to be formally put into production this month .

Since last year, Fujian ( Longyan ) Rare Earth Rare Earth Industrial Park to strengthen the application of technology investment in developed countries and regions , focusing on the introduction of large projects to expand the industrial chain extension , a good project , and processed for Shanghai , Zhejiang , Guangdong and other places of rare earth deep Fuan large enterprises stagnation targeted investment to improve the effectiveness. Currently, the park introduced a total contracted 16 projects , of which 14 projects have landed a total investment of 3.964 billion yuan , the production can be expected to achieve an annual output value of 8.0 billion yuan; talking about projects include a total investment of 1.176 billion yuan in the oil , with an annual 50,000 tons of rare earth petroleum cracking catalyst projects.


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China appeals on the case , not merely for that attitude , but also should make every effort to argue. It should be noted , quotas and taxes are to protect our rare earth resources, protecting the environment an integral part of a comprehensive set of measures , and achieved good results. In addition, valuable heavy rare earth resources, especially rare earth resources , not only China , but also the world. Rare efficient use and sustainable development is the common responsibility of all countries , rare earth consuming countries to give full understanding and cooperation.

But regardless of the outcome of the appeal , this event will have the rare earth industry in China , especially impact on the adjustment of the export of rare earth management style .

China formally joined the WTO in 2001 , when the WTO since made ​​a pass , naturally we must do as the Romans , to be bound by the rules of the WTO . In accordance with its WTO commitments , China on 84 tariff lines may impose export tariffs , and rare earths , molybdenum , and other related products are not among these 84 tariff lines , tungsten products is only one tariff included. Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Article 20 involving exhaustible natural resources exceptions , that is, if a country faced with the depletion of resources , you can use to set export quotas to be protected , and thus control the exploitation , to extend the useful lives , but at the same time to reduce domestic consumption . China nearly two years, citing the terms of the complaint , but did not support the Panel and Appellate Body .

Some people say , WTO rules on a number of natural resource extraction and export of resources in favor of consuming countries ( mainly developed ) . Once a country's resources to be mined , it is necessary to meet the nations kept export demand and relatively low processing efficiency of resource exports and resource -consuming countries obtained , there is a serious interest asymmetry, uneven. But rules are rules , they must abide by the rules once developed .

The Chinese domestic industry appeal will win a grace period , we should seize the time judged the impact of this initiative on China's rare earth industry and export management brings, and the situation as soon as possible to consider appropriate new rare earth export management. Over the years we have rare earth production and export management experience and lessons from abroad should also be well-established practice in this regard . There is such a saying that " China will buy what you sell what it cheaper ." Here there must be changes in the international market, the law of supply and demand , effective coordination of foreign suppliers , and we import and export management , bargaining power industry as a whole and industry self-regulation , such as deep-seated reasons , worthy of serious analysis and find ways to cope .

Currently before us it is important to quotas , de rare earth export tariff of how management issues . Rare earth industry is not large, but the complexity and difficulty of managing all to see. Future must be long-term perspective , considering the whole industry chain from Rare to prevent over-exploitation and excessive smelting, high-pressure situation against illegal mining and smelting , resolutely implement the protection of resources and the environment , restoration ecology and a series of policies and regulations , improve industrial concentration, severe combat smuggling . In this way , based on the establishment of rare earth export management.

More attention should be paid is that a lot of high-tech products, particularly important is the required manufacturing parts, components have to use rare earth oxides, metals or rare earth materials, but we still can not produce , or are still samples and small scale production stage , will require a lot of imports from developed countries, and is severely counter . To this end, China will make the rare earth deep processing , especially the use of rare earth raw materials to produce high-tech, high value-added products as a top priority .

Rare earth raw materials and processed products wind power, new energy vehicles, rail transportation , new electric light, the automobile exhaust has an important role , as well as possible by the strong development of solar power generation , marine engineering , cloud computing, controlled nuclear fusion , laser device , biotechnology, energy saving materials and equipment have to look forward to new applications. Only high-end applications up, we can put the resource advantages into economic advantages , from a " rare big country " to " rare earth power " changes. We have to build the future together diverse countries in the world , sustainable use of the world's rare earth supply system, to jointly develop high-end applications of rare earth , rare earth and better for the benefit of all mankind .


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Russian customs online website reported on April 22 , the Eurasian Economic Commission Council decided on pure form , and mixed forms of rare earth metals , scandium and yttrium , temporary implementation of zero import tariffs. These metals are used to obtain ultra-hard material.

