When selecting fishing jig size, keep in mind the two factors, first is the smaller baits are generally best whenever they can be used, and the capacity of feeling the action of a jig .These two factors guide your choice of fishing jig size.

Use the lightest bait and line you can as smaller and slower baits and thinner line with low visibility will almost always catch more fish than big one. Unless the following salutations, do not do not switch to a heavier jig.

Firstly you can tell what's going on with your bait underwater.Or it's a windy day you go for fishing or there's a strong current. And if you are fishing in deep water, it takes too long for a light jig to sink, so you can choose a heavier jig.

What is more, if the water is muddy, a compact 1/2 ounce more bait is more effective, because the smaller one is much more effective in clear water.




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Sophisticated techniques of powder metallurgy make it possible to combine the low level of consumption of tungsten and the high electrical conductivity of copper into one material. Tungsten copper alloy is manufactured by compressing tungsten powder into a porous basic body. During sintering under vacuum, the cavities are soaked with liquid copper. Through variations of the manufacturing parameters (soaking metals, compressing and sintering conditions), the properties can be adapted to the application.

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Heavy metal alloys are pseudo-alloys of tungsten with a nickel-iron or nickel-copper matrix. They are produced by powder metal and sintering processes.

The most outstanding property of heavy metal alloys is the high density of 17-19 g/cm³. Comparable densities are only reached by gold or platinum metals, which are considerably more expensive. Other exotic materials like rhenium, uranium or tantalum achieve these densities, but are either too difficult or expensive to obtain, or they have unsatisfactory mechanical characteristics.

Other advantages oftungsten heavy alloys are their extremely high Young's modulus of elasticity and high absorption coefficient for ionizing radiation, such as gamma radiation or high-energy X-radiation. Their machinability is better than that of pure tungsten.

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The head

The head of tungsten fishing jig has different color and shape. The most popular used shape of tungsten fishing jig is the round head, while the other shapes such as rocker-shape head, football-shape head, and bullet-shape head and so on also widely used. Of course, different color will result in different function. For instance, the round or the coned shaped tungsten fishing jigs have weed guard and can be more effective in water with thick cover compared to other tungsten fishing jig head, and the bullet-shape head have good penetrating capacity.

The body

The body also called trailer added to tungsten fishing jig in order to make jigs more alive.

It is well known that bass tungsten fishing jig has a pork rind trailer been hooked onto it to create extra appeal. Usually the pork rind trailer has been cut in a shape like a frog called pork frog. And you can choose different trailer according to varies fishes you want to fish and different weather you fish, what is more, depend on the tungsten fishing jigs you used, dark or light. The following rules will show you clearly.


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1.high-explosive. Is the most common high-explosive shells, or known as grenades, referred to as "HE". Mostly in the steel shell filled with high explosive detonator. After the explosives were detonated detonator, burst into a lot of heat and sharp shell shrapnel scattered at high speed. Depending on the target, high-explosive detonators can be set via a controlled detonation height, such as ground, air or in shells up to a depth of penetration of the target after the detonation, in order to achieve maximum destructive effect.

2.penetrators. Ap is the hardness of the material and the shape of the shells, coupled with the charge transfer at the time of firing the kinetic energy, in contact with the hard surface of the target to achieve the effect of the penetration destruction. In addition to anti-tank projectile can also be used against other hard targets, or use the bomb attack warships protective armor.

3.APDS. APDS is a traditional piercing enhance its destructive effects improved. APDS will really be in contact with the target warhead reduced diameter, outside sleeve made ​​with lighter material coated on the exterior, with ordinary projectile close to the same diameter, can continue to use the existing artillery. The advantage of this is that you can use artillery projectile larger caliber, the use of more energy charge provided, focused on smaller than conventional armor-piercing warhead, improve the overall armor-piercing capability, and reduce the energy consumption during the flight. APDS is the main type currently penetrators.

4.tail steady APDS (APFSDS). Similar APDS projectile, bomb core and more by rare precious metal manufacture, possess high hardness, the biggest difference in the wing of the bomb core stability APDS tail with the tail, its function after the shooting, bomb core flying in the air attitude can shoot parabola with a straight line, after contact with the target kinetic energy penetrator tip through focused goal, that wing bomb core function is to let the air do not tumble. The main drawback is the rear wing increases drag, reducing the kinetic energy, vulnerable to side winds, lower hit rate.


