National Committee of rare earth standard technology recently held a meeting to discuss and approve ", rare earth products" designation for 18 rare earth industry standard. In 18 standard, europium oxide 3 product standards by Baotou Steel Rare Earth and rare earth as the main drafting unit for examination, examination and discussion of the first part; analysis method of rare earth phosphor chemical waste 1 methods: "standard" determination of total rare earth oxides by rare earth as the main drafting units of rare earth products; "designation for" standard by Baotou Steel Rare Earth some subsidiary companies as the second "participated in the validation. The meeting also on 2014 to 2015 rare standard project plan argumentation, rare earth and the HydroGen Corporation proposed 7 industry standards recommend method.


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Recently, in the WTO (WTO) issued a report of the expert group on the export of rare earth China dispute about a month later, the respondent China to WTO Appellate Body filed appeal documents. According to the WTO Appellate Body last Friday published documents, the expert group report more than 170 paragraphs to the contrary, that report misinterpreted WTO rules and China WTO documents, and demands the appellate body rejected the Chinese &ldquo expert group report; export quota & rdquo; illegal ruling.

In recent years, Chinese government for Protect environment as well as domestic exhaustible resources of successively promulgated a series of restrictions on raw materials such as rare earths exports measures, this caused the beauty, European countries and Japan, as the rare earth as strategic resource and long-term China imported from traditional “ major ” discontent. But in fact, Chinese have rare earth resources are not abundant, but the country has been the most rare earth export all over the world.

With the rapid development of high-tech industry, the rapid growth of global demand and consumption amount of rare earth. Rare earth resources are non renewable resources, because of years of plenty, disordered mining, rare earth resources China's on the verge of exhaustion. On the other hand, the effect of rare earth production, machining process on the ecological environment of the mining giant, caused by environmental pollution is serious. Therefore, to a certain extent, rare earth export restrictions will help to curb the momentum of the China rare earth mining, consistent with sustainable development policy objectives.

Over the past 20 years the global rare earth supply 90% from China. Single in terms of trade, China's exports of rare earths to importer use enterprise caused adverse effects. On the one hand, the export tax to foreign importers and domestic rare earth enterprise face different prices. On the other hand, the export quota in the rare earth international market in short supply, increase the cost of importing enterprises.

After losing China cancel rare earth quotas, tariff cuts, rare earth export gate opening, opened a new round of enterprise reshuffle prelude. On the one hand, within a period of time, the overall price of rare earth products of all kinds will decline further, which will directly lead to the closure of small and medium enterprises out or be part of M & A; on the other hand, for reasons of environmental protection, the government will in the early stimulation industry consolidation basis, accelerate the Group restructuring process.

Department of Commerce International Trade and Economic Cooperation Research Institute researcher Jin Baisong said, there is not enough Chinese system introduced such problems in rare earths, needs further reform. China as a big trading country in the world, should establish a positive image, to the maintenance of international rules, international responsibility to maintain a clear understanding, act in accordance with international rules. The current our country to build a rare earth &ldquo defense security, economic security based on strategic resources management system; ”, and this must be a and international rules, is in line with the rules of the World Trade Organization system.

Golden cypress pine on “ &rdquo strategic resources management system; to do a further explanation. He said, this is a set including export control, strategic resources of enterprise storage, centralized mining, smelting, refining, high-tech materials development and industrial manufacturing, building sales market order, the establishment of a global market trading center, denominated in Renminbi, execute 24 hours of spot and futures trading, carry out the administrative examination and approval procedures, the distinction of international cooperation partner hierarchy. Establish and perfect the system, not only can protect and make good use of our precious resources, the development of domestic high-tech materials industry, as an important industry in the future development of China's military to leave some leeway, but also with the United States, Japan, Europe and other established equivalence, flexible, distinguish the relations of cooperation.


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Recently, Ganzhou city mine pipe bureau deputy director Xu Xinfeng led the rare earth mining order rectification and supervision of special operations &ldquo ” look back; the inspection group to check the five county of Anyuan rare earth mining order regulation.

Supervision inspection team and his party first came to the illegal mining point of view after rectification, and a sample of rare earth separation of enterprise — Anyuan Mingda company, in the company informed listened carefully to the person in charge of the company on the production of the report, and carefully check the related materials. Inspection team to Anyuan County in the rare earth mining order rectification and regulation of &ldquo ” look back; to take special action measures and achievements to be sure. At the same time stressed, must treasure be not easily won the rectification results, continue to strengthen the supervision of rare earth mining order.


