Not long ago , the U.S. House of Representatives Rules Committee passed the " 2013 National Strategic and Critical Minerals Production Act" consideration of the General Assembly formally tabled in the House discussed the bill was in February 2013 by the U.S. House of Representatives proposed Delaware Republican congressman Amoudi , at present , nearly 60 members signed in support of the bill. The bill plans to reduce dependence on Chinese rare earths .

And as early as March 13, 2012 , U.S. President Barack Obama announced that the U.S. joint EU and Japan, and other parts of China's rare earth export restrictions on raw materials filed a trade complaint to the WTO , the proposal is to force China to continue to maintain a large number of rare earth exports , and the price is not too high. The author believes that "force" China continues to export cheap does not comply with international practice, but release the rare earth mining ordering practical significance.

As we all know , is a rare earth mineral resources , military industry and other high-tech industries are widely used, have the oil, food is just as important to the basic product attributes . Comrade Deng Xiaoping once said , "The Middle East has oil , China has rare earth ." At present, China has the largest rare earth reserves and production , accounted for 97% of global supply . Since the 1970s , China had more than 90% owned reserves , but China is the only one able to provide all the 17 kinds of rare earth metals in the country. But with the large number of mining, 2011 reserves had fallen to 23%. The United States , Australia, the European Union and other countries to maintain a large number of rare earth reserves , but not mine , the relative lack of rare earth resources in Japan , the Japanese import large quantities of Chinese rare earth, rare earth products and a large number of reserves to maintain its production in the future .

From an economic perspective, is a rare commodity , but it is a special commodity , from a global point of view , or a " strategic products", or the " weapon products", he explains the scarcity of its resources On the other hand earth has important strategic significance. Therefore , the non-renewable , but also need to be imported , or a large number of mining, but mining requires a lot of labor input , but also pollute the environment. Many developed countries are highly dependent on Chinese rare earth , such as the 2011 Japan accounted for 56 %, U.S. 14% .

For a long time , China did not attach importance to the importance of rare earths . Mainly for 90-100 large number of rare earth mining companies , competing and low-priced exports , causing environmental pollution , wastage of resources , and the large number of exports go to developed countries . While developed countries are not rare earth mining country , and a large number of rare earth imports . Because the earth has a non-renewable resources, but reserves are limited, in the mining process , polluting the environment , so from cost considerations, many developed countries, it is not mine , but a large number of rare earth imports from China , and many Chinese enterprises compete with each other to make rare earth prices cheaper.

In recent years, Chinese government has gradually recognized as an important product characteristics of rare earth , so from 2007 , the state began limiting mining, export restrictions , such as to restrict production , the development of export quotas, export duties levied way , by economic means export restrictions , but suffer from the U.S., EU , Japan, Canada and other countries to obstruct .

The author believes that the future of China should first establish a sustainable earth reserves and maintain high reserves . Avoid excessive exploitation of rare earth reserves, which lay the foundation for sustainable development in China , the development of China's rare earth mining industry policy , limiting the number of mining , in 2015 30% of the world 's reserves remain for China's economic and social basis for sustainable development .

Secondly, the mining and export management , adoption of a quota system and raise export tariffs. For blind export problems should be taken to limit the production of industrial policy and adopt export quota system to limit the blind exports, exports of rare earth high tariffs . At present, China accounted for 97 % of the world market is not sustainable, but also by the low labor costs and lower prices brought about , it can be appropriate to reduce the production , to reduce the share.

Furthermore, is to increase scientific and technological input , improve resource utilization and recovery of rare earths . Emphasis on rare earth mining , processing, storage, transportation, recycling, reuse of scientific and technological input , to avoid extensive management, reduce losses and waste, improve the operational efficiency of the domestic rare earth industry .

Finally, strengthening the control of rare earth supply chain and conditionally make the supply chain main chain . Rare earth exploration, mining , processing, storage, transportation, recycling, reuse is a supply chain , China should play in the supply chain chain master role can be appropriately involved in the supply chain operations, from supply chain to the regional supply chain, from regional supply chains to global supply chains , which really play a leading role , not just the so-called pricing power, the right to speak .


