Rare earth prices continue steady , demand continues to light, limited downstream actual buying. Meanwhile , WTO ruled that the purchasing and storage of rare earth and other news pending wait and see mood strong upstream manufacturers to make , cheap shipping will lower . Currently , the rare earth market transactions sparse , the demand side mostly inquiry -based.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 165-175 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 170-180 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 570,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 410,000-420,000 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,000-4,200 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,000-3,200 yuan / kg.


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By the end of March , the World Trade Organization ( hereinafter referred to as : WTO) announced the United States , European Union, Japan v. China rare earth, tungsten, molybdenum export management measures related to the case of the panel report , ruled that the export control measures Chinese products involved violations. In accordance with WTO rules , the panel report released in 60 days , the parties may appeal .

The news came out , they were highly concerned about the business and the media , affected by the news , China's A -share market in a number of listed companies in the rare earth industry stock prices fell for several days .

As of yesterday , the news release has been in the past 26 days , from 60 days to appeal the WTO rules the time draws near, our measures will have to deal with it ?

April 16 , China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association vice president and secretary Jia Ming Star , again against the WTO ruled that China rare earth, tungsten, molybdenum export management measures related to the case of non-compliance regarding publicly said that at present , the Chinese government is actively responding to , aspects of non-ferrous metals associations are doing a lot of research work, and the relevant departments of the Chinese government is to discuss and strive to propose solutions.

Programs are research seminars in

After China loses WTO announced that China's rare earth Association official says that China will actively respond to prepare the above , at present, around rare earth exports, many domestic point of view is not one, and some experts believe that the light rare earths and heavy rare earth exports should distinguish , let the light rare earth exports, and increase efforts to protect the heavy rare earths .

Nevertheless, some experts believe that the United States and Europe and other countries on the proceedings of rare earth trade, essentially unbearable Chinese rare earth export prices artificially high, rather than the quota system itself. He pointed out that from 2011 to 2013 of China's rare earth export quotas are not exhausted, the impact of foreign demand for rare earth quotas absence .

Data show that in 2011 China's rare earth export quotas only took 52.01 percent in 2012 was only 48.75% , while in 2013 the total export quota of 24,000 tons of rare earth , rare earth export quota for the year's actual physical product was only 22,900 tons , do not run out.

And in any case, at present , China has decided to actively litigation. Jia Ming Star yesterday also said that the Chinese government and the Ministry of Commerce is actively responding . "Although the WTO panel ruled that China is currently losing initially , but their production and management of Chinese rare earths is still recognized , but the reason for the management of rare earths , the purpose is to protect resources , protect our environment, because travel resources is the wealth of all mankind . "

He said that at present there is a dispute of our country and other countries where rare earth quotas and tariff management approach , the other countries believe that these two do not meet the WTO requirements. As Nonferrous Metals Association , is working with the Ministry of Industry , Development and Reform Commission , Ministry of Environmental Protection positive discussions, set out for the early , consistent with relevant WTO trade rules , and consistent with our domestic rare earth macro-management measures can also bear fruit . Meanwhile, as Nonferrous Metals Association , is currently doing a lot of research work, but also to appoint the chairman of the State Nonferrous Metals Association, Chen whole lot of research work led training , the Association also made a lot of aspects of the program , is to discuss and intergovernmental sectors .

But when the timetable for the introduction of the respondent or related measures , Jia Ming Star did not specify .

Enterprise mood disturbed

Winning or losing is not yet known whether or not the respondent , and as most directly related to the interests of the enterprise side , the mood was very disturbed .

"If the export quotas and tariff reduction , the price of rare earths will drop , which may lead to re-shuffle the industry enterprises . "There are rare corporate stakeholders told reporters pointed out .

He believes that the good news is that after the release of rare earth exports , with the decline in the cost of Chinese overseas orders will increase. In addition, the low tariffs or to squeeze the living space of the smuggling business , big business more profitable for the formal . The short term, foreign markets because consumer demand is likely to increase the price downward , can stimulate domestic enterprises rebound in exports , is expected to alleviate the shortage of rare earth related products demand pressures.