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At present, the Bureau has 6 major rare earth group signed the agreement in the end of the month, rare earth and rare earth, and is expected to rise again. In addition, the National Standard Committee of rare earth technology recently held a meeting to discuss and approve, the "rare earth product designation for" 18 rare earth industry standard. With the establishment of six rare earth group, the new pricing mechanism of rare earth is expected to break.

From the historical data, 1 to February is the off-season demand for rare earths, 3 to May exports of rare earth metals were usually have the obvious growth. If the recent national Shouchu plans to gradually implement, then the rare earth price corresponds to the stage at the bottom. Industry optimistic market outlook is expected to domestic rare earth prices upward, next quarter price increase is expected to reach about 15%.


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The Ministry of personnel and education department director Yi Xueqing, the Ministry of raw materials department inspector (rare earth office director) Jia Yinsong visit Jiangxi Longnan foot hole mining area of rare earth, rare earth mining, processing and application of survey supervision work. Accompanied by Vice Mayor of Ganzhou Liu Jianping, Longnan county Party Secretary Xue Qiang research.

Clothing lilac, Jia Yinsong a line on foot hole rare earth mines, a detailed understanding of Longnan rare earth mining history, listened to the improvement of rare earth mining technology introduction. The foot hole rare earth checkpoints, vests lilac watched with great interest the rare earth mine video monitoring system to improve, Longnan County, rare earth mining technology, and actively explore the re regulatory approach affirmed. Yi Xueqing, Jia Yinsong and his entourage also visited the Jiangxi in Luma rare earth luminescent materials Co. Ltd., Ganzhou rare earth smelting, learn more about the Longnan made in rare earth separation and deep processing and application of results, and asked the county to further strengthen the research and development of rare earth deep-processing and applications, and vigorously promote the construction of the rare earth industry base, rare earth much more products to the benefit of the people.


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According to reports, the Economic Commission decided to Eurasia, pure form, and mixed form of scandium and yttrium rare earth metal, provisional import tariff. These metals are used to obtain a super hardness materials.

Economic Commission of Eurasian bulletin, zero tariff will execute from May 1, 2014 to April 30, 2015.

Economic Commission for Europe Asia Trade Minister Andreas Leo Puni AF think, this measure aims to ease the shortage of market members of scandium and yttrium customs union, as in Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan is almost does not produce these rare earth metals, rare earth metals on the import of these zero tariff will help the customs union members in developing high and new technology industry.

In addition, the Economic Commission decided to roll the Eurasian, import tariffs on certain types of rolling mill is improved from 0% to 8.3%. The move is in order to improve the customs union members, business investment, and help to expand the utilization rate of the production equipment.


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Today, rare earth prices continue to stalemate, before the last day, buyers into purchasing more weakened the positive degree, at the same time supplier for Shouchu hasn't begun to price goods will is also low, supply and demand are stalemate, rare earth prices continue to be vulnerable.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers including tax 160-165 yuan / ton, Dy Fe mainstream manufacturers including tax price 165-170 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers including tax price of 570000-580000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 310000-320000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers including tax price of 19000-20000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers including tax price of 20000-21000 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium neodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers including tax price of 315000-325000 yuan / ton, praseodymium and neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers including tax price of 410000-420000 yuan / ton.

Europium oxide of phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers including tax price 3950-4050 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide of phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers including tax price 3000-3200 yuan / kg.


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Currently the State Reserve Bureau has signed an agreement with six major purchasing and storage of rare earth rare earth group , at a time of the month, purchasing and storage of rare earth is expected to heat up again . In addition , the National Committee of Standards and Technology rare recently held a meeting to discuss and validation of the " rare earth grades representation " and 18 rare earth industry standards. Baotou Steel Rare Earth and Rare hospital subordinate units , International Trade Company , and the United States company , involved in the development of hydrogen storage company which led a number of criteria . With the formation of six Rare Earth Group , a new pricing mechanism of rare earths is expected to break Bureau .

RE purchasing and storage time approaching

It is understood that the second round of rare earth Shouchu ongoing negotiations are expected to finalize the details of the next purchasing and storage price. After a continuous decline in the fourth quarter of 2013 , rare earth prices are close to the level of the bottom of the mid- 2013 period.