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high density tungsten alloy's performance has a close relationship with its fracture mode , the fracture mode of high density tungsten alloys are four kinds: W grain cleavage, W-W interfacial fracture, W- binder phase interfacial fracture, ductile binder phase tear . W-W interfacial bonding strength of the weakest, most likely to crack. With WW interface, increased interfacial fracture mode W- bond elongation decreased, tungsten alloy steering performance from ductile fracture of brittle fracture, with the W particle cleavage fracture mode and ductile binder phase was increased tearing, alloy strength and ductility increases.

High density tungsten alloy, W-phase volume fraction, W grain size, the intermetallic compound precipitated at the interface, as well as C, H, O, N, P, Si and other impurities in the alloy segregation interface failure mode are great impact. W phase volume increases, increased interfacial contact WW, W particles increases and the interface segregation will make WW interface and W- binder phase interfacial fracture increased fragility of the alloy. Vacuum dehydrogenation to eliminate hydrogen embrittlement, and other trace elements and add La use interface solution treatment to eliminate the segregation of impurities and intermediate compounds to avoid brittle phase formation, etc., will cause the W particle phase and binder phase interfacial bonding strength enhancement, W particles cleavage fracture increases alloy strength, ductility and fracture toughness is greatly improved.


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Tungsten fishing jigs which compose of metal alloy sinker and a hook are one type of fishing lures and are one of most productive baits today, especially in water clarities from slightly murky to clear. Often the hook is covered by a soft and colorful body using for attracting the fish.

Tungsten fishing jigs can be used in both the fresh water and salty water, the only difference is the weight used for and it is important to be sure the weight the tungsten fishing jigs needed to sink into the water. As a general rule, often adopt the lightest jig weight if possible, because the lightest fishing jig permits you to feel the bottom and any cover it contacts. In clear water, lighter weights ranging from1/8 ounce to 1/4 ounce should be combined with light line for more effective and spinning tackle are also necessary. For murky or deep water, it needs for more dense cover and heavier jigs about 3/8 to 5/8 ounce, and can be fished on stout baitcasting tackle with heavy line. In the case of the windy day, it's hard to maintain contact with the jig to detect strikes, while it will be not the problem if blow a bow in your line and go to have a heavier fishing jig.

Tungsten fishing jigs can work in any depth of water, but generally, the deeper you fish, the heavier the jig. It takes an 8 ounces of weight to reach the bottom if the water up to 180 feet. So if you want to catch big fish, a jig with a 7/0 or 8/0 hook has more probability.

Tungsten Advantage

Lead is the commonly used material for constructing tungsten fishing jigs head as usual, but lead pollution and the appearing of environment friendly materials make the anglers adopt the latter materials for the sake of protecting our only one earth. Tungsten based alloy with the properties of corrosion protection property which is so important in the salty fishing and environment protection is more and more widely used by many anglers. And tungsten based alloy with the density ranging from 16.5 to 18.5 will be effective in the case of needing more weight in salty water or deep water, as it is possible to get more weight with smaller volume.


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Rifled gun makes when fired shells itself has a  high speed, thereby minimizing the effect of eliminating nutation shells, thus improving shooting accuracy, the greater the distance, the more obvious (3000 m or more). The disadvantage is the high speed part of gunpowder itself consumes energy, so rifled armor piercing fin stabilized goal setting is to reduce the rotation speed of the shells, so that the warhead gain greater momentum.

Smoothbore gun shells fired due to no rifled gun barrel shells can cause rotation, nutation effect and then the shells themselves a great impact on accuracy, so the tail smoothbore gun equipped with a tungsten alloy APFSDS set in order to be able to make shells after collide there is a rotation capacity and improve flight stability.


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Complex shape and small size of the parts generally require machining, and a complex series of processes, it is difficult to ensure consistency of product shape of mass production, which resulted in high production costs, while the qualified rate. However, the use of extrusion and injection molding can produce complex shapes, small size and high aspect ratio, high-performance tungsten heavy alloy products.

Produced by injection molding of high-density alloy Arrow Canisters, the aspect ratio of up to 20 without distortion performance than the superior microstructure uniformity better than traditional powder metallurgy production of tungsten alloy, greatly reducing the processing operations and conservation of raw materials. While using special technology into a ball, ball diameter can be made ​​from a variety of different balls, this small ball tactics at home and abroad has been widely used as a high momentum of anti-missile fragments, each warhead battle site can be loaded 20000 small ball, the organization uniform, accessible final part shape geometry, reducing the secondary process, saving raw materials, and reduce costs.

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Copper–tungsten (tungsten–copper, CuW, or WCu) alloy is a pseudo-alloy of copper and tungsten. As copper and tungsten are not mutually soluble, the material is composed of distinct particles of one metal dispersed in a matrix of the other one. The microstructure is therefore rather a metal matrix composite instead of a true alloy.