Eurasian Economic Commission informed the implementation of zero tariff from 1 May 2014 to 30 April 2015 .

Trade ministers of the Eurasian Economic Commission Andrei ?J Leo Puni AF believes that this measure is intended to reduce the shortage of the Customs Union member states market scandium and yttrium , as in Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan is almost not produce these rare earth metals, rare earth imports of these zero tariff customs Union member states will help develop high-tech industries.

In addition, the Eurasian Economic Commission Council decided to roll import tariffs for certain types of rolling mills increased from 0% to 8.3%. This is to improve the Customs Union member states force business investment and help expand the utilization of production equipment.


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Rare earth prices mainly weak , lanthanum , cerium , dysprosium europium slightly lower . Downstream market continued demand for light phosphor , europium , yttrium prices were slightly Yindie ; downstream polishing powder industry continuing weakness , lanthanum , cerium prices continue to weaken ; other rare earth oxides and metals mainly steady .

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 570,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 310,000-320,000 yuan / ton.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 163-165 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 168-170 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 19,000-20,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 20,000-21,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 410,000-420,000 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,950-4,050 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,000-3,200 yuan / kg.


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China 's rare earth export management triggered Sino-US trade litigation is still an upgrade. Following the April 8 the United States to the WTO dispute settlement body to appeal , the Chinese side on April 17 to the WTO dispute settlement mechanism proposed cross- appeal.

Ministry of Commerce spokesman Shen Danyang at a regular press conference on April 17 , said the current case is in the trial stage of the Appellate Body , the Chinese side will make every effort to appeals . Shen Danyang also stressed that no matter how the outcome of the appeal , Chinese protection of resources , environmental policy objectives will not change , it will continue to comply with WTO rules and ways to strengthen the management of resource products , maintain fair competition.

Insiders said the appeal focuses on the case to express our attitude and position . This trade dispute "tug of war " has exposed the development of the industry and the use of international trade rules on how to make up the short board should be the focus of attention.

Appeal " comeback " is not likely

Multiple measures taken to protect the resources and protect the environment in line with the original intention of the WTO rules , but also get the support of the expert group on the whole . But WTO also provides the same control must be implemented in the country . In the direct use of export taxes , export quotas and other initiatives , while no corresponding domestic controls to keep up with , so being accused of a violation of the relevant national non- discrimination principle , be the expert group identified as illegal . This did not make too many people by surprise. Insiders accepted International Business Daily reporter interviewed have said that the WTO panel ruled that the views in the " expected ."

He Weiwen China WTO Research Association , said he had expected a few years ago RE disputes occur. "We set up rare earth export quotas and export taxes in order to protect resources and the environment , this is still compliant . But the problem is in the domestic market is not similar to the consumption of rare earth products and prices sophisticated management practices, thus creating inequality both inside and outside . " He Weiwen said.

CIC Institute metallurgical industry consultants Court Zhibin told reporters in an interview that other countries protect the rare earth and other strategic resources policies often have hidden and internal resistance characteristics, coercive measures in international trade aspects of the phenomenon is not much see .

Yuan Zhibin that China 's export management measures respondent " fair, reasonable , but non-compliance ." Therefore , more cross- appeal was filed shows that our attitude and position on the case , the possibility of the WTO Appellate Body commuted results are not great. " the corporate level, the general public and the media on the Chinese media have sympathetic understanding of rare earth mentality , so you can get more time to appeal to the domestic enterprises to make adjustments, but under WTO rules must be observed. " Yuan Zhibin commented.

External trade rules promote industrial upgrading and repair

Accordance with the WTO 's dispute settlement procedures, the Appellate Body Appellate Body report will be distributed from 60 to 90 days after the appeal , the case of " final ruling " results.

Yuan Zhibin , said the Chinese what the appeal will be final results are not important , but the event should cause deep reflection of government departments , industries , businesses and investors.

" low-end export resources , high-priced imports of refined resource industry ills , this extensive , unsustainable development patterns must be changed . No matter how external factors , the domestic industry should enhance their core competitiveness. " Yuan Zhibin said.

Zhang Anwen , deputy secretary general of China Society of Rare Earths also proposed that China " as soon as possible to prepare for the rare earth export management model to adapt to new circumstances ."

" How can the total exports in the future to consider how to develop the export entry threshold , how to reflect openness, fairness, and justice , and how to avoid disorder and export prices are out of control and other issues need to be considered , as far as possible to adapt to WTO rules , seeks profit Nourishing . " Zhang Anwen said.