After the news that April 10 will ultimately determine the price of purchasing and storage , in the purchasing and storage expected strong background in late March to early April rare earth prices have risen. And because there is no final detailed program introduced, therefore , two weeks before the return of rare earth price decline . However , in view of the State Reserve Bureau has signed an agreement with the purchasing and storage of rare earth aluminum , Minmetals , Steel, Jiangxi thin, Xiamen Tungsten and Rising colored , purchasing and storage of rare earth can be considered to have officially finalized . Near the end of April , purchasing and storage is expected to rise again . It is said that purchasing and storage of product categories may be oxide, praseodymium , neodymium , praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide, europium , terbium oxide, lutetium oxide, dysprosium oxide, erbium oxide, yttrium oxide , the number of purchasing and storage on the basis of the original 10,000 tons an additional 30% of the self- storage business , purchasing and storage of rare earth prices by about 10% -15 % higher than the current market price of the mainstream , of course , before the formal introduction of the final purchasing and storage of Association , any message also belong to guess.

From the historical data , from January to February is the off-season demand for rare earths , the chain typically have significantly increased the amount of rare earth exports from March to May . If you plan to gradually implement the recent state purchasing and storage , then the current price of rare earth corresponding stage at the bottom . Insiders optimistic market outlook is expected to determine the domestic rare earth prices upward , price increases in the coming quarter is expected to reach about 15%.

When the domestic rare earth prices fall to a certain price , the state purchasing and storage mechanism in accordance with the requirements in the market, purchasing and storage ; When rare earth prices rose to a certain price , the state sold rare as requested by purchasing and storage mechanisms. When the total excessive exploitation of rare earth resources , led to a substantial decline in rare earth prices , the State timely reserves , will play an effective role in regulating the market .

Of course, purchasing and storage price adjustment is only a means , and has certain limitations . When the rare earth prices, companies have an incentive to sell rare earths is difficult to stabilize prices ; while in rare-earth prices are low , purchasing and storage enterprises conduct a more limited impact on the market price . Management of rare earths should be from the source of governance, the fight against illegal poaching behavior , can play a role in stabilizing market prices.

Analysts pointed out that , in addition to purchasing and storage , it should accelerate the integration process of the rare earth industry , so the market by reducing the supply of rare earths to stabilize prices . Purchasing and storage plan should be carried out in large and medium enterprises , it will also strengthen in line with the industrial policy of competitive advantage , with the relevant environmental policies , the market will also accelerate the pace of mergers and reorganization .

Industry -standard validation beneficial pricing

Sino-US trade disputes in rare case, the WTO panel found preliminary export duties and export quotas for rare earth products to implement measures to China in violation of the established rules , said China appealed to the export control of resources and environmental protection, and tried to use tariffs and general Agreement on Trade (GATT) Article 20 of the general exception provisions on environmental protection to defend .

It is understood that every ton of rare earths will also produce hundreds of tons of waste, causing serious pollution of water and soil . U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) , said rare earths in the process can lead to contamination of surface water and groundwater heavy metals and radionuclides , and for the immersion of rare earth concentrated acid will make the soil near the mine no longer suitable for farming. In other countries , mineral mining, the high cost required for the rule of environmental pollution makes some items discontinued, so that these countries by the rare earth exporter to importer .

Recently , the National Committee of Standards and Technology held a rare meeting to discuss and validation of the " rare earth grades representation " and 18 rare earth industry standards. Baotou Steel Rare Earth and Rare hospital subordinate units , International Trade Company , and the United States company , involved in the development of hydrogen storage company which led a number of criteria .

In the 18 standard, europium oxide and other three product standards for validation , pre-trial and discussed by the Baotou Steel Rare Earth and Rare hospital as the main drafter ; 1 standard method " abandoned chemical analysis of rare earth phosphors first part : total rare earth oxides Determination of the amount of " discussed by the hospital as the main drafter of the rare earth ; " rare earth grades representation "and other standards to participate in the validation by the Baotou Rare Earth subsidiary, as the second part of the drafters . It was also on the 2014-2015 project to demonstrate the standard RE , RE hospital and hydrogen storage method for companies to seven industry standards recommendations.

At the same time , advanced rare earth materials industry technology innovation strategic alliance ( the pilot ) started in Beijing , Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth ( Group ) Hi-Tech Co. pushed as executive vice chairman of the unit .

