Tungsten Copper Contacts With CeO2 Hardness

The hardness value of tungsten copper contacts (Cu20W80) by adding Ce is relatively large, and with the increase of amount, the hardness of the contacts does not change significantly, the reason is shown as follows:

Rare earth (Ce) and copper form the compound of CeCu₆, its particles is hard and distributes in the matrix, which plays the role of dispersion strengthening. Adding a small amount of Ce not only can make grains fine, but play the role of grain refinement, in addition, the purification of Ce makes the binding force of copper atoms enhanced, and these factors make the hardness of tungsten copper contacts improved. However, if the additive amount is too much, Cu20W80 will produce large amounts of oxide inclusions, resulting in the decrease in hardness.

The hardness value of tungsten copper sample by adding CeO₂ is small and the change is significant. Causes: What can be drawn from the results of density is that the density of sample adding rare earth oxide is generally low, this is the main reason of the hardness of sample is low when the additive amount is of 1% and 3% CeO_2. And because there are many porous holes and there is agglomeration phenomenon in the sample tissue of 3% of the amount of CeO₂, making hardness the minimum. As for the amount of 5% and 10% of the adding amount of CeO₂, which have improved the hardness of the sample, which is due to the effect of a second phase strengthening.

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