The Properties of Tungsten

The word tungsten means "heavy stone" in Swedish. The chemical symbol for tungsten is W which stands for wolfram. The name came from medieval German smelters who found that tin ores containing tungsten had a much lower yield. It was said that the tungsten devoured the tin "like a wolf". Pure tungsten metal was first isolated by two Spanish chemists, the de Elhujar brothers in 1783. Tungsten is a greyish-white lustrous metal, which is a solid at room temperature. Tungsten has the highest melting point and lowest vapor pressure of all metals, and at temperatures over 1650°C has the highest tensile strength. It has excellent corrosion resistance and is attacked only slightly by most mineral acids.

Chemical Properties

Electrochemical Equivalent: 1.1432g/amp-hr
Electron Work Function: 4.55eV
Electronegativity (Pauling): 2.36
Heat of Fusion: 35.4kJ/mol
Incompatiblities:
Bromine trifluoride, chlorine trifluoride, fluorine, iodine pentafluoride
Ionization Potential
First: 7.98
Valance Electron Potential (-eV): 140

Physical Properties

Atomic Mass Average: 183.85
Boiling Point: 5928K 5655°C 10211°F
Coefficient of lineal thermal expansion:
0.0000046cm/cm/°C (0°C)
Conductivity
Electrical: 0.189 106/cm
Thermal: 1.74 W/cmK
Density: 19.35g/cc @ 300K
Elastic Modulus:
Bulk: 310/GPa
Rigidity: 161/GPa
Youngs: 411/GPa

Enthalpy of Atomization: 837 kJ/mole @ 25°C
Enthalpy of Fusion: 35.23 kJ/mole
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 799.1 kJ/mole
Flammablity Class: Combustible
Freezing Point: 3680K 3407°C 6165°F

Hardness Scale
Brinell: 2570 MN m-2
Mohs: 7.5
Vickers: 3430 MN m-2

Heat of Vaporization: 824kJ/mol
Melting Point: 3680K 3407°C 6165°F

Molar Volume: 9.5 cm3/mole
Optical Reflectivity: 62%
Physical State (at 20°C & 1atm): Solid
Specific Heat: 0.13J/gK
Vapor Pressure = 4.27Pa@3407°C
Regulatory / Health
CAS Number
7440-33-7

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