From rare earth production and operation and long-term perspective, the impact of rare earth export policy adjustment is not the key reason for the industry operating order. Excessive exploitation of rare earth bring supply and demand imbalance , excess capacity, low industry concentration , resource potential illegal violations , lack of domestic enterprises and technological innovation, low-end chain is a major problem plagued the development of China 's rare earth industry . Therefore, if the award can boost our long-term governance of violations, enhance domestic and foreign demand , the upgrading of industrial technology, the industry's long-term good business .

In fact , for many years China's rare earth export restrictions limited to raw materials, functional materials exported to downstream devices and applications , such as no restrictions . At present, China 's rare earth export more products to materials, device -based, so the WTO against the export of such products are not affected.

It is understood that actively prepare after losing a few companies , the means are different. Baotou Steel Rare Earth , said the person in charge has ruled against the State designated lead for leading the restructuring of large enterprise groups will not cause too severely affected. The official said that the best response is to clear away the obstacles in the process of mergers and acquisitions , to allow more companies to participate in the restructuring , rare earth materials production enterprises to expand the scope of the merger , after all, Baotou Steel Rare Earth Mineral Resources have upstream control advantage, competitive opponents are mainly exported after the release of foreign enterprises .


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RE market is still relatively calm , some businesses slightly lowered quote praseodymium neodymium products , the market traded tepid . Traders optimistic about the market outlook will be upside terbium oxide , offer steady increase slightly , very price will is strong.

There are two days to reflect neodymium oxide, praseodymium suppliers offer slightly down, with no ticket price down to 280,000 last week, a relative / t , with a ticket price dropping steadily , have reduced the range of about $ 5,000 / ton, the current neodymium oxide, praseodymium with votes 32.5-33 yuan / ton. Praseodymium , neodymium metal markets around before the two-day offer in 425,000 yuan / ton price merchants slight pullback to 42 yuan / ton, according to a factory in Ganzhou area does not reflect transaction prices pulled back slightly because of the emergence of a significant improvement .

Terbium oxide market , traders slightly Inquirer two days , with the intention of terbium oxide low market purchases , to prevent the risk of decline in value of the market outlook , the weight of the lower purchase price . Now there are other traders also reflect less inventory , based on the expected bullish , slightly raised over the previous quote . According to local manufacturers Ganzhou reflect now on the market liquidity of terbium oxide reduced the price of the latter is more likely .

Rare cases from China international preliminary examination results came out already too big and a half months in the first instance judgment basis of China 's rare earth export violations , the U.S. insatiable, continue to appeal more likely to appeal against the country in the near future . Nearly half months to market participants on the case concerned the heat is still high, many businesses will have their own expectations outlook , the whole advantage of this opportunity , rare earth prices will rise in the market is still expected . With the recent push for now the case , with some of the industry reflects the purchasing and storage or to perform later this month , during which prices fell sharply rare earth space is limited. Although the demand for partial light , but the recent praseodymium , neodymium , erbium, gadolinium does not fluctuate significantly more than the price , but also by market expectations and see attitude of support.


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April 16, 2014 market price of rare earth products

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Rare earth prices continue steady demand side is still light , few purchases , purchasing and storage of messages due to upstream manufacturers more definite no no strong bullish sentiment early , watching both supply and demand makes a significant change in rare earth prices is difficult .

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 165-175 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 170-180 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 570,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 315,000-325,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 410,000-420,000 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,000-4,200 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,000-3,200 yuan / kg.


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In contrast, the price adjustment method is more preferable , as long as the resource tax and environmental taxes can be high enough to compensate for the cost of resources and the environment , there are naturally competitive enterprises can obtain the corresponding market share, but this approach can also resource and environmental costs transfer to the international market prices to suppress international market demand for Chinese rare earth.

March 26 , World Trade Organization (WTO) panel report released ruled export tariffs on Chinese rare earths, tungsten, molybdenum related products taken quota management measures violate WTO regulations. Since March 13, 2012 the United States , European Union, Japan will export tariffs Chinese rare earth, tungsten, molybdenum related products , export quotas and export quota management and allocation measures to resort to WTO dispute settlement mechanism to date, has lasted more than two years , which a first trade dispute involves four global economy temporarily come to an end . In accordance with WTO procedures , China still has the right to appeal , and delayed several months , but the results may not change the General Assembly .

