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What Are the Different Types of Tungsten Wire?

Details: Category: Tungsten Information; Published on Wednesday, 10 September 2014 10:22; Written by jwy; Hits: 544

Tungsten wire can vary according to its size, use, and appearance. The most common application of this wire is for lighting lamps, because tungsten is very tolerant of heat. Halogen, fluorescent, and incandescent lights use the thinnest type, usually with a diameter of .001 inches (.0254 millimeters) to .1 inches (2.54 millimeters).

Pure tungsten wire can be classified as either a Type 1A or a Type 1B. Type 1A wire has non-sagging properties, typically used in hospital devices such as LEEP electrodes, thermionic emitters, and corona generation. The Type 1B can be used for products that use glass-to-metal seals, such as vacuum tubes, reed switches, and incandescent light bulbs; these wires are usually 99.95-percent pure and are excellent heat and electrical conductors. Wires of pure tungsten are usually more than .20 inches (5.08 millimeters) thick in diameter. They are so resistant to heat that some manufactured tungsten wires can have a melting point of about 6,150° Fahrenheit (3,400° Celsius).

Another type of tungsten wire is the doped wire. This means some elements have been added to somehow modify its strength and resistance. Doping also alters its chemical structure, and the wire will have an interlocking composition that makes it stronger. Three elements are commonly used in doping tungsten: potassium, aluminum, and silicon. This type of wire ranges from .001 inches (.0254 millimeters) to .250 inches (6.35 millimeters) in thickness and is used for wire and lamp filaments.

Another chemical called thoria can also be mixed in with tungsten to produce a specialized wire. Type 2A is the thoriated filament wire with just 1-percent of thoria, while the Type 2B has 2 percent. These wires can be manufactured into thread-like thinness and used for microwave ovens and plasma wielding. This type of tungsten wire is said to be 50 percent more effective as an electric conductor.

Tungsten wire can also be mixed in with another element called rhenium. Tungsten and rhenium can effectively create efficient metal alloys because both have very high melting points of 6,192°F (3,422°C) and 5,767°F (3,186°C), respectively. This type of wire is used for when very high heat is required, such as in thermocoupling. Tungsten-rhenium wires are categorized based on the percentage of rhenium included. WR30 has 3 percent rhenium, WR200 has 20 percent, while WR250 has 25 percent. All these types are highly resilient, strong, and resistant to corrosion.

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Tungsten Bank Fishing Sinkers

Details: Category: Tungsten Information; Published on Wednesday, 10 September 2014 08:51; Written by Sherry; Hits: 558

Tungsten bank fishing sinkers also known as reef sinkers resemble seeding leaves or egg fishing sinkers but the bank sinkers do not have a brass loop to hold the line. The bank reef fishing sinkers have a lead-mold eye, just like peduncle of seeding leaves.

These seeding leaves-shaped and tapered-shaped sinkers feature for hexagon sides other than smooth round surface, and the flat sides of the bank fishing sinkers contribute to preventing the sinkers from rolling in current and the tapered shape prevent the fishing sinkers from snagging in rocks.

Tungsten bank fishing sinkersare widely used in the past and of course it is commonly adopted by many anglers now as it works well and its bulbous shape prevents it from hanging up on the rocks.

Tungsten alloy is widely used to be the materials for fishing sinkers, contributing its environment friendly which the traditional material lead can not reach. What is more, it’s the good corrosion resistance property which makes the tungsten bank fishing sinkers more widely used.

Bank-fishing-sinkers

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Properties Of Cemented Tungsten Carbide

Details: Category: Tungsten Information; Published on Tuesday, 09 September 2014 15:46; Written by jwy; Hits: 584

A cemented carbide is a composite material comprised of individual tungsten carbide grains imbedded in a ductile metal binder matrix of either cobalt or nickel. The physical and metallurgical properties of a particular “grade” of carbide are determined by its composition (its constituents and their relative amounts), the size distribution of the tungsten carbide grains after sintering, the binder metal type and content, the quality of the raw materials used, and the workmanship with which the material is made. Those most commonly measured to assess quality and define application areas are described below. The ASTM and/or ISO standard that applies to each of these measurements is also noted.

Density or specific gravity is the weight per unit volume of a cemented carbide measured in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3). It is essentially the weighted average of the densities of all of the components contained in the product and is therefore a check on its composition. For grades containing only tungsten carbide and a binder metal, the density of the composite decreases as the lighter binder metal content increases.

Hardness is the resistance of a cemented carbide to penetration by a diamond indenter under a specific load. It is measured on the Rockwell A (Ra) scale in the US and on the Vickers (HV10 or HV30) scale in Europe and elsewhere. Hardness is primarily a function of composition and grain size with higher binder metal contents and coarser tungsten carbide grain sizes producing lower hardness values. Conversely, low binder contents and fine grain sizes produce high hardness values. Hardness is directly related to abrasive wear resistance.

Transverse Rupture Strength (TRS) is a measure of the tensile strength of a cemented carbide in a three point bending test performed on standard rectangular bars. It is reported in units of pounds or thousands of pounds per square inch (psi or kpsi), or in Newtons per square millimeter (N/mm2). TRS is perhaps the best measure of the relative utility of individual production batches since it surveys a reasonable volume of material and will detect low levels of critical internal defects. Products having relatively high TRS values are generally applied where shock, impact, or failure by breakage are factors.

