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Electrical Characterization of Tungsten Oxide Nanowires

Details: Category: Tungsten Information; Published on Friday, 06 February 2015 16:46; Written by cq; Hits: 1599

Compared with other transition metal oxides, tungsten oxides have attracted great attention and have been investigated extensively due to their outstanding electrochromic, optochromic, and gaschromic properties. With those distinctive properties, tungsten oxides have been used to make at panel displays, photoelectrochromic smart windows and gas sensors. Non-fully oxidized tungsten oxides (WO3-x), such as W20O58, W18O49 and WO2, are of particular interest because of their unique electronic characteristics, e.g. tungsten oxide has been found to be a semiconductor, a conductor or a superconductor in different oxidization states.

The W18O49 nanowires are synthesized on the tungsten rod substrate by the CVD reaction in which tin powders are used to control oxygen concentration in the furnace and to aid the nanowires to grow. An appropriate flow rate of Ar and an extremely low oxygen concentration are essential for the W18O49 nanowire formation, which is still in the framework of the VS mechanism. The W18O49 nanowires may have potential applications in electronic nanodevices.

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Ammonium Paratungstate Application

Details: Category: Tungsten Information; Published on Friday, 06 February 2015 16:42; Written by zsq; Hits: 523

Ammonium paratungstate is produced separating tungsten from its ore. Once the ammonium paratungstate is prepared, it is heated to its decomposition temperature, 600 °C. Left over is WO3, tungsten(VI) oxide. From there, the oxide is heated in an atmosphere of hydrogen, reducing the tungsten to elemental powder, leaving behind water vapor. From there, the tungsten powder can be fused into any number of things, from wire to bars to other shapes.

Mainly used in the manufacture of tungsten metal powder like tungsten trioxide or tungsten blue oxide;the downstream products of metallic tungsten powder have tungsten material series, such as tungsten, tungsten and other electric vacuum materials; there are alloy series too, such as tungsten carbide alloy blade, alloy drill, alloy molds, etc.; and other wear, pressure, temperature and other machinery and equipment components.

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The Preparation of APT With High Purity(二)

Details: Category: Tungsten Information; Published on Friday, 06 February 2015 16:40; Written by zsq; Hits: 561

Two new technologies，i.e. mechanical activating caustic decomposition and removing molybdenum from tungstate solution by ion exchange method are used in this technological process for treating low grade tungsten concentrate with a low concent of WO3 and a high content of calcium and impurities to produce APT of high purity. The combination of whole technological process is reasonable and has the advantages of shorter high recovery of tungsten and high purity of product.

This technological process effectively utilized the resources flow grade tungsten concentrate with a high content of calcium and impurities in China and extended the utilization factor of mineral resources. The production cost is low . According to the statistical results of Siquan Chemical Industril Plant in 1992, additional profit of 5800 Yuan per t on APT may be obtained. Therefore, the social and economical benefits are obvious.

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A Facile Route to Tungsten Oxide Nano Materials (II)

Details: Category: Tungsten Information; Published on Friday, 06 February 2015 16:41; Written by cq; Hits: 1680

Although the arc method has a higher production rate than IGC system, the latter produces larger particles. Hence, a modified technique based on the IGC system was developed, in which blowing gases were introduced to obtain finer particles with better particle size distribution. To retain the benefits of both the arc discharge method and the IGC system, a plasma arc is used as the heat source and blowing gas is applied to quench the evaporated materials in this modified system. A simplified manufacturing process that enhances the purity of the as-prepared products is required. Therefore, an effective method, namely, the modified plasma arc gas condensation technique has been proposed.

A modified plasma arc gas condensation technique was successfully used to synthesize various nano-sized tungsten oxide nano materials with morphologies and structures that may be tuned by controlling the experimental parameters. Various non-stoichiometric WO3−x nano materials could be prepared by tuning the oxygen content during the process. W18O49nanotubes and nanorod bundles were also prepared by He plasma arc with different Ar/O2 ratios. In addition, W18O49/TiO2 core–shell nanoparticles were prepared by evaporating a dual target. In the present study, we addressed the feasibility of the plasma arc gas condensation technique and confirm its potential for nanomaterial fabrication.

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A Facile Route to Tungsten Oxide Nano Materials (I)

Details: Category: Tungsten Information; Published on Friday, 06 February 2015 16:39; Written by cq; Hits: 1632

Nano-sized materials and products have been used widely in many applications because of their outstanding properties, different from those of the bulk materials. In early investigations into nanotechnology, the arc discharge technique was the first well-developed method used to manufacture nanoproducts.

However, owing to difficulties involved in controlling the manufacturing parameters, the purity and quality of nanoproducts synthesized by arc discharge called for improvement. The inert gas condensation (IGC) system was thus established by Gleiter. Because there are no catalysts or containments, it is considered the cleanest method of producing high quality products. In this system, metals are first placed in a tungsten or graphite boat and evaporated. The metal vapor is then cooled under an inert gas atmosphere (e.g. helium or argon) to condense into clusters or nanoparticles.

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