The rare earth export dispute sparked widespread concern at home and abroad , but the trade point of view is somewhat surprising. In 2012, China 's rare earth export less than $ 1 billion , and exports the same year, China socks over 4 billion U.S. dollars . Obviously , only from the point of view of trade , rare earth almost not worth mentioning. However , due to the particularity of Chinese dominance in the rare use of rare earth reserves , which from the outset, since the dispute was given a lot of significance beyond trade .

In fact , our country is not as outsiders imagine that the supply of rare earth have absolute control . On the one hand , the rare earth is irreplaceable been overestimated or overstated , after China began from rare earth export restrictions , some countries have developed a number of alternative materials or reduce the use of rare earth. Meanwhile, other countries have enormous reserves of rare earth , while there are many undiscovered rare earth reserves. In other words , the reason for the past 20 years , 90% of the world's supply of rare earths from China , just as China 's rare enough to cheap and abundant.

So, faced with this trade dispute , we should return to its trade interests friction origin , return to us repeatedly stated intention to protect resources and the environment .

From the point of view of trade , China's rare earth export controls does the use of rare earth enterprises in importing countries adversely affected. On the one hand , the export tax to make use of foreign importers and domestic rare earth enterprises are facing different prices. On the other hand , the export quota of rare earth lead to insufficient supply in the international market , increasing the cost of importing enterprises.

Indeed, from the maintenance of free trade principles of the WTO , the export duties and export quotas are not worth promoting measures, but the current WTO does not prohibit the use of export taxes , export quotas on the use is not allowed in principle , only to meet specific exception conditions before using . Country cited " GATT 1994 " exception to item 20 g as a defense that the export restriction measures taken to protect our exhaustible natural resources, but also to take measures related to domestic production or consumption.

China has a group of experts recognized the sustainable use of natural resources and China has the right to fully proved the existence of a comprehensive policy to protect rare earth resources , but is not considered necessary export quotas or illegal smuggling measures to prevent the exploitation of rare earth , can not prevent the illegal exploitation or production of rare earth domestic consumption , nothing to do with the protection of rare earth resources, it is difficult to identify Chinese exports and domestic consumption took the same restrictions .

Purely from the perspective of international law, it is difficult to deny the rationality of WTO panel analysis. In fact , such a case of deja vu . In 2009 , the United States , European Union, Mexico, the Chinese bauxite , coke, fluorspar and other nine kinds of raw materials export control measures taken to WTO. January 31, 2012 , WTO issued a report dismissing the appeal request China based on environmental or supply shortages preliminary ruling raised the export of nine raw materials, the final ruling I restriction violation . Based on the current situation, the reasonable expectation is that rare earth final decision probably will not be changed.

If so , WTO ruling will allow us inevitable , no choice , we can return to the source of production to achieve the resources and environment protection.

On China's rare earth control , the beginning of 2000 introduced a variety of measures , including enterprise integration , but the implementation of the results are poor, rare earth prices are way down . After 2009 , a substantial tightening of export quotas, export restrictions qualifications and the fight against smuggling of rare earth exports dropped significantly , prices rapidly increased, and peaked in mid-2011 . However , after the price increases , a substantial increase in production enthusiasm , stealing , smuggling is serious, the number of foreign customs statistics of rare earth imports from China is much larger than the export volume of Chinese customs statistics . Subsequently , despite declining exports of rare earth in the name , but also the corresponding rare earth prices fell sharply two-thirds.

In fact , in 2006 , China began to implement total control and management of rare earth mining , this constraint does not belong to the scope of WTO rules , entirely within our autonomy. Therefore, the future for legitimate mining companies , you can use the total control ( mining quotas ) or price adjustment ( resource tax and environmental taxes ) way . In contrast, the national trend in reducing the administrative examination and approval , the price adjustment method is more preferable , as long as the resource tax and environmental taxes can be high enough to compensate for the cost of resources and the environment , there are naturally competitive enterprises can obtain appropriate market share, and in this way can also be transmitted to the resource and environmental costs in the international market prices to suppress international market demand for Chinese rare earth.

Must see , another problem is that China's rare earth industry , there are many illegal miners , this price adjustment method is powerless, forced to rely on government , depending on our determination and ability to perform , the test of the government's wisdom.


