Bismuth tungstate, as a novel photocatalyst is an efficient, non-toxic, inexpensive material, has wide application prospect in the dielectric, sterilization, photocatalysis. Because it’s microscopic morphology affects the performance quality of the product and effective use in life and industry. And by exploring the controllable factors of material producing can obtain a specific shape, size, surface structure powder material, so as to achieve visible light photocatalytic performance.
Using hydrothermal method producing bismuth tungsten the procedures are as follows:
1. Weigh 2.419g Na2WO4 • 2H2O and 4.851g Bi (NO3) • 5H2O dissolved in 100ml deionized water, adjusting solution‘s PH value by nitric acid and sodium hydroxide.
2. Adding a certain amount of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), after stirring for 30 minutes, the solution was placed in a tetrafluoroethylene reaction tank (filling of about 75%), placed in a stainless steel reactor, after sealing the reaction placed in an oven at 180 ℃ for 24 hours.
3. Then cooled to room temperature to give a yellow precipitate. Washed several times with water and ethanol, at 80℃ constant temperature to dried to obtain sample.

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Tungstate and other semiconductor materials because it’s unique structure and physico-chemical properties, increasingly people's attention. Tungstate which has a light responsive photocatalysts is: bismuth tungstate, zinc tungstate, and silver tungstate, these tungstate semiconductor photocatalysts facilitate removal and degradation of organic pollutants and decomposition of water.
Wherein the bismuth tungstate as a new photocatalyst, the chemical formula of it is Bi2O12W3 and molecular weight is 1161.4736. There is some related system number of bismuth tungtate as follows: 13595-87-4, EINECS number: 237-033-7. In addition, it is an efficient, non-toxic, inexpensive material, in terms of the dielectric, sterilization and photocatalysis has a wide range applications. Meanwhile bismuth tungstate is kind of narrow gap material which has diverse topography. Thereby controlling its production conditions can produce nano bismuth tungstate with different morphologies and structure, so that effectively improve their physical and chemical properties to improve the catalytic performance and develop the new applications.

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1. The chemical etchants of silver tungsten points, tungsten copper points, tungsten points, silver-nickel points, tungsten, copper and nickel points and other points are:
Ammonia                            50ml
Or hydrogen peroxide solution (30%)      10-30ml.
Use of points as follows: using a freshly prepared solution to wipe the surface of the points about 10 seconds.

2. The chemical etchants of tungsten, nickel or tungsten carbide particles in silver-nickel points, copper tungsten points, silver tungsten points, silver tungsten carbide points are: potassium ferricyanide mixture, among them,
A. NaOH(KOH)    10g         water     90ml
B. K₃[Fe(CN)₆]     10g         water     90ml
Use of points as follows: mixing A and B, and wiping the surface of the points.

3. The chemical etchants of tungsten particles in copper tungsten points and silver tungsten points are: hydrochloric acid solution and potassium ferricyanide mixture, among them,
A. NaOH(KOH)    10g    Water 90ml
B. K₃[Fe(CN)₆]     30g    Water 70ml
Use of points as follows: mixing A and B, and wiping the surface of the points.

4. The chemical etchants of pure copper, copper alloy are: hydrochloric acid solution and ferric chloride, among them,
Ferric chloride                    5g
Water                           50ml
Hydrochloric acid (concentrated)     50ml
Use of points as follows: wiping.

5. The chemical etchants of pure silver, copper graphite are: ferric chloride solution, among them,
Ferric chloride                    10g
Water                           50ml
Use of points as follows: wiping.

 

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In recent years, researchers have found that a series of tungstate having a light responsive photocatalysts, such as bismuth tungstate, zinc tungstate and silver tungstate. These tungstate semiconductor photocatalysts facilitate removal and degradation of organic pollutants and decomposition water. In addition normal particle tungstate compared to nano particle tungstate has unique crystal structure and surface properties which conducive to catalyst activity and improved selectivity.
The following will introduce the producing process of nano zinc tungstate:
1. Adding mixed surfactant solution which include 0.1452g (0.5mmol) zinc nitrate and 1g PVP or SDBS into 40ml deionized water and stirring.
2. Putting 0.165g (0.5mmol) sodium tungstate into above solution with stirring for 30 minutes to ensure that all reagents can be uniformly dispersed.
3. The mixture was added to 50ml Teflon autoclave, adding deionized water until 80% of the the autoclave total volume. And then sealed autoclave and heated to 180 ℃. Besides, maintain this temperature for up to 24 hours, then naturally cooled to room temperature.
4.The white precipitate was collected and washed with deionized water several times and anhydrous ethanol. And then the samples were baked at 60 ℃ in vacuum for 6 hours.

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