Advanced rare earth materials industry technology innovation strategic alliance is under the guidance of the Ministry of Science , led the establishment of the Rare-Earth "rare earth industry technology innovation strategic alliance" and the Beijing Nonferrous Metal Research Institute led the establishment of the "advanced rare earth materials and cleaning balanced use of industry technology innovation strategic alliance "formed in July 2013 from the strategic integration , and in November 2013 was voted the third installment of the State Ministry of Science and industrial Technology Innovation strategic Alliance pilot . Advanced rare earth materials industry technology innovation strategic alliance is currently gathering a large group of six rare earth , rare earth materials and key domestic enterprises, research institutions and universities of 33 members of the unit , the main face of China's rare earth industry development for the major key technical issues actively carry out effective cooperation with the research conducted industrial technology innovation , accelerate scientific and technological achievements and upgrading of industrial technology , to enhance the core competitiveness of the rare earth industry , and promote the healthy and orderly development of China's rare earth industry . Industry generally expect rare earth " group of six " is a good start regulate the rare earth market , only the establishment of a scientific pricing mechanism for rare earths , in order to reflect the strategic position of rare earth resources at a reasonable price , while in line with international trade rules.


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Since WTO announced China violation in rare earth export policy, America and China have appeal, policy objectives will not Chinese declared Protect environment and resource changes. Through this case, Chinese government is expected to pay more attention to and speed up the processing of rare earth market existing.

In order to cope with the international case of rare earth, rare earth industry association established, rare earth exchange operation.

Baotou rare earth exchange in March 28th trial operation of spot transactions, three kinds of rare earth oxide first listed respectively europium oxide and cerium oxide, praseodymium neodymium oxide.

Listing a month, in addition to cerium oxide, praseodymium neodymium oxide, europium oxide prices upward obviously in a month. But after all, through the trading companies is still a minority, according to observation and tracking has been listed on the stock exchange, the high prices, trading volume is very few, many enterprises do not care about the price, the rare earth prices on the spot market has a clear impact. Since the rare earth case with the initial conclusion, rare earth spot market overall remains stable operation, the leading bullish business mentality looking up stockpile situation, some species such as PR nd, Dy products prices rose slightly short, but compared with the exchange price is still a far cry from the.

Both rare earth prices fluctuations, serious pollution of the environment, the market speculation, or rare earth dispute and so on, in the final analysis is due to rare earth as the scarcity of the resource itself, characteristics of high value as well as the market itself the characteristics of decision. Secondly, the main reason for government to give priority to economic development rather than the eco home construction is also a problem difficult to solve for a long time.

The influence of rare earth exchange after all, remains to be seen, in order to improve the domestic rare earth market environment, protection of rare earth resources, integration, consolidation, storage is nearly two years to influence the market movements of the main policy tool. The rare earth market problem is not solve the ingrained, but it is not a can achieve, need more policy multi-channel solution, also need to cooperate with market participants. National policy should cause market participants interest and participation to make effective influence on the market.

Market participants need to policy formulation should meet most business interests. At present, the integration of the rare earth industry is still the big trend, but at some big group released the enterprise profit situation, rare earth industry profits substantially reduced, blind conformity can not bring to the enterprise performance, but will increase the burden.

At the end of 3 until now, market participants have good storage, looking up the price of rare earths, the past few years purchasing and storage system is obviously to the rare earth market prices influence, and the recent RE market is very smooth, sharp changes did not. The author thinks, as macro-control and market supply means, the implementation should be more regular, i.e. Shouchu frequency increases, such as quarterly Shouchu, quarterly constant reserves, according to an annual ten thousand tons of reserves, which will cause the burden to the state finance, but also easily lead to market speculation.

Of course, storage is a regulation of the auxiliary means, if the market long-term supply excess, storage quantity and will not impact on the market, is also difficult to support prices. To solve the main problems of current rare earth market approach is to control ore mining and rectifying the market illegal ore source.


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Along with China become the world 's largest trading nation , we have encountered in the international market by the trade friction in previous years mainly in the "access" part gradually expanded to the "quasi- out " link. March 27 , WTO confirmed that China's rare earth export tariffs and inconsistent with China's WTO accession signed by the relevant provisions of the Protocol , the Chinese export quotas on the product concerned does not comply with the rules set " 1994 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ." . While there are opportunities for Chinese complaint within 60 days , but on the rare opportunity also exists only in the case comeback " theory ."

