Local instantaneous temperature of solid tungsten carbide tools too high.is the main factor that affects solid tungsten carbide tools grinding cracks.

Local instantaneous temperature of solid tungsten carbide tools too high.will form a surface layer of shallow ground pressure stress distribution and high tensile stress near the surface layer, causing further solid tungsten carbide tools grinding surface layer changes in mechanical properties. This instantaneous high temperature up to 1000 ℃, the surface layer of solid carbide tools cause grinding burn. Tool grinding burn will destroy the surface layer of tissue, so that the deterioration of the quality of the surface, seriously affecting the strength of solid tungsten carbide cutting tools, wear resistance and service life; therefore cause solid tungsten carbide tools grinding cracks.

Thus, in the grinding process should be to minimize and prevent instantaneous high temperature generation, will reduce and avoid the residual tensile stress. Therefore, not only to prevent solid tungsten carbide tools grinding cracks, we must also avoid grinding burn.
 

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Sub-micron tungsten powder is obtained through oxidation twice and reduction three times. The samples are characterized by laser particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Violet tungsten oxide (VTO) is prepared with ammonium paratungstate (APT) in the argon gas. Tungsten powder is obtained with VTO through deoxidation in the hydrogen gas (Rate of purity: 99.99%, dew point: -40°C), and tungsten powders are oxidized in the air. Tungsten oxide WO3 is reduced into tungsten powders in hydrogen gas again. The routes are repeated. The volume percent content of submicron tungsten powder between 0.1 μm and 1.0 μm is 95.73 %.

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With the development of economy and society, the increasingly serious problem of environmental pollution, especially water pollution it has become a major challenge for humanity. There is a large proportion of antibiotic wastewater in the current water pollution, and its hard to degrade in the environment and continuing to accumulate which are serious threats to the ecological environment and human health. Nano-materials technology for solving problems related to energy and environmental issues gets more and more attention. Because nano-semiconductor materials have better photocatalytic activity is widely used in catalytic degradation of pollutants in water. Nano tungsten trioxide is one important class of semiconducting material, it has good photocatalytic properties.  

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Nano tungsten trioxide has a larger surface effect, is an important catalytically active material. It has good catalytic performance, but also for both primary catalyst co-catalysts. And it has the high selectivity with other corresponding reaction. After some related studies, it was found that the reduction or doped of WO3 join the active ingredient or modified will enhance its catalytic properties. Because the catalytic properties and physicochemical properties of WO3 was influent by incineration temperature, the preparation method so it can be used for hydrodesulfurization process, selective catalytic reduction of NOx, ectopic of olefins and other reactions. Acidic tungsten-based catalysts can be applied paraffins isomerization. Photocatalytic tungsten trioxide is a new field of catalysis. Many different semiconductor material is used as a photocatalyst for the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, light energy conversion rate of tungsten trioxide is not high, but because of simple preparation process of high purity WO3, near UV and light-emitting area has a strong the absorbent, the electrolyte can be maintained in a variety of long-term stability, which are made as a photocatalyst WO3 can exhibit better performance.

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At present, the detection of gases mainly oriented for hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, ethanol, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gas pipelines and other reducing gas, flammable gas and toxic gas. Sensitive material is widely used mainly SnO2, ZnO, SiO2, TiO2, Fe2O3, WO3 and other metal oxide materials. Tungsten trioxide developed in recent years is kind of a semiconductor material having excellent gas sensing properties. It is reported that the polycrystalline semiconductor powder particle size and surface area have an impact on its gas sensing properties. Nano WO3 particles have excellent gas sensing characteristics which is benefited from his small, large surface area, significant surface effect and quantum effects exhibits. Using thermal decomposition method to get WO3 material and the size of it is less than 100nm. Then add SiO2 into it, so that the original nano materials will have good sensitivity, selectivity, and short response time for NH3. WO3 can react with hydrogen and alkali metal and causing ionic reaction. Pt doping of WO3 gas sensing as insulation in the air it is suitable for monitoring hydrogen leak.