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Recently , advanced rare earth materials industry technology innovation strategic alliance ( the pilot ) will be held in Beijing starting from 33 of China's rare earth industry alliance of 45 member units attended the meeting. The meeting elected Baotou Steel ( Group) Corporation chairman, party secretary Zhoubing Li , executive vice president for the Union , Baotou Steel Rare Earth as executive vice chairman of the unit .

The Alliance was founded by the Baotou Steel Rare -led "rare earth industry technology innovation strategic alliance" , as well as by the Beijing Nonferrous Metal Research Institute led the establishment of the "advanced rare earth materials and clean balance Industrial Technology Innovation Alliance " Integration formation made . Currently, the coalition gathered a large group of six rare earth , rare earth materials focus on domestic enterprises, research institutions and universities of 33 members of the unit , will actively carry out "research use " and effective cooperation , work together to industrial technology innovation solve key technological problems facing China's rare earth industry development , in order to accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and upgrading of industrial technology , to enhance the core competitiveness of the rare earth industry , and promote the healthy and orderly development of China's rare earth industry to contribute .


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Changting rare earth catalysts in petroleum project matchmaking held in Changting County . China Petroleum Refining and Chemical Branch party secretary , deputy general manager Yang Ji Steel Group companies led by the relevant departments attended the project matchmaking .

Development and Reform Commission deputy director of Fujian Provincial Key Office Director Yu open ocean, Provincial Environmental Protection Department chief engineer Xu Birui , Longyan Municipal Committee, vice mayor Zhang Tianzhou , changting county party secretary Wei Dong , deputy secretary of the county , the county Lishan Chang , Fujian Party Working Committee ( Longyan ) rare Earth industry Park Caijin Wang , deputy secretary of the county , Fujian ( Longyan ) rare Earth industry Park Management Committee Director Liao Fangshun , county secretary , Tim Hill , deputy governor Huang Jian , accompanied by research or participate in seminars butt .

Ji- steel line inspected the rare earth catalysts in petroleum changting project site , under construction in the rare earth industrial park wastewater treatment plant and Jinlong Rare Earth Co. , then held Matchmaking forum.

The meeting noted that the project is both rare earth catalyst Longyan old industrial development needs, but also the need to CNPC catalyst development. Construction of rare earth catalyst project , must pay attention to environmental protection , we must consider whether there is sufficient capacity to support the market and the level of development, expansion, must focus on technological innovation and enhance its service capabilities , we must pay attention to efficiency balance , play a positive role , output greater than the investment, adding value .


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It is understood that the second round of rare earth Shouchu ongoing negotiations are expected to finalize the details of the next purchasing and storage price. In Shouchu expected strong background , the recent rise of rare earth prices already crashed . Last week, the light and heavy rare earths fully rebound , lanthanum oxide, dysprosium rose 2.7% , 2.1 %. In addition, the Ministry of Industry and Raw Materials Division also recently released the " 2013 economic operation of the rare earth industry ," and working to deploy this year , the rare earth resource utilization management requirements specification , the rare earth utilization projects ( waste recycling , recycling Overlaid mine rescue , etc. ) included in the total production control plan management , focusing allocated to the newly formed six major rare earth enterprise groups. Analysts said that the rare earth processing stack Ministry Shouchu expected to promote further large group of rare earth , rare earth prices are expected steady upward trend in the future , especially in a time when traditional sales season in March and April , rare earth prices will show more strong ; coupled with Tesla ready to invest ten billion U.S. dollars to build a super battery factory , constantly developing new energy vehicles will continue to push up demand for rare earths , and thus the market price of rare earth stocks can be expected .

Rare large group + Shouchu close

According to media reports , early in January 2014 , the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly with relevant departments in Beijing held a rare formation of large enterprise groups thematic sessions. The meeting said, according to the law of survival of the fittest market , has been basically formed Baotou Steel Group , China Minmetals , Chinalco , Guangdong earth, Ganzhou Rare Earth and Xiamen Tungsten ( 600549 ) and other six companies led industry development pattern. Next to the flow, focusing on the six companies , to further promote mergers and acquisitions, formation of large rare earth enterprise groups.