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Huxue Fang said that due to various reasons the lighting industry demand for rare earths has been drastically reduced, and the peak period (2010, 2011) compared to current demand for terbium oxide and europium oxide has been reduced by 60% -70%.

Huxue Fang on Thursday (12 May) at the 2013 annual meeting of the International Rare made ​​the above remarks.

Huxue Fang said that the lighting industry has greatly reduced demand for rare earths main reasons: the global economic downturn, coupled with LED replacement, making the fluorescent demand decreased by 20% -30%; coated process improvements, such as the emergence of high conservation coated phosphor the used amount of powder, phosphor demand is reduced by 50% -60%; phosphor technology to improve the utilization of reclaimed powder plus reduced amount of rare earth.

According to the said 2012 sales of domestic rare earth phosphors produced about 4,000 tons, while the production capacity of 30,000 tons, "production capacity is far greater than the demand." Rare-earth phosphor sales this year and last year probably, of 4000 tons, "and in 2010, in 2011, when sales of rare earth phosphor approximately 8000 tons, but some of them are inventory."

Huxue Fang said rare earth luminescent material costs accounted for the proportion is 80%, while the share of rare earth luminescent materials downstream applications, compared to just 6%, so the lighting industry, a significant reduction in demand for rare earth rare earth industry, the impact is limited.


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September 13, China Minmetals Chemicals Import and Export Chamber of Commerce vice president Liu Yi M said on Thursday that more adequate supply of light rare earth, rare earth Baotou Steel Rare Earth 170 million tons of tailings can be extracted more than 1,000 tons light rare earths, in accordance with current usage , enough for more than 100 years.
    
He was held in the UK metal mesh 2013 annual meeting of the International Rare Earth. He believes that national strategies should be more purchasing and storage of heavy rare earth reserves, but because the price is too high, the cost too difficult to achieve.


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September 11, technicians located in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province Development Institute for tungsten and rare earth mine drainage liquid chromatography analysis. It is understood that the institute costing nearly 200 million from the U.S. introduction of gas chromatography and liquid chromatography analyzer has officially put into use, mine wastewater treatment solutions will provide more detailed data to support.

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Monday rare earth market more deserted, there are vendors reflect market outlook too hard, poor downstream demand, purchasing and storage has not been finalized, many businesses watching the market, yet the price adjustment.

Dysprosium products market, currently dysprosium oxide with votes 205-210 yuan / ton, with no votes 1.75 million yuan / ton, some businesses can accept 1.7 million yuan / ton shipments. Dysprosium iron with votes 215-220 yuan / ton, with no votes 1.85 million yuan / ton, the individual lower price at 180 yuan / ton.

According Baotou manufacturers reflects the current market trend praseodymium neodymium not change too much, praseodymium and neodymium oxide, praseodymium and neodymium quotes unchanged from Friday. Currently neodymium praseodymium oxide ore with votes 34.5-35 yuan / ton or so, with no votes 300,000 yuan / ton, Ganzhou region supplier, said demand is not good, non-neodymium praseodymium oxide ore with no votes 290,000 yuan / ton to shipments. Praseodymium neodymium metal market with ticket prices did not change too much, the market is relatively deserted, Ganzhou area manufacturers offer nearly two weeks has been maintained at 450,000 yuan / ton, the market can be shipped with no ticket price of 375,000 yuan / ton and above.

Waste magnetic electric car market, today's market offers range adjustment, some minor adjustments businesses 1-2 yuan / kg, the mainstream is not much change in the basic price. Reflect the wishes of recyclers do not actively receiving, inventory amount is not too big, and some recycling manufacturers and traders based on the application and the needs of manufacturers appropriate procurement. Medium and large traders to scrap the current price in a short magnetic strip 98-100 yuan / kg, long 108-110 yuan / kg, tiles 128-130 yuan / kg. Waste Electrical and prices unchanged last week, brushless 82-83 yuan / month, brush 130-140 yuan / month.


