China supplies more than 90 percent of the world's rare earth resources , but because there is no obtain rare earth pricing , selling resources into "cabbage price ."

This imbalance , so that our country faced up to the regulation of rare earth industry . Implementation of rare earth quota system is based on the protection of the environment and resource considerations , a control implemented in the export sector .

Antaike rare earth market research analyst Chen Huan analysis, said the elimination of export management measures will not have much impact on China's rare earth industry itself , the real impact will be China's rare earth deep processing and application aspects .

Mr Wang 's remarks earlier interview , revealed the rare earth industry in the short-board processing areas: the dollar 's rare earth materials , we roughing up to sell 10 yuan , 20 yuan , to the U.S. and Europe made ​​products, we will spend 1000 yuan to buy it back.

April 2 , Inner Mongolia , a rare corporate executives , said, " Our way is not that rare earth industry consolidation, but how deep into the rough machining . "

At present , China's rare earth raw materials and processing industry remained roughly three bases and two north-south pattern of production systems , with the implementation of national policy , there is a further focus on the trend . However, according to the Ministry of Industrial Research Institute CCID director袁开洪materials research , the three main bases for the production base , its main products are mostly raw and rough in the primary stage of product development and other downstream applications that slow development .

In NdFeB , for example, it is divided into two kinds of NdFeB sintered NdFeB and bonded . Wherein the bonded magnets are neodymium NdFeB alloy powder , epoxy resin , plastic and other additives, such mixed binder , using a molding method such as compression molding , calender molding, injection molding and is prepared made of composite permanent magnet.

Galaxy magnet there had projects , namely through the use of bonded NdFeB magnets, praseodymium , neodymium alloy available annually about 1,200 tons , can greatly reduce the cost of electricity . However, due to the volatility of rare earth price " roller coaster " type , have a significant impact on the bonded NdFeB industry , this project also because the user can not accept early mortality .

"In the rare earth prices skyrocketing , even as selling products directly sell resources. " aforementioned corporate executives say , by the influence of rare earth spike , rare earth downstream processing sectors hard hit .

In the eyes of many industry people , China 's rare earth deep processing level varies greatly, NdFeB industry is in a leading position in many respects , but in rare profits , driven by raw commodity sectors expanding , but relatively sharp contraction in downstream applications . " Not only is the fight of faith , as well as reputation, up to now no fully recovered . "

Another rare earth deep processing of distress " bothering " is caused by a duplication of serious excess capacity .

袁开洪said that although China's rare earth permanent magnet production ranked first in the world , but the market share of high-performance permanent magnet materials is less than 10 %. Many provinces , even without the resources and core technology , the new project is still a lot of construction NdFeB , resulting in a more serious homogenization phenomenon vicious competition .

"We hey some companies are a division of labor , and now every place in the enclosure, do engage in NdFeB Rare Earth Zone , a dozen things turn out two million tons, which is the largest repeated construction waste . " rare earth enterprises had said .

In fact , there is not just part of the rare earth separation overcapacity , luminescent materials , there are also a lot of excess capacity. Among them, the 2011 rare earth luminescent materials production capacity of 6,000 tons, but after only a year on more than 20,000 tons of production capacity , a lot of new capacity projects are launched from 4,000 tons.

In addition, has made it clear to fade upstream control over the future development strategy of Rare-Earth also focus on developing applications of rare earth materials , rare earth materials to expand the field of high-end applications , application of technology to enhance the level of rare earth , rare earth products to increase the added value . Baogang Group even promised to support the focus on the development of rare earth smelting Baotou Steel Rare Earth , separation, materials and applications, Baotou Steel Rare-Earth Group for the rare earth smelting , separation and integration party applications business.

The real problem is that the current domestic rare earth processing enterprises concentrated in NdFeB , luminescent materials and NiMH batteries three industries , high-tech industries rarely dabbled in other applications . Rare earth deep processing industry homogeneity, has seriously hampered the development of rare-earth applications.

" China 's rare earth industry chain is very short , the real high value-added chain is the end product , but all these years we still sell primary products of rare earth , which in turn also to thousands of times the price to buy deep- processed products from abroad . " preceding business people said.

He believes the key to the rare earth deep-processing industry is to look at the application side , the current application link is not up for three main reasons : First, alternative materials for the market to seize the high-end market is difficult technical issues , then there are sluggish exports , domestic consumption has always been short board ; also lanthanum magnesium nickel- hydrogen storage battery domestic industrial enterprises there are problems .