Ministry stressed the need to give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation , business-oriented , diversified investment , market operation , and promote mergers and acquisitions by the "Let Me restructuring" to "I want restructuring" changes.

Day laborers in the February 21 letter to the Department 's announcement to accelerate the formation of large rare earth enterprises Group had been placed in a prominent position on . The announcement said the consolidation and expansion of China Minmetals has been formed , China Aluminum ( 601600 ) , Baotou Steel Rare Earth ( 600111 ) , Ganzhou Rare Earth , Guangdong, rare earth, rare earth enterprises Xiamen Tungsten six major mergers and acquisitions based on the pattern of integration separation of domestic rare earth mining and smelting enterprises in this process to close down a number of illegal businesses , converting a number of enterprises , restructuring of a number of enterprises , dramatically reducing the number of separated rare earth smelting enterprises , resolve excess capacity. Adhere to government guidance, principles of corporate -led, multi-investment , market-oriented operation , play a decisive role in the allocation of resources in the market , a combination of economic , technical, legal and necessary administrative means to eliminate institutional obstacles , grasp this opportunity to promote mergers and acquisitions, as soon as possible forming a pattern of development of large enterprise groups leading rare earth rare earth industry .

Now, after several years of consolidation, the basic form of the rare earth industry Southern local businesses and the central enterprises coexist . Baotou Steel Rare Earth , Rising Nonferrous ( 600259 ) , Ganzhou Rare Earth , Xiamen Tungsten and other local businesses , since the identification of resource- link to group integration, while Minmetals and through mergers and acquisitions in the downstream aluminum smelting separation and processing industries , and gradually upwards Tour penetration, use the "infiltration routes " to obtain the right to speak upstream .

In addition, according to media reports , purchasing and storage of rare earth in the second round of negotiations currently underway , this round of negotiations is expected to be able to finalize the details of the purchasing and storage of rare earth prices. At present, the authority of the site Metals analyst confirmed the news , adding that if the negotiations to reach an agreement , the purchasing and storage , or open in May .

CRE Securities research report shows that in December 2013 the State Reserve Bureau and the six manufacturers for purchasing and storage agent to negotiate the first round of purchasing and storage , according to three scenarios , the benchmark price of purchasing and storage of rare earth rare earth prices slightly higher than the current 5% -6 % , but negotiations failed due to a lesser extent . Some analysts said the impact of this round will be the price of purchasing and storage of rare earth huge Shouchu still fail if the first half of this year , the traders and even manufacturers will accelerate the flow of cash into the market , and will follow the business mentality change, rare earth prices Short-term is difficult to climb ; contrary Shouchu on, the stock inventory will flow to the State Reserve Bureau , the braking pressure to reduce stock prices, market trends in order to assist the clearing , plus after March is the peak season demand for rare earths , rare earth prices are expected to stabilize higher.

Rare earth prices short-term bullish

In addition to the restructuring of rare earth , and always keep the pressure up to combat illegal activities , this work has been the focus of the Ministry on the rare position in 2014 to work on .

The notice said that this year will strengthen supervision, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology with the police, land, environmental protection , customs, taxation , safety supervision departments to increase efforts to verify the issues highlighted area , supervise the handling of key cases ; establishment and the light rare earth heavy rare earth production areas to combat illegal linkage mechanism , timely communication of information , coordination, unity of action ; rare invoices by means of data sharing , improve the reporting system , such as the timely detection of problems and dealt with ; implement territorial regulatory responsibility , urging local resolutely investigate and deal with illegal acts ; efforts to increase the accountability of local government regulation of individual responsibility is not implemented , collusion , illegal acts such as approval of the project accountability ; strengthen social public opinion , news media good practice , exposure and other six typical cases work will focus .

In fact, the industry has always been to enhance the crackdown will be short-term rise in rare earth prices. In mid-2013 a nationwide Rare remediation , is that within the next dysprosium oxide less than a month soared 77%. The current data show that the first week after the Spring Festival , praseodymium , neodymium mainstream price from $ 300,000 -30.5 yuan / ton before the Spring Festival adjusted to 315,000 yuan -32 yuan / ton. Praseodymium neodymium metal market prices from 380,000 yuan -38.5 mainstream yuan / ton to adjust to 395,000 yuan per ton -40 million businesses have even quoted to 420,000 yuan / ton, but no record deal .