He Weiwen said that as of now, all the trade dispute in the WTO dispute settlement mechanism accepted in China has 12 times as the complaining party , 31 times as a respondent party . " China has been sued so often that we have not done enough in terms of familiarity and control of WTO rules , this rare case for us again sounded the alarm. " He Weiwen said.


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March 26 WTO panel ruled that China violated WTO rules on export quotas and tax aspects and violate WTO commitments. Country on April 17 to appeal to the WTO Dispute Settlement Body .

China appeals on the case , not merely for that attitude , but also should make every effort to argue. It should be noted , quotas and taxes are to protect our rare earth resources, protecting the environment an integral part of a comprehensive set of measures , and achieved good results. In addition, valuable heavy rare earth resources, especially rare earth resources , not only China , but also the world. Rare efficient use and sustainable development is the common responsibility of all countries , rare earth consuming countries to give full understanding and cooperation.

But regardless of the outcome of the appeal , this event will have the rare earth industry in China , especially impact on the adjustment of the export of rare earth management style .

China formally joined the WTO in 2001 , when the WTO since made ​​a pass , naturally we must do as the Romans , to be bound by the rules of the WTO . In accordance with its WTO commitments , China on 84 tariff lines may impose export tariffs , and rare earths , molybdenum , and other related products are not among these 84 tariff lines , tungsten products is only one tariff included. Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Article 20 involving exhaustible natural resources exceptions , that is, if a country faced with the depletion of resources , you can use to set export quotas to be protected , and thus control the exploitation , to extend the useful lives , but at the same time to reduce domestic consumption . China nearly two years, citing the terms of the complaint , but did not support the Panel and Appellate Body .

Some people say , WTO rules on a number of natural resource extraction and export of resources in favor of consuming countries ( mainly developed ) . Once a country's resources to be mined , it is necessary to meet the nations kept export demand and relatively low processing efficiency of resource exports and resource -consuming countries obtained , there is a serious interest asymmetry, uneven. But rules are rules , they must abide by the rules once developed .

The Chinese domestic industry appeal will win a grace period , we should seize the time judged the impact of this initiative on China's rare earth industry and export management brings, and the situation as soon as possible to consider appropriate new rare earth export management. Over the years we have rare earth production and export management experience and lessons from abroad should also be well-established practice in this regard . There is such a saying that " China will buy what you sell what it cheaper ." Here there must be international laws of supply and demand changes in the market , foreign suppliers of effective coordination , and we import and export management, industry overall bargaining power and industry self-regulation , such as deep-seated reasons , worthy of serious analysis and find ways to cope .

Currently before us it is important to quotas , de rare earth export tariff of how management issues . Rare earth industry is not large, but the complexity and difficulty of managing all to see. Future must be long-term perspective , considering the whole industry chain from Rare to prevent over-exploitation and excessive smelting, high-pressure situation against illegal mining and smelting , resolutely implement the protection of resources and the environment , restoration ecology and a series of policies and regulations , improve industrial concentration, severe combat smuggling . In this way , based on the establishment of rare earth export management.

More attention should be paid is that a lot of high-tech products, particularly important is the required manufacturing parts, components have to use rare earth oxides, metals or rare earth materials, but we still can not produce , or still sample and small-scale production stage , will require a lot of imports from developed countries, and is severely counter . To this end, China will make the rare earth deep processing , especially the use of rare earth raw materials to produce high-tech, high value-added products as a top priority .

Rare earth raw materials and processed products wind power, new energy vehicles, rail transportation , new electric light, the automobile exhaust has an important role , as well as possible by the strong development of solar power generation , marine engineering , cloud computing, controlled nuclear fusion , laser device , biotechnology, energy saving materials and equipment have to look forward to new applications. Only high-end applications up, we can put the resource advantages into economic advantages , from a " rare big country " to " rare earth power " changes. We have to build the future together diverse countries in the world , sustainable use of the world's rare earth supply system, to jointly develop high-end applications of rare earth , rare earth and better for the benefit of all mankind .


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Inexpensive goods will bring trouble to the business side - in the Sino-US trade disputes rare case, the WTO (WTO) expert group identified preliminary export duties and export quotas for rare earth products to implement measures to China in violation of the established rules , China said export controls appeal to resources and environmental protection , trying to use the GATT (GATT) Article 20 of the general exception provisions on environmental protection to defend . How should the pricing of rare earth products in order to promote the healthy development of the industry in the production, processing, trade and other sectors ?