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Deserted because of the rare earth market demand , turnover remained thin. Currently , the market is bullish mentality after the Ching Ming Festival, the traditional peak season due to enhanced , but the actual buying is limited, low steady-based rare-earth prices .

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 570,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 310,000-320,000 yuan / ton.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 160-170 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 165-175 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 310,000-320,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 405,000-41,500 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,000-4,200 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,000-3,200 yuan / kg.


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Rare Analyst agencies Chen Huan think , WTO litigation our rare " first instance " loser , means that China 's rare earth export -related management measures from 2015 onwards will be canceled. Elimination of export management measures will not cause too much impact on China's rare earth industry itself , the real impact will be part of China's rare earth application .

Non-ferrous metals market is the agency in 2014 to obtain the above information report at the meeting yesterday ( April 1 ) . Chen Huan said the 2013 rare earth price shocks down , downstream consumer recovery was slow. At present , China has initially formed a "1 +5 " big pattern in Baotou Steel Rare Earth Group , Chinalco , Minmetals , Guangdong earth, Ganzhou Rare Earth , Xiamen Tungsten composition , integration will remain the core of China's rare earth industry restructuring in the future one focus will be the integration of smelting and separating the upstream and downstream sectors of the integration of the whole industry chain.

According to the Information Office of the Ministry of Commerce on the 26th night of information , the World Trade Organization in Geneva time on the 26th afternoon announced v. Chinese rare earths , tungsten, molybdenum export management measures related to the case of the expert group report of the U.S. , EU, Japan , China 's rare earth trade litigation preliminary ruling against China .

In accordance with WTO appeals process , China has the right to appeal , the Appellate Body ruling probably within three months within 60 days. Commerce Department of Treaty and Law Department official said that China is currently evaluating the report panel decisions and make proper follow-up of the case under the WTO dispute settlement procedures .


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Recently, the World Trade Organization (WTO) ruled that China 's rare earth export quota system violated trade rules , postponed for two years of the United States, Europe, Japan v. China 's rare earth end up losing the case in China , which again raises the industry's quota system for rare earth deposits waste controversy. Accordance with the rules , WTO ruled against the Chinese , the Chinese can continue to appeal , if eventually lost by repealing the rare earth quotas only a matter of time .

The author believes that the abolition of the quota system of rare earth is ripe , even without the WTO ruled that China should consider abolishing the rare earth export quotas.

Rare earth export quota system began in 1998 , the original intention was to environmental protection, regulate the export order. Three years after China joined the WTO, namely, as promised , within the prescribed period to cancel most of the product out ( into ) import quotas , only 22 kinds of commodities as of 2014 remains the purposes of quota license management system. Rare is one of the 22 kinds of commodities, and is the only non-ferrous metal resources. If canceled quota management , that means non-ferrous metal resources will bid farewell to the " quota era ."

In recent years, China 's largest rare earth exports face embarrassment , one is used up the quota , on the other hand is rampant smuggling , which makes the role of rare earth quota system is limited, even in name only.

The starting point is to limit the number of quota exports , regulate the export order. However, the amount of China's rare earth quotas in 2011 only 61.6% , in 2012 is further reduced to less than 50 % in October 2013, completed only 57.8% of the quota , export quotas simply not be completed , not to mention limiting the number of exported natural . An enterprise hard fight to 100,000 tons of export quotas , only to buy 50,000 tons , the quota what sense?

Customs export data from the above statistics , it is not necessarily true export data . Why rare earth export customs statistics data shrinking global economic downturn led to weak demand factors ? Is the United States, Canada and other countries to increase the exploitation of domestic rare earth supply it? No, the root cause of this problem is the smuggling of rare earths , or the name of the name of the primary export processed while disguised smuggling, Customs continue to find these major cases of smuggling of rare earth . The reason lies in the confusion of smuggling of rare earth production areas , private owners without permission wasteful mining , large ineffective integration of rare earth group , which points to China 's rare earth industry ills .

The effect of limited quota management , a number of shortcomings , the most obvious drawback is the breeding ground for corruption. Quotas are trade controls , there have gray transaction control and rent-seeking space , many companies do not export quota of rare earth , as long as the market " buy ," while sitting on the sale of rare earth quotas business indicators alone can get expensive income , this scene and coke quota year , the textile quotas chaos to repeat itself.

