Properties of Tungsten Mine Waste Geopolymeric Binder- Experimental Work I

Properties of tungsten mine waste geopolymeric binder

Experimental work

Materials

TMWM used in this study was subject to a thermal treatment at 950 C during 2 h, in order to achieve the dehydroxylated state. Mineralogical composition and thermal conditions were described elsewhere.The XRD patterns indicated that mine waste mud consists mainly of muscovite and quartz which were identified by their characteristic patterns as follows: muscovite (card 46 – 1409) and quartz (card 46 – 1045). For those thermal conditions XRD patterns indicated that dehydroxylation did not result in a complete collapse of muscovite structure. Calcination leads to formation of an amorphous phase, causing an increase in the general background (BG) of XRD patterns and dominantly taking place in the calcinations interval from 850 to 950 C, with a thermal behaviour similar to other phyllosilicate clay minerals. The main muscovite peak (2h = 8.8) persisted even after the sample had been heated at 950 C although it decreased considerably. Peak area measurements revealed that about 12% of muscovite survived calcination at 950 C. Molecular changes during dehydroxylation were also examined with infrared emission spectra (FTIR), confirming decrease in the absorption peaks at 3600-3700 (OH stretch), however peak did not disappear totally indicating only a partial transformation. 

 

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