"inexpensive" troubles

Zhang Anwen , deputy secretary general of China Society of Rare Earths in an interview with the International Business Daily reporter interviewed introduced since the mid -1980s , originally based in the United States , including several other countries , including as a major supplier of rare earth resources in the pattern gradually changed to China -based suppliers . China accounts for 23 percent of the world's rare earth reserves to meet the global demand for more than 90% , the highest was 97% .

This change in the pattern of supply of inexpensive Chinese products with no doubt about . But Zhang Anwen view, behind the " poor quality " is the Chinese art of mining, dressing , smelting , separation technology, "cheap" embodies the disorder due to the production and export led sales price below cost the basic cost of environmental protection and ecological resources required to assume it is impossible to cover .

Every ton of rare earths will also produce hundreds of tons of waste, causing serious pollution of water and soil . U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) , said rare earths in the process can lead to contamination of surface water and groundwater heavy metals and radionuclides , and for the immersion of rare earth concentrated acid will make the soil near the mine no longer suitable for farming. " In other countries , mineral mining, the high cost required for the rule of environmental pollution makes some items discontinued, so that these countries by the rare earth exporter to importer . American Mountain Pass mine , Weld mine in Australia are rich reserves of rare earth minerals, nearly two years before resuming mining. Russia, India, over the years have greatly reduced the amount mined . " Zhang Anwen told reporters .

Many industry insiders believe that the price of domestic rare earth highly irregular , resource tax, resulting in sewage charges are not included in the cost of rare earth market price does not reflect its strategic importance .

establish a scientific pricing mechanism

Case appellant apparently refused to China 's rare earth production caused environmental pollution pay. United States, " International Business Times " (IBTimes) 3月27 , citing a professor of international economics at Princeton University view that " export product has nothing to do with environmental pollution , polluting rare earth production process , rather than export & rdquo ; . " China's rare earth export control whether we can reduce the size of its domestic production of rare earth ore is uncertain because China itself is also the consumption of rare earth products. " " International Economic Times "said .

U.S. This view is not groundless. It is understood that China's export volume of rare earth products and domestic consumption ratio is about 1:4. "In accordance with the principle of who the consumer who foot the bill , protecting natural resources and the environment of rare earth products should be consumed by the body - to be responsible for the domestic market . " " My colored net " Rare researcher Li Qing said .

Many industry insiders believe that currently China 's most should do is to limit the production and consumption of domestic rare earth , making it consistent with the export standards abroad , so as to enable resources to be truly protected , while avoiding trade friction.

Widely anticipated rare earth " group of six " is considered a good start regulate the rare earth market . Li Qing reminder: " After the establishment of a large group , more important things is to establish a scientific rare earth pricing mechanism. " In his view, a reasonable price should reflect both the strategic position of rare earth resources , and consistent with international trade rules.


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March 26 World Trade Organization (WTO) Panel decides that China violated WTO rules in rare earth export quota and tax aspects and violate WTO commitments. Country on April 17 to appeal to the WTO Dispute Settlement Body .

Insiders pointed out that , for this case , China should strive to respect rights . Meanwhile, the case is also to some extent to the relevant CE sounded the alarm industry extensive , unsustainable development patterns must be changed , but also international trade rules should be applied flexibly .


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RE market price two days were no major changes , poor market transactions . Insiders said the report doubts that the income will not so low , but low profit margin, he agrees , with "very low " to describe the current profitability of the rare earth market.

Praseodymium neodymium products, the current market price of the mainstream No significant adjustment , with votes still 41.5-42 yuan / ton, praseodymium , neodymium quote is more concentrated in the 325,000 yuan / ton. Recent downstream NdFeB industry running smoothly , although not a great demand , but the quote basically stable.

Dysprosium products market , the current external offer basic still 165-170 ten thousand yuan / ton , a trader said Ganzhou price of dysprosium oxide is now shipped with no votes at 142 yuan / ton, the current market price of dysprosium iron is also more steady at 175 yuan / ton or lower , the amount of purchases and inquiries unlikely.

Europium, terbium market , europium oxide turnover in the doldrums , the price temporarily no signs of a rebound , Ganzhou area businesses that currently europium oxide with votes still 3900-4100 yuan / kg , but not with votes in the 3350 yuan / kg , according to a trader now only reflect the goods when the customer will want to find some relatively low-priced goods to delivery. Baotou Rare Earth Exchange as of 14:00 today europium oxide maximum price displayed is 4849 yuan / kg , volume of only 112 kg . Terbium oxide stable at current prices 3200-3300 yuan / kg , quoted Baotou Rare Earth Exchange is still strong today, the highest price displayed on the 4022 yuan / kg , volume of about 200 kg .


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