Layered two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) — like tungsten disulfide or molybdenum disulfide — are attractive for electronics applications because you can manipulate their band gap simply by adjusting the number of layers used.

The technology of flight research and development has caught up with developed countries, but there has been big problem for the short of raw materials, which are mainly in rare earth metals with high performances, such as rhenium.

Rhenium is a metal with melting point of 3,180℃, similar to tungsten, which is 3,308℃.

Rhenium owns good physical and chemical performances, which results to a wide application in heat resistance parts in aerospace. One of the main use is as additive of 3% ~ 7% in flight engine Ni-based single crystal blade for its deformation and cracking resistance.

Engine Blade

Engine schematic

Engine 3D view

The reserve of rhenium all over the world is really rare with a whole quantity of proven quantity of 2,500tons and whole resource of 7,300~10,300 tons. But it is reported as only 237tons in China by Kunming Institute of Precious Metals.

Rhenium is significant and necessary metal in the development of flight engine, but its shortage has been some restriction for the research. Importing Re or finding alternative metals have been a new research for Chinese aerospace development.

Being solid carbide milling tool increases tool life by up to 50% in austenitic stainless steels and nickel-base alloys. Tool operates best on machines having external coolant supply. Product uses asymmetrical helix angles between 35° and 38° which results in low susceptibility to vibration thereby increasing process reliability. Minimizing build-up on cutting edge, unit is coated with Titanium Aluminum Nitride which increases tool service life.

Some companies have introduced the solid carbide mill, positioned with the Advance product line designation. Advance referring to mid-level performance and price. Advance tools are one part of a group of solid tools labeled either Supreme (high-level performance and price), Advance (mid-level performance and price) or Perform (low-level performance and price). Which is a family of solid carbide milling tools that can increase tool life by up to 50 percent in austenitic stainless steels and nickel-base alloys.

The geometry has been designed to optimize the machining of stainless materials from the ISO M material group as well as for secondary applications in ISO S materials. The new tool family is engineered to operate most efficiently on machines having an external coolant supply.

A tough carbide substrate  is used to provide superior machining reliability. In addition, process reliability is boosted by the mills’ low susceptibility to vibration by incorporating asymmetrical helix angles between 35° and 38°. The tools’ coating, a proprietary recipe of Titanium Aluminum Nitride designed and produced by Walter, increases tool service life and minimizes build-up on the cutting edge.

In the 11^th Aerospace Expo held in Zhuhai on Nov. 1^st, AH4 155 mm ultra-light howitzer was displayed in the indoor Weapons Museum.