Another disadvantage is the " giving others a handle ." Since 1947 GATT (GATT, WTO 's predecessor ), the Member States and parties in order to reduce and eliminate quotas , the implementation of free trade efforts. Starting point of China's rare earth quotas is to protect the environment and resources, but this view is not accepted by a WTO panel , in this case , China needs to accept the " rules of the game " , if the continued implementation of quota management , which the WTO contrary to commitments .

Rare is the strategic materials , is the "industrial blood " , involving the national interest , the need to manage the whole industry chain , not just stare quota management , not suffering from addiction quota . Currently the country is vigorously promoting the integration of rare earths by Steel, Minmetals , Chinalco , Guangdong earth, Ganzhou Rare Earth , Xiamen Tungsten as an integrated subject, by association, merger , reorganization , etc., to improve industrial concentration. Overall, the rare earth industry consolidation has some success , several major Rare Earth Group prototype surfaced , but needs further grooming industry chain , to complete substantive consolidation. Cancel quota management , integration of rare earth industry is also a Forced .

China 's rare earth industry bigger and bigger and stronger , but the first step in the integration of resources , the greater challenge is to convert industrial model from export resources , export of primary processed into export processing products, accelerate application development and industrial upgrading, do potentially high value-added industries will remain in the country , this is the fundamental way to China 's rare earth industry .


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1 dollar of rare earth materials , we roughing up to sell 10 yuan , 20 yuan , to the U.S. and Europe made ​​product, we will spend 1,000 yuan to buy back

China supplies more than 90 percent of the world's rare earth resources , but because there is no obtain rare earth pricing , selling resources into "cabbage price ."

This imbalance , so that our country faced up to the regulation of rare earth industry . Implementation of rare earth quota system is based on the protection of the environment and resource considerations , a control implemented in the export sector .

Antaike rare earth market research analyst Chen Huan analysis, said the elimination of export management measures will not have much impact on China's rare earth industry itself , the real impact will be China's rare earth deep processing and application aspects .

Assistant President of China Minmetals Mr Wang 's remarks earlier interview , revealed the rare earth industry in the short-board processing areas: one dollar of rare earth materials , we roughing up to sell 10 yuan , 20 yuan , to the European and American made ​​products , we have spent 1,000 yuan to buy it back.

April 2 , Inner Mongolia , a rare corporate executives told reporters , " Our way is not that rare earth industry consolidation, but how deep into the rough machining . "

At present , China's rare earth raw materials and processing industry remained roughly three bases and two north-south pattern of production systems , with the implementation of national policy , there is a further focus on the trend . However, according to the Ministry of Industrial Research Institute CCID director袁开洪materials research , the three main bases for the production base , its main products are mostly raw and rough in the primary stage of product development and other downstream applications that slow development .

In NdFeB , for example, it is divided into two kinds of NdFeB sintered NdFeB and bonded . Wherein the bonded magnets are neodymium NdFeB alloy powder , epoxy resin , plastic and other additives, such mixed binder , using a molding method such as compression molding , calender molding, injection molding and is prepared made of composite permanent magnet.

Galaxy magnet there had projects , namely through the use of bonded NdFeB magnets, praseodymium , neodymium alloy available annually about 1,200 tons , can greatly reduce the cost of electricity . However, due to the volatility of rare earth price " roller coaster " type , have a significant impact on the bonded NdFeB industry , this project also because the user can not accept early mortality .

"In the rare earth prices skyrocketing , even as selling products directly sell resources. " aforementioned corporate executives say , by the influence of rare earth spike , rare earth downstream processing sectors hard hit .

In the interview with this reporter in the eyes of many industry people , China 's rare earth deep processing level varies greatly, NdFeB industry is in a leading position in many respects , but in rare profits , driven by continued expansion of raw commodities sectors , relative but a sharp decline in downstream applications . " Not only is the fight of faith , as well as reputation, up to now no fully recovered . "

Another rare earth deep processing of distress " bothering " is caused by a duplication of serious excess capacity .

袁开洪said that although China's rare earth permanent magnet production ranked first in the world , but the market share of high-performance permanent magnet materials is less than 10 %. Many provinces , even without the resources and core technology , the new project is still a lot of construction NdFeB , resulting in a more serious homogenization phenomenon vicious competition .