At the same time , gadolinium oxide and gadolinium iron prices have seen a slight rebound , the current gadolinium oxide and gadolinium iron prices were at 155,000 yuan mainstream -16 yuan / ton and 160,000 yuan -16.5 yuan / ton , compared Each year more than a pick-up of about 10,000 yuan per ton or so .

Redoubt metal analyst Gao Yan believes that the reasons for the change in rare earth prices , mainly less downstream NdFeB factory stock , after all enterprises have started production, will buy some raw materials ; another based on past experience, the annual the market will rebound after a wave of Chinese New Year started , so cargo operators are reluctant sellers cover their goods , resulting in tight supply in the spot , the price rebounded .

Insiders said that the combination of multiple ministries last August remediation rare circumstances promote illegal rare earth prices Stories of view, if this year to combat illegal activities intensified again, the high probability of rare earth prices will steadily rise.

Electric car boom driven by demand for rare earth permanent magnet

Since the past year, Tesla electric car in the world set off a frenzy . Data show that Tesla electric car in 2013 the global cumulative sales reached 22,300 , which will be this year's sales target set at 35,000 , is expected to grow 55%. According to information , the current Tesla lithium-ion car batteries are Panasonic supplies for further cost savings , future Tesla will build a lithium-ion battery manufacturing plant .

Currently the industry is expected to promote the electric car will be fast in China 's passenger cars, trucks and specialty micro- car segment , the current domestic battery , motor industry chain level , there are three areas can quickly promote electric cars : one passenger markets, especially the bus market ; Second minicar , mainly in A0 level ( eg Benben , QQ , etc. ) ; Third, vehicles , mainly logistics vehicles, such as environmental protection , courier , postal and other special vehicles.

Industry experts have said that the future demand for new energy compared to determine motor vehicles, China has a comparative advantage in this regard. Although the path of development of battery technology , there are still uncertainties, but more certain future demand for new energy vehicles motor. Specifically, China in the field of new energy vehicles motor has the following advantages: First, rare earth resources, currently accounting for motor rare earth costs 10 % -30 % ; Second, human resources, high degree of customization motor decide labor costs than high, the Chinese labor cost advantage is obvious ; Third stage of the development of the automotive market advantages , China's auto penetration rate is low , the acceptance of electric vehicles is relatively higher.


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According to reports , around the "rare earth export policy ," the US-China trade legal battle is heating up . Reporters learned from authoritative sources , in order to expand the fruits of victory , let the Chinese into a passive , the U.S. was submitted to the WTO before the appeal , at the same time , China is also actively preparing for , or appeal will be submitted today .

Geneva time on March 26 , World Trade Organization announced the United States, European Union, Japan v. rare earths, tungsten, molybdenum export management measures related to the case of the panel report China , ruled the Chinese export management products involved violations. In accordance with WTO rules , the panel report released in 60 days , the parties may appeal .

"The recent Ministry of Commerce has several lawyers and industry experts convened open internally , and discuss the possibility of appeal specific strategies . The industry generally believe that the existence of discriminatory ruling panel report , the majority support of the appeal . " an industry source told reporters that while the United States will undoubtedly appeal to some extent makes us somewhat passive. "We must immediately cross appeal , the United States obviously do not want to give us too much time to prepare . "the source told reporters.

Chinese Rare Earth Society insiders told reporters that after losing rare , the association also organized enterprises and experts , the impact of this result might bring to the industry to assess , and the Commerce Department also conducted a number of seminars, prepare responses. China Rare Earth Group , a large high-rise on the phone said that from a business perspective are most worried about is that in the rare earth bubble burst , the rare earth industry as a whole are relatively sluggish performance , the export situation is very weak, losing once triggered rare earth export control policy after the cancellation , the signal may lead to rare earth prices continue to fall , so the industry worse.

However , a contradictory reality is that Europe and other Western countries Zhexiang counterclaim Chinese export restrictions , but there openly for their own strategic resources closure without mining . Some scholars statistics indicate that there are over 20 countries in the field of energy resources have taken various measures to restrict exports . After a state such as Canada take on timber exports , " domestic needs test " , that is, only in the country, the state sell timber to meet the internal demand will consider exports. Another example is the U.S. natural gas exports to take " an export license approval ," and so on.