Residual Porosity is determined by visually examining the polished surface of a sintered sample at 100X or 200X magnification. Ratings for “A” type porosity (pores less than 10 microns in diameter), “B” type porosity (pores larger than 10 microns in diameter), and “C” type porosity (carbon inclusions) are determined by comparing the size and frequencies of each pore type in the sample with those in standard photographs. Each standard photograph is associated with a numerical rating that is used to represent the porosity levels in the sample. In general, edge strength and toughness decrease as the level of residual porosity increases. At high levels of porosity, the wear resistance of the product may also be adversely affected.

Magnetic Saturation is the degree to which the metal binder in a cemented carbide is saturated with carbon. It is most useful for materials having a cobalt binder. For a known cobalt content magnetic saturation values indicate how much carbon the cemented carbide contains – from unacceptably low values that indicate the presence of an undesirable carbon-deficient phase (known as eta phase) to unacceptably high values indicating the presence of free carbon (carbon “porosity”) in the product. Magnetic saturation is sometimes used as an indicator of relative strength among lots of a specific grade.

Coercive Force is the strength of the magnetic field required to demagnetize a fully magnetized cemented carbide sample. Coercive force is typically measured in oersteds (Oe). The coercive force measurement depends on many factors including composition, sintered grain size distribution, residual porosity levels, and others. It is sometimes used as an alternative indication of hardness, but is best interpreted in combination with other properties as a measure of overall grade uniformity.

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Tungsten’s Military Applications

Details: Category: Tungsten Information; Published on Wednesday, 10 September 2014 08:47; Written by yewq; Hits: 551

Tungsten, in military applications, is used as a hardening agent to produce armor penetrating rounds in bullets,. It is also used for fragmentation to create a devastating effect as its hardness remains intact as it shreds through targets. Tungsten is also used in cube and ball form in anti-personnel ordnance, ranging from grenades, to mines and rockets, these added tungsten cubes and balls are highly destructive due to their retention of their hard features, solid shapes as they impact. Tungsten alloys are also used in defensive plating, due to their hardness and strength. Tungsten carbide and other alloys are also used to make penetrators for weaponry, to enhance their effectiveness.

Another widely used application of tungsten in defense is the various weighting applications used in helicopters and other aircraft and armored vehicles. Helicopters use this tungsten to weight their rotors, noses, and skids. Tungsten alloys is widely used in these applications because of its hardness and size to weight ratio it is a perfect material for weighting and protection.

Companies around the world are also using tungsten in their production of military ammunitions, due to its environmentally friendly composition, as compared to lead, which has been proven in several ways to be increasingly destructive of the environment. Tungsten carbide, and other alloys have all been proven to be “clean” metals, which makes them an ideal choice internationally as we move towards grTungsten’s Military Applications
eener technologies.

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What Are the Different Tungsten Products?

Details: Category: Tungsten Information; Published on Tuesday, 09 September 2014 15:05; Written by jwy; Hits: 517

Tungsten products generally include everything from household items to aerospace technology. The metal is almost as dense as gold and has the highest melting point of any metal in purest form at 6,192°F (3,422°C). These properties popularize the use of tungsten in many applications. Tungsten has a wide range of industrial use when combined with other elements and industrial metals to make metal alloys or superalloys.

People use tungsten products daily without realizing it. Extreme heat resistance enables thin tungsten wire to be used as the filament in incandescent light bulbs, for example, and when combined with calcium and magnesium, it becomes fluorescent lighting. This quality also allows tungsten to be incorporated into the heating elements of heaters and furnaces. Artisans also might use tungsten oxide in ceramic and glassware glazes, producing a yellowish hue. Comparable to gold in hardness, the metal may substitute for gold or platinum in jewelry making, as tungsten is hypoallergenic and virtually scratch resistant.

Tungsten weights or powder might also be implemented to enhance the driving force in golf club heads. Tungsten combined with copper, iron or nickel may be used in making high-quality darts or for the strings of certain musical instruments. Commercial aircraft, race cars and yachts contain tungsten products, as the metal’s density provides counterweight, weight and stability.

Tungsten alloys are frequently incorporated into the turbines of aircraft engines as well. The metal is a constituent of various military items, as tungsten products are a part of the nozzles of projectile rockets and armor penetrating missiles. Cobalt, iron, nickel and tungsten also are the components used in cannon shells and grenades.

Tungsten inert gas, or TIG, welding uses a durable tungsten electrode to produce a stronger binding force when welding various metals. Tungsten or metal alloys may be cast from molds or particle sprayed to provide strength. Durable, long-lasting tungsten grinding wheels may be used in dentistry, metal or stone cutting and woodworking. When combined with steel or carbon, industries use tungsten products for construction, drilling and mining as well. Unaffected by oxygen, alkalis or most acids, the metal is commonly used as bearings, pistons, valve seats and other machine parts where friction, heat or corrosion are factors.

Medical tungsten products include the emitter coils in X-ray tubes and the shields used to protect personnel from radiation exposure. Calcium, magnesium and tungsten phosphorus convert X-rays into visible light for viewing. Tungsten is also typically used in liquid crystal displays and the manufacturing of microchips.

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