"We hey some companies are a division of labor , and now every place in the enclosure, do engage in NdFeB Rare Earth Zone , a dozen things turn out two million tons, which is the largest repeated construction waste . " People who had the rare earth enterprises , told this reporter.

In fact , there is not just part of the rare earth separation overcapacity , luminescent materials , there are also a lot of excess capacity. Among them, the 2011 rare earth luminescent materials production capacity of 6,000 tons, but after only a year on more than 20,000 tons of production capacity , a lot of new capacity projects are launched from 4,000 tons.

Reporter access to "1 +5" program in six business groups , are all involved in the deep processing field . In Xiamen Tungsten , for example, since 2006 the company entered the rare earth industry , focusing on the development of rare earth deep processing industry , now has 5,000 tons of hydrogen storage alloy powder project , 1,000 tons phosphor projects.

In addition, has made it clear to fade upstream control over the future development strategy of Rare-Earth also focus on developing applications of rare earth materials , rare earth materials to expand the field of high-end applications , application of technology to enhance the level of rare earth , rare earth products to increase the added value . Baogang Group even promised to support the focus on the development of rare earth smelting Baotou Steel Rare Earth , separation, materials and applications, Baotou Steel Rare-Earth Group for the rare earth smelting , separation and integration party applications business.

The real problem is that the current domestic rare earth processing enterprises concentrated in NdFeB , luminescent materials and NiMH batteries three industries , high-tech industries rarely dabbled in other applications . Rare earth deep processing industry homogeneity, has seriously hampered the development of rare-earth applications.

" China 's rare earth industry chain is very short , the real high value-added chain is the end product , but all these years we still sell primary products of rare earth , which in turn also to thousands of times the price to buy deep- processed products from abroad . " preceding business people said.

He believes the key to the rare earth deep-processing industry is to look at the application side , the current application link is not up for three main reasons : First, alternative materials for the market to seize the high-end market is difficult technical issues , then there are sluggish exports , domestic consumption has always been short board ; also lanthanum magnesium nickel- hydrogen storage battery domestic industrial enterprises there are problems .


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Recently, the " Sixth International Rare Earth Summit" held in Nanning, Guangxi , 150 people from Australia, Brazil, Germany , Japan and China rare earth enterprises businessmen attended the meeting.

Meeting to discuss the opportunities and challenges currently facing the global rare earths market , the industry supply chain integration trends, the 2014 outlook could again boost the rare earth market , the future of the world's supply of rare earth diversified pattern is to promote the healthy development of rare-earth issues such as market stability . From Brazil , Australia and China have a speech on behalf of well-known enterprises .

Were invited to introduce the situation of the integration and development of rare earth industry in Guangxi Guangxi rare earth resources and industrial development advantages , etc. at the conference .


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First, quality driven. Depth areas, conduct workshops Xingyuan quality , quality-level , quality- product activities, and actively organize special equipment safety training of personnel and corporate staff of 16 times the quality of management training for businesses to send and regulations , brought technology to send service . Second, brand driven . Encourage some companies first establish a brand , bring the whole earth industry bigger and stronger , guide enterprises to take "quality to the brand to win the competition ," the road to become foster Jinlong Rare quality management advanced enterprises in Fujian Province , drums pushing their participation City Government Quality Award . The third is linked to aid . The implementation of " one ", " face to face" , "The Real Deal " helping to help enterprises solve the survival and development of quality , technical difficulty , help enterprises out of the woods . While the implementation of metering service into the park, to reduce the pressure from the economic enterprise . Fourth, security Build . In spot checks , comprehensive inspections , up and down interaction, departmental interaction and other forms of security risks for enterprises excluded 63 , improving production conditions producing areas . Staff posts for special equipment certificates were strictly Mopai , reaching 100% certified , so accidents are nipped in the bud. Fifth, technical services. For the rare earth industry deficiencies technology, hardware equipment , personnel and other aspects of the council on the one hand to provide help standards , while actively promoting rare quality inspection center preparatory work to build the county's rare earth industry has become the highlight industries.


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Rare earth prices tend to change the overall stability, no longer had the same volatility as in the entire first quarter, the volatility is not rare , but the interior of the structural characteristics of the rare earth is very prominent , in which the light rare earth prices, especially lanthanum oxide and cerium prices continue to fall , heavy rare earth , rare earth magnetic high operating rates , praseodymium , neodymium demand better prices ; but weak demand phosphor europium oxide , yttrium and other prices.

