Rare black industry chain long rule without a break of several ten thousand tons annually hit the market

The need to combat organized special activities , while promoting the healthy development of rare earth industry , but also the management measures institutionalized , normalized to establish long-term mechanism , in order to receive better results

In recent years , China's rare earth industry management regulation has intensified, received remarkable results. But the correspondents learned that rare "black industry chain ," the problems are long-standing rule is not absolute , and often in the special regulation, after the end of combat operations , illegal mining and production, processing , sales and export of rare earth products of the phenomenon and active up , even very rampant.

Some industry insiders pointed out that the recent adoption of the " movement" lack of sustained effectiveness of remedial measures recommended in the future to carry out special operations to combat the same time, as soon as possible to solve imperfect laws and regulations , law enforcement body is unknown, the law enforcement system is not established a series of problems explore the establishment of combating illegal production and sales of long-term mechanism of rare earth behavior in order to achieve tackling the problem.

"black chain" staggering scale

"Every year several tons of black earth hit the market , if this situation continues, China's rare earth resources will be a huge loss , the healthy development of rare earth industry will also aim to naught ! " chatted about the current existence of rare " black industry chain " , Baotou Rare Earth Research Institute since former president MA Peng worried.

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Bayan Obo in Inner Mongolia Baotou polymetallic Ore mining area of 48 square kilometers , is the world's most resource-rich light rare earth region. The mine area is also dotted with a number of neighboring mines , some rare earth mine grade is very high. Lured by profits , criminals eyeing here , some to the point of potential illegal small-scale mining of ore , and some even inside the mine ore theft .

In order to prevent criminals , Baotou Steel Group in recent years, the main ore along the boundary of the Bayan Obo , dug 3 meters wide, 2 meters deep trenches, repair played a total length of nearly 70 km , about 2.5 meters high walls , fences . In addition, some sections are still exporting Baotou Steel Group established checkpoints monitoring facilities installed , configured vehicles, personnel , in mines and tailings surrounding areas patrolled day and night , even so, this year, there are still stealing mine incidents.

"In the Baotou City and surrounding areas , some companies simply have no legal separation of rare earth ore smelting production plan targets in the current round of combat illegal production and sales of rare earths special action before the start , but in the production and processing of rare earth, if not the acquisition of the black ore , they can not explain their sources of raw materials . " a person in charge of rare earth companies said angrily .

Dispersion of rare earth resources in Jiangxi and other southern provinces , private dug rare earth mine and processing and sales of illegal mining of rare earth products is the phenomenon despite repeated prohibitions . China Rare Earth Industry Association Marong Zhang said that last year the South ionic rare earth ore mining production was 13,400 tons mandatory plan , but industry associations statistical analysis of the data show that last year the South at least mine produced 37,000 tons , nearly 70 percent of unknown origin .

From a national perspective, the relevant government departments and enterprises responsible agencies estimate that in 2012 the country illegally amount of rare earth minerals estimated more than 40,000 tons , illegal smelting and separation products are more than 50,000 tons .

By contrast, last year China's rare earth mandatory production plans were only production of rare earth minerals business , smelting and separation products 76,000 tons , 82,000 tons .

Baotou Steel Rare Earth ( Group ) Co., Ltd. , general manager Zhang and many other high-tech enterprise in charge of rare earth generally believe that illegal mining, processing and sale of rare earth activities that affect China's rare earth industry healthy development of a malignant tumor , rare earth since 2012 prices continued to slump , "black earth " substantial impact on the market is a big reason.

Many factors combat effectiveness

2011 and 2012 , the Ministry in conjunction with relevant departments to carry twice the rare earth industry order rectification action . The published data show that in the past two years , have been punished behavior of rare earth exploration and exploitation of more than 600 , destroyed 14 illegal mining sites , ordered nearly 90 separation of rare earth mines and smelters rectification. In order to further regulate rare earth production and sales order, this year August 15 to November 15 , the Ministry and other eight departments have jointly implemented a new round of combat illegal production and sale of rare earth special action .

Some industry insiders said the implementation of special rectification activities indeed achieved a great deal in the short term , but China's rare earth distribution area is very wide, often special events over, criminals began to perk up , some illegal mining, smelting and separation plant are & ldquo ; limelight "after the resurgence .

Ma Rongzhang and the Chinese Society of Rare Earths Deputy Secretary-General Zhang Anwen , who believe that the following key problems which restrict remediation special action and combat effectiveness :

First, the illegal production of rare earth enterprises that difficult . Some rare earth enterprises responsible person pointed out , only by knowing what is illegal rare earth production enterprises, in order for the earth "black chain" precision strike . However, the lack of existing policies clearly defined criteria, which is to define what is illegal rare earth enterprises difficult.

Second, imperfect laws and regulations , enforcement is difficult . Marong Zhang said that at present , the fight against the illegal production and sale of rare earth part of the administrative measures , the lack of support for the provisions of laws and regulations , there are no clear law enforcement body problem ; in rare earth mining , the lack of normative documents in the form of clear administrative examination and approval authority, administrative sanctions law also lacks support and recognition ; enterprise illegal low cost means of weak regulatory authorities to combat insufficient .

Thirdly, the central and local governments , departments and regions not yet formed a unified and efficient law enforcement system . The State Council , the Ministry of the overall responsibility for management of the rare earth industry , the local government of the area also provides total management responsible for the rare earth industry .