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Recently, Guangxi Land and Resources Department issued a notice requiring all cities and counties of Land and Resources Bureau in accordance with the unified arrangements of the local government, earnestly fulfill departmental responsibilities in the fight against rare earth mining production and circulation of illegal special action. First, a comprehensive investigation of the illegal exploration and mining of rare earth behavior. Second, a comprehensive inventory of rare earth resources, recycling of construction projects the situation. Investigation of railways, highways, various industrial parks and urban expansion area of rare earth resource recovery projects, a comprehensive inventory of rare earth recycling projects engineering distribution area. Three is resolutely investigate and punish, prospecting and mining ban undocumented illegal activities, and timely removal of illegal construction of surface facilities, seized equipment, filling the wellbore, sealing the wellhead to stop water, electricity and pyrotechnics product supply, restore landscapes, minerals and illegal confiscation income. Four investigated and dealt with mining exploration on behalf of exploration and other illegal acts on behalf of the existence in mining exploration, prospecting not in accordance with the approved design and construction standards of conduct exploration, and ordered rectification, confiscate to the mineral exploration and mining on behalf of illegal proceeds and punished according to law, and refuses to stop rectification failed to adopt acts on behalf of exploration, revoke or cancellation of exploration permits. Five in-depth cleaning beyond the approved or mines behavior, beyond the approved scope of mining, and ordered returned to the mining area mining, damages, forfeiture of cross-border exploitation of mineral products and illegal income, sealing the roadway cross-border projects, he refuses to return mining area, it shall revoke the mining permit. Six is strictly illegal recycling clean, did not seek recovery on behalf of other minerals such acts illegal recycling.


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September 16: this rare earth market continues stable, the market waiting to see atmosphere is more intense. Although the actual needs of poor downstream buyers, but Shouchu message to the market is still strong support, which allows manufacturers did not reduce the offer, there is no market price market phenomenon is more obvious.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 210-220 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 210-220 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 560,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 350,000-360,000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 27,000-29,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 28,000-29,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 350,000-360,000 yuan / ton, praseodymium neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 450,000-470,000 yuan / ton.

Europium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,800-5,000 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,100-4,200 yuan / kg.


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Currently, overseas "delinking rare" to further accelerate the pace , alternative materials for the first time in Japan began to develop , Russia, Japan , respectively, declared or acquiring new rare earth resources, mining plan and mining rights . Around the " rare earth " this important market competition is worldwide constantly brewing. In response, China rare earth industry is about to launch large-scale integration .

The end of August , as the "delinking dilute " the vanguard , Japan announced obtained from the United Nations International Seabed Authority in the Pacific high seas a rare earth mining agency seabed exploration rights in the next 15 years , located about 2,000 kilometers southeast of Tokyo South Bird Island neighborhood, an area of ​​3,000 square kilometers of seabed exploration and exploitation area . Although Japan is not clear when they can put into reality the potential mining of rare earth metals , but served as the exploration team leader Yasuhiro Kato, professor at the University of Tokyo that metal reserves the seabed in the region is much higher than expected .

At the same time , as part of the high prices of rare earth resources in the world are concerned about how to ensure their own supply of rare earth . August , the Russian state-owned enterprises and private enterprises PocTex ICT Group also announced plans to mine rare earth deposits in Yakutia Republic , the Republic of Yakutia Thom Thor prepared to invest billions of dollars mine . The mine is considered to be the world's largest deposits of rare earths .
The face of changes in the competitive environment , China rare earth industry is ushering in a huge shift .

Fifth China Baotou Baotou Rare Earth Rare Earth Industry Forum explicit exchange or formal operation in October , and will accelerate the formation of rare earth conglomerates. And China Rare Earth Industry Association is recommended to gradually open light rare earth production mandatory plan .

Synchronized with market reforms , China 's rare earth industry for more stringent regulation will . August 7 , the Ministry announced the " fight against rare earth mining , production, circulation of illegal behavior special action program ." Decision from 2013 August 15 to November 15 in the fight against rare earth mining , production, circulation of illegal special action , focusing on combating the illegal exploitation of rare earth , waste recycling and other irregularities. Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Land , Ministry of Environmental Protection , Customs, State Administration of Taxation , the State Administration for Industry and