Currently, there are major changes in the rare earth industry : first , the contribution of overseas output of rare earth enterprises gradually . For example , Linus Australia Limited (Lynas) increased production . In the first half of 2013 , LYNAS said the first phase of 11,000 tons of smelting capacity through, and sales in the second quarter . In the third quarter , the company produced a total of 253 tons (REO meter, an increase of 76% over the second quarter ) smelting separation products , sold 218 tons ( an increase of 86% over the second quarter ) , the average selling price of 22.7 U.S. dollars / kg , in the fourth quarter , The company has produced 741 tons of rare earth oxides , an increase of 2 times the average selling price dropped to 21.48 U.S. dollars / kg. Currently, the second phase of 11,000 tons of rare earth oxide expansion project has been completed and received permission to operate , but the launch will depend on the capacity of the downstream demand and the price may be. American Molybdenum Company (Moly Corp): Moly Corp MtPass mine in 2013 , with total production of rare earth ore REO3926 tons, an increase of 47 % compared to 2012 . RE supply Moly Corp has gradually improved. In addition, the support of Japan , Vietnam, India , Mongolia, Myanmar and other countries are also vigorously develop the country's rare earth resources . The Greenland also liberalized restrictions on rare earth mine development , there are a number of companies have exploration projects in Greenland , will become a potential growth of rare earth supply.


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Rare continuing weakness in running the festival hopes after the current market demand has risen, cheap shipping will be reduced. The current market price of dysprosium slight upward trend , but less downstream disk access , the actual turnover mainly steady .

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 570,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 310,000-320,000 yuan / ton.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax 160-170 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 165-175 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 21,000-22,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 310,000-320,000 yuan / ton , praseodymium , neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 405,000-41,500 yuan / ton.

Fluorescent europium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,000-4,200 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 3,000-3,200 yuan / kg.


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Rational person is not necessarily the winner. This paradox appears again in international trade disputes. WTO trade dispute before it made ​​a rare earth is not conducive to China 's ruling, the strong Chinese public reaction from the official to the people thought that China was being unfairly treated.

Although the WTO decision is called " established rules " , but this does not say that the decision is reasonable.

RE both resources, but also commodities , and the main purpose is rare in high-tech industries , high-tech goods also . To the United States and Europe as the representative of the Western countries have long restricted high-tech exports to China , has not been considered a violation of WTO rules .

Even more puzzling is that some of the world's most closely with the export control system of the western countries , can justifiably " name names " for China to restrict exports of precision machine tools, electronics parts and other high-tech products , while China out reversing the disorderly exploitation of rare catastrophic damage to the environment , and the introduction of no control measures against any country in violation of the rules was convicted .

Western countries are reasons for high-tech products that could be used for military purposes , but it is the rare earths are used extensively for high-end military equipment.

Anyway still does not make sense . The only explanation is the " rule of discrimination " and " double standards ."

WTO as a norm of international trade organizations , should uphold the principles of justice . Although the recent ruling was made ​​by the rules , but the rules have limitations , but also need to reform the times , especially after China's accession to the WTO so that developing countries , many of the rules established by the developed countries in itself is not fair.

To say the least , rare earths are not really "rare ", but also non-Chinese exclusive . The mid- 1960s to the late 1980s , proved reserves after China and the CIS countries the United States once dominated the world's rare earth supply .

Later , considering the huge resource and environmental costs , the United States gradually closed its mines in favor of imports from China . Some other Western countries to follow suit.

In fact , China 's rare earth reserves account for only 23% of the world, but the long-term global demand for rare earths supply more than 90% . Rather than Chinese monopoly on rare earth supply , as it was " silly very naive" be someone pushed the "hegemony " status.

Consideration for China to pay is enormous - old green Bitian become vast sandy mountains , barren farmland , water pollution , waste slag piles up the mountain .

For those who have become accustomed to cheap Chinese rare earth enjoy Western countries, they can not see them , because only in this way , the above picture will not appear in their own country .

Since the Chinese rare earth mining consolidation , since smelting industry , environmental governance has achieved success , but still away from the ideal state far worse , still needs time and space to completely reverse the trend of environmental degradation .

WTO experts should go to China and see , compare China due to environmental disaster caused by rare earth mining rare earth minerals and the United States above the picturesque landscape vegetation , giving China an unfair ruling.


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