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WO₃ film is a new type of functional material, which has a wide range of applications in smart windows, a large area flat-panel displays, gas sensor, and so on the field. But because WO₃ Films has some shortcomings, such as discoloration and sensitivity is not high, it was a lot of restrictions in the application. In order to improve its performance so that it can be widely used and there has three way to optimize: one is preparing a novel surface topography WO₃ film, the second is the preparation of nanometer WO₃ composite film, third film doped WO₃ modified. With further research to expand, the need to find new chemicals, new fetters, explore preparation and preparation parameters appropriate to improve the surface appearance of the film become a hot topic.

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Tungsten trioxide is low toxicity, to human eye and skin it has some irritation. In the operation, if you contact or inhalation tungsten trioxide it will cause systemic weakness, fever, rash or proteinuria. So that you should to rinse body or eyes with water in time, escaping from the scene quickly to fresh air and keep smooth breathing, if necessary and timely medical treatment in serious condition. Tungsten trioxide is non-flammable, but it easy reacts with halogen compound such as bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride and produces harmful toxic fumes. To wear protective equipment and using fire extinguishers quickly fled the scene if the explosion happens. Because WO3 has a certain risk, so their disposal and storage should also more careful. It should be placed in a cool, ventilated the Treasury, away from fire and heat sources to prevent direct sunlight. Avoid bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride mixing reservoir. All operators should be highly specialized training, and strictly abide by the rules, and to wear protective masks and clothing.

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Tungsten trioxide is widely used in modern technology, mainly because tungsten trioxide has good performance. It is mainly used to restore and clacine the production of tungsten powder and tungsten carbide powder, and then used to produce carbide products, such as tools, super hard mold, tungsten rod, tungsten wire, etc., it can be used for X-ray screen and fireproof fabric, and as ceramic colorants and analytical reagent. In the shipbuilding industry, the tungsten trioxide is used as an important anti-corrosion paint and coatings materials. Since tungsten trioxide gets more and more attention in modem life and applications which used widely in the research, such as nano tungsten trioxide, tungsten trioxide films, tungsten trioxide catalyst and so on. We all know that it has played an irreplaceable role in the different areas, and in the future it will be developed more and better.

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Tungsten steel (alloy) with high hardness, wear resistance, strength and toughness, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and a series of excellent performance, the use of tungsten steel tungsten steel pendant while hypoallergenic, resistant to abrasion, etc. Therefore in the current jewelry market, tungsten steel pendant more and more manufacturers and consumers.

Maintenance mode:
You can use warm water and soap mix everyday common items, hand soap and detergent and other cleaning, we need to avoid the use of ammonia, bleach, chlorine and jewelry cleaning solution.

Tungsten steel on the outside with a cloth to wipe pendants, rings can also be directly immersed in the cleaning solution.

Remember to avoid the diamond jewelry together because of higher hardness than diamond tungsten steel, tungsten steel pendant put together words may scratch the surface of the pendant.


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Benefits:
High brightness: compared with titanium and ceramic material, the surface can be polished, brighter.

Corrosion: resistant to acid, alkali, salt and perspiration, prolonged use will not rust.

Wear: hardness 8-9 Mohs, wear resistance than those of titanium and ceramics, easy to wear.

Hypoallergenic: Wear safety, hypoallergenic.

Maintenance and cleaning:

Tungsten steel necklace usually have to pay attention to maintenance, you can use warm water and soap mix everyday common items, hand soap and detergent and other cleaning, we need to avoid the use of ammonia, bleach, chlorine and jewelry cleaning solution.

Cotton on the outside of tungsten steel necklace wipe, or other shapes in the groove cleaning with a cotton swab or toothbrush, the ring can also be directly immersed in the cleaning solution.

Remember to avoid the diamond jewelry together because of higher hardness than diamond tungsten steel, tungsten steel necklace put together words may scratch the surface of the necklace.

 

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