The material combines the properties of both metals, resulting in a material that is heat-resistant, ablation-resistant, highly thermally and electrically conductive, and easy to machine.

Parts are made from the CuW alloy by pressing the tungsten particles into a desired shape, sintering the compacted part, then infiltrating with molten copper. Sheets, rods and bars of the alloy are available as well.

Commonly used copper tungsten alloy contains 10–50 wt.% of copper, the remaining portion being mostly tungsten. The typical properties of the alloy depend on its composition. The alloy with less wt.% of copper has higher density, higher hardness and higher resistivity. The typical density of CuW90 alloy, with 10% of copper, is 16.75 g/cm3 and 11.85 g/cm3 for CuW50 alloy. CuW90 has higher hardness and resistivity of 260 HB kgf/mm2 and 6.5 µΩ.cm than CuW50.

Applications

CuW alloys are used where the combination of high heat resistance, high electrical and thermal conductivity, and low thermal expansion are needed. Some of the applications are in electric resistance welding, as electrical contacts, and as heat sinks. As contact material the alloy is resistant to erosion by electric arc. WCu alloys are also used in electrodes for electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining.

The CuW75 alloy, with 75% of tungsten, is widely used in chip carriers, substrates, flanges and frames for power semiconductor devices. The high thermal conductivity of copper together with the low thermal expansion of tungsten allows thermal expansion matching to silicon, gallium arsenide, and some ceramics. Other materials for this applications are CuMo alloy, AlSiC, and Dymalloy.

Alloy with 70–90% of tungsten is used in liners of some specialty shaped charges. The penetration is enhanced by factor 1.3 against copper for homogeneous steel target, as both the density and the break-up time are increased.[3] Tungsten powder based shaped charge liners are especially suitable for oil well completion. Other ductile metals can be used as binder in place of copper as well. Graphite can be added as lubricant to the powder.

CuW can also be used as a contact material in a vacuum. When the contact is very fine grained (VFG) the electrical conductivity is much higher than a normal piece of Copper Tungsten.Copper Tungsten is a good choice for a vacuum contact due to its low cost, resistance to arc erosion, conductivity, mechanical wear, and contact welding. CuW is usually a contact for vacuum, oil, and gas systems. It is not a good contact for air since the surface will oxidize when exposed. CuW is less likely to erode in air when the concentration of copper is higher in the material. The uses of CuW in the air are acting as an arc tip, arc plate, and an arc runner.

Copper tungsten materials are often used for arcing contacts in SF6 circuit breakers that require medium and high voltages. The copper tungsten used in these circuit breakers is subject to temperatures above 20,000K, which is reached during arcing. Copper tungsten is a valuable material to use during arc contacts due to the high level of resistance to arc erosion.

Copper tungsten has applications in Electrical discharge machining. The process uses copper tungsten as an electrode because it is able to withstand high voltage and current.

The Spark Erosion (EDM) process calls for copper tungsten. Usually this process is used with graphite but tungsten has a high melting point (3420 0C). This allows the CuW electrodes to have a longer service life than the graphite electrodes. This is very crucial when the electrodes have been processed with complex machining. Since the electrodes are susceptible to wear the electrodes provide more geometrical accuracy than the other electrodes. These properties also let the rods and tubes manufactured for Spark Erosion be made smaller in diameter and have a longer length since the material is less likely to chip and warp.

Properties

As you can see from these varying levels of copper and tungsten used to create the copper tungsten alloy, increases in copper has its benefits, while an increase in tungsten has its benefits as well. Most notable of the increase in copper used to create the alloy is the thermal conductivity, which plays a huge part when being used in circuit breakers, as mentioned before, due to the extremely high temperatures that the material is subject to during peak arc contact (well above 20,000K) and is a factoring role in deciding how much percentage copper to use in the alloy. However, another interesting fact to note is the electro resistance at room temperature (20°C) and how this increases with an increase in the percentage of tungsten present in the alloy, ranging from 3.16 at 55% tungsten all the way up to nearly double the resistance at 6.1 when the alloy contains 90% tungsten. Finally, another important characteristic to keep track of is the ultimate tensile strength of the alloy at the varying levels of copper and tungsten in the alloy. An increase in tungsten leads to an increase in ultimate tensile strength up until the alloy reaches 80% tungsten and 20% copper with an ultimate tensile strength of 661.82GPa. After this mixture of copper and tungsten, the ultimate tensile strength then begins to decrease fairly rapidly.

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