A rare anonymity experts say one is " overall responsibility " , is a " total charge " , a problem often figure out who is the main responsibility . Particularly those affected by economic interests and local protectionism driven thinking , some local governments enforce policies against illegal production and sale of rare earth initiative, enthusiasm is not high , and some rare earth industry in violation of national policy , ultra vires rare earth smelting separation project, or even condone illegal production rare processing behavior.

In addition, the rare earth industry management involves the Ministry of Industry , Ministry of Environmental Protection , the Ministry , police, customs, tax and other multi-sectoral , involving a lot of areas . Bull management , fragmented, unclear responsibilities , departments, regions and interests of the working point of departure orientation different departments to invest in the people, is different, weakened the effectiveness of the work .

Fourth, the temptation to increase profits more difficult to combat . Marong Zhang said that the current production of rare earth ore mine in northern ton of resources tax in 05000 to 1.4 million range , south of the rare earth ore mining resources tax in the 06000 tonne to 3.6 million dollars , resources tax plus other taxes fee per tonne of ore accounted for over 50% of the selling price , but do not need to pay any potential illegal digging of private taxes , profit space .

Five mandatory production plan management did not achieve the desired results . China Rare Earth Industry Association statistics, domestic 112 mining, smelting separation of the production data show that last year the amount of these enterprises 143,200 tons of mineral , smelting separation products was 11.18 million tons, with the departments of statistics differ significantly . Which to some extent reflects the mandatory plan issued after the regulation may not be implemented , unplanned , ultra- planned production still exists .

Jiangxi Rare Earth Industry Association, said Choi source of fat , a lot of "black earth " a big impact on law-abiding enterprises . In southern Jiangxi heavy rare earth mine , for example, is currently rare earth ore processing cost per ton from 40,000 to 50,000 yuan per ton environmental costs 15,000 to 20,000 yuan , count of the mining rights , resource taxes and other expenses , has significantly higher than the current 170,000 to 180,000 yuan per ton, the price of minerals integrated , leading business unsustainable .

Six rare earth recovery project is one of many rare earth recycling in the name of "black earth " the acquisition, processing, and sales of the real, rare earth " black chain " provides a living space.

This year, the China Rare Earth Industry Association conducted a special investigation . Rare earth waste recycling business, for example , the survey showed that there were rare comprehensive waste recycling enterprises 56 , of which 39 in Jiangxi , Jiangsu, 4 , 3 , Hunan , Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, the two , Henan, Shandong , Guangdong, Zhejiang , Yunnan each one .

Marong Zhang said that since 2011 , the approval of companies around the assault , 90% waste treatment capacity of 190,600 tons . Among them, NdFeB, phosphor, polishing powder waste treatment capacity was 141,700 tons , 23,100 tons and 21,500 tons . But in 2012 , the national annual output of 80,000 tons NdFeB , total waste by 30 percent and only 24,000 tons ; phosphor, polishing powder production is not high , overall, there is not enough for these rare earths waste integrated waste recycling business processing .

Choi Yuen Fat said , Jiangxi 39 comprehensive waste recycling company, with annual capacity of over one hundred thousand tons of waste was processed . Part of comprehensive waste recycling business to comprehensive recycling in the name of the process by means of its high degree of overlap , the line separating the solid ore , pose a great impact on the informal enterprises .

Urgent need to establish long-term mechanism to combat

Some rare earth company official said , in addition to destruction and excessive consumption of resources , environmental pollution and ecological damage , rare earth "black industry chain " or smuggling of supply. Over the past two years, the Customs anti- smuggling rare intensified smuggling case dealt with a number , but smuggling is still active. Domestic and foreign customs statistics data comparison, the estimated annual amount of the illegal outflow of nearly 20,000 tons of rare earth .

Zhang Anwen , who said that to eradicate "black earth " to promote the healthy development of rare earth industry , management measures must be institutionalized , normalized to establish long-term mechanism , in order to receive better results.

Interviewed experts and industry insiders suggested that the relevant government departments to take actions against illegal production and sale of rare earth special operations and other measures to combat the smuggling of rare earth products at the same time , you should do the following :

First, the production and sales of precious metals as soon as possible national regulations , improve mining, smelting separation , processing, trade , waste recycling and other rare earth production and management project approval system, clear approval authorities , the approval authority and procedures for the definition of illegal businesses operating strong standards.

Second, improve the relevant laws and regulations , a clear responsibility of the main law-abiding and rare earth ore, smelting separation production planning and regulatory measures mandatory legal status , clearly defined responsibilities and administrative law enforcement departments subject, clear administrative enforcement authority, to prevent and punish standards, increase the punishment , and promote law enforcement normalized.

Three are integrated waste recovery projects for rare earth , rare earth minerals mining and other mining enterprises rectification on the basis of the measures taken to combining guidance , planning and construction of a number of regional rare earth waste recycling rare earth minerals symbiosis center or designated recycling business, and rare earths waste symbiotic rare earth ore processing to be regulated .

Fourth, to further clarify the inter-ministerial and local responsibility , and the law enforcement center of gravity, the formation of provincial county levels of government, efficient collaboration between departments rare earth production and sales monitoring system , ineffective work of administrative liability .


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