To suppress the Chinese rare earth , behind the United States and Europe and other Western countries intent is obvious , the impact of China's resources in order to protect the system. Experts pointed out that the United States and Europe and other Western countries often with the skill to play the rules , even those who are fair rules are often able to successfully twisted , but in accordance with the WTO rules to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests of the original intention of developing countries and regions buckle " violation "hat. In his opinion , in the face of foreign " initiative " of resource products , China also should actively reserve " counter-measures ."

The Chinese Rare Earth could regain a bureau ? Chinese Academy of Social Sciences , director of the Institute of International Law International Economic Liu Jingdong , told reporters that the panel report has two debatable. First, with regard to the export tax, the Chinese government can take advantage of GATT ( GATT ) Article 20 ( general exception provisions on environmental protection ) to defend . While China's accession to the WTO Agreement shall not be directly invoked 20 , but only therefore denied China as a member of the basic "self-evident " rights , is not fair. In rare case , the group members have a recognized three Chinese this right , Brazil , Russia and other developing members also expressed approval. Unfortunately, the other two members of the Group inherited the case after nine kinds of raw materials, the view that China is entitled to use 20 .

The second is about the Chinese government export restrictions , despite the support of the Group of Experts recognized China's environmental protection in mind , that the specific measures , such as export quotas are inconsistent with WTO rules . "Some specific points sweeping , and did not accept China's defense. Not because the Chinese side effect appeared less than expected results in the implementation of the measures , the measures would negate itself . It is also unfair to. " Liu Jingdong said.

" China on these issues is still appeals space. " Gong Baihua Fudan University Law School professor also told reporters. He said , WTO dispute settlement mechanism set its " reasoning " mechanism , the parties need to provide evidence by this set of rules , the interpretation of treaties . Of course , we can think of this group of experts in the application of the rules are biased, resulting in " unfair" Objectively, this, we should let the Appellate Body to check possible " unfair ." Another level, regardless of winning or losing the appeal , China has completed the program can return 1-2 years of time and space policy adjustments .

"I personally think we should further safeguard the rights through appeal. " Liu Jingdong said that although the Appellate Body was" just the facts without trial law trial " , the possibility of our turnaround is unlikely, but still have to fight for basic rights through action , indicating that our attitude. He said , WTO unlike domestic case , its significance lies not only in the outcome itself , the panel report is only the first instance , if you do not appeal on behalf of obedience, which is a different point of view , there is a difference .

An industry source pointed out that China should continue to fight. No one can guarantee that a lawsuit lose or win, compared to the result that China, as a responsible trading nation and the Member States involved in the process itself is meaningful , both a right to defend their attitudes , but also to clarify the rules of the multilateral dispute settlement mechanism responsibility of the key issues .

America will again appeal against the first instance , " hunting " , in addition to the case itself proceedings , Liu Jingdong said that the reason why the case against China's rare earth , but also because the domestic management measures did not achieve the intended purpose , will " invited heavy criticism . " Domestic management system should reflect the unity of legislation to coordination between central and local policymakers should fine . Gong Baihua also said that China how to handle the relationship between economic development and environmental protection ; overall interest of the development of local interests and national economic development ; encourage exports and export management issues , which are worthy of reflection .

Background Information :

Rare earth resources are very valuable , and its importance can generally be attributed to three points: First, the special ingredient . English name RE literal translation is " rare earth" , and its essence is the lanthanides plus similar chemical properties of the periodic table , scandium , yttrium and other 17 kinds of generic elements . Each of rare earth elements have a very rich optical, electrical , thermal and magnetic properties.

However , rare earth resources have become the focus of contention , largely because it is still widely used in missiles, smart weapons , jet engines, navigation systems and other related high-tech modern military . We can say that the rare earth day is widely used in armed forces weapons and equipment . Military applications of rare earth , not only a wide range, and use are critical . This is a world of its countries, especially military power concerns mainly focus. To some extent, the Western powers against imports from China is a large number of rare , kept military technological superiority to China.


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