Influence of Tungsten Oxide Film Thick

Tungsten oxide films are of critical importance forelectrochromic device technology ,such as for smart windows capable of varying the throughput of visible light and solar energy.

Surface acoustic wave has been excited from a SAW device with 5.96 μm-thick ZnO and 1.15μm-thick UNCD films, which is successfully used for the streaming, pumping, and jetting of microdroplets of different sizes. The critical behaviors of different microfluidic phenomena were analyzed at different powers applied to the IDTs. The microfluidic efficiencies of the different ZnO-based SAW devices were investigated. Droplet pumping and jetting with different volumes were compared for the SAW devices with and without UNCD inter layers. Results show that the pumping velocities increase exponentially with the input power and those of the ZnO/UNCD devices are much larger than those of the ZnO/Si SAW devices at the same power. Based on the accurate analysis of the jetting dynamics, the maximum jetting angle is observed which depends on the droplet volume in the range 1.5–8μL during the jetting duration. The maximum jetting angle oscillates around 69° for droplets larger than 8μL.

Droplet streaming and nebulization on a 36oY-cut LiTaO3 SAW device have been realized using the SH-SAW. The streaming inside the droplet is sensitive to the position of the droplet, the coupling angle and droplet shape, which results in different  flow patterns. Droplet nebulization was enhanced with the increased aperture size of the driven IDTs and mainly occurred in horizontal direction along two lateral sides of the droplet, which is perpendicular to the designed SAW propagation direction. The atomization duration increases with the droplet size, while it decreases with the driven power at a given drop size.

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