On the rare case, since it is basically a foregone conclusion since losing total to eat a cutting wisdom . According to the views of many people in the rare case of " Live and learn " is no doubt that China lost pricing power in the international market , leading to the rare earth in the international market sold more cheap , and ultimately sold the loess rare earth prices . This view seems plausible , but somewhat superficial . In fact , this time losing in the rare case it is precisely within the constraints of the existing international trade rules , we compete for rare earth pricing efforts suffered a strong blocking EU, U.S. , Japan and other trading partners.

Some might say , why let China accounts for about 23 percent of the world's reserves of rare earths to supply 90% of the international market . Who is not? And what can it tell us? In today's international division of labor , which the State only for the domestic industry producing ? America is not the case , at least the production of Boeing aircraft sold to American Airlines just right . Apple phone is there worldwide. China is more than this , from shoes, clothing , household appliances, to steel, photovoltaic, many industries are inseparable from the international market. So, take the ratio of reserves described can not explain the gap between supply ratio problem . At least, in the rare case of failure to appeal , " Live and learn ," the focus is not on here. However , for a point of view, as a non-renewable resource commodities , development and utilization of rare earth resources, not only to emphasize sustainability, but also pay attention to the over-exploitation of rare earth resources caused damage to the ecological environment . For this reason , in recent years the Chinese government has taken a series of measures to strengthen the management of rare earth exports , including a quota system introduced from 2003 for rare earth exports starting in 2005 abolished the rare earth export tax rebates, the compression in 2005 export quotas business places , from November 1, 2006 rare earth export tariffs imposed .

It stands to reason , to protect the ecological environment and appropriate restrictions on exports of rare earths of the blame . Although the WTO prohibits export restrictions , but there are also for the conservation of exhaustible natural resources exceptions . However , the WTO believes that the conservation of exhaustible natural resources and limitations of such measures in the domestic production or consumption with the implementation , it is not in violation of WTO rules, and China in the limit "quasi- out ", but did not carry out the domestic the same restrictions. In fact , this is precisely China 's " soft underbelly ." In the extensive mode of economic development , the domestic rare earth resources for use efficiency is not high . If the peer set limits not only the domestic rare earth industry to seek a way out of a problem, but domestic pressure downstream industries are too large.

To be honest, though we be modest restrictions on exports of rare earths , but did not take the jammed supply the international market. In fact, China 's rare earth export quota of 80% of the amount in accordance with the design of the world , and rare earth export quotas in recent years have not been exhausted . So why Europe and America should do this complain to the WTO ? Obviously , that is, to the " loess price" buy rare earths. In fact, the 2010 rare earth export quota cuts largely contribute to the achievement of China's rare earth export prices bottoming out of . Since July 2010 , China's rare earth prices began to rise, which in early 2012 the average rose more than 200%. However, we knew that, but it can not effectively defend their rights under existing international trade rules . If in the rare case of losing the issue , " Live and learn ," then this " cutting " is that we do reasonably been arbitrarily considered substandard WTO 's " regulation ."

For rare cases lost, we in the " Live and learn ", the only " wit " is not enough , the need in many respects "long wisdom ."

On the one hand , the demands from our inner terms should not be used as the only means of limiting exports of rare earths . For some places , the rare earth mining in large part to bring jobs and tax revenue. If substantially reduce the size of the rare earth mining , the subsequent impact can not be ignored , such as local economic development will not be a drag ? There is no substitute for the rare earth mining industry ? How to properly relocated labor ? Clearly, the country with various departments also need to come up with a similar problem practical package solution . For example , in the mining areas of compressive scale mining of rare earth related downstream industries brought . Again , starting from the perspective of a comprehensive governance , to environmental protection, industry access management , develop policies and regulations , industrial restructuring and other aspects of the work to be integrated to build pressure to break impasse RE -sharing system from the supply source. If the rare case against us , " a lesson " , should include at least the "wisdom "

On the other hand , the external demands from our point of view, the relevant WTO rules we still have to abide by , but we have to comply with WTO rules and not just a Chinese thing. In the " quasi- out " link, European countries handicapping example there? So far , the United States not only to maintain the restrictions on exports to China of high-tech products , but do not let the EU's output of high-tech products , on the grounds that these products may be used for military purposes. We export of rare earth resources are a strategic resource , and many high-tech military products are inseparable from the rare earths. For some countries restrict exports of high-tech products , we can consider a " non- bona fide " behavior. That being the case , we are of rare earth exports to those countries that have a say ? In fact, the "quasi- out " case , the WTO is often people do not move, officials do not study . We do not say goodbye to people , and once people tell us that we are not even a bargaining chip . In this respect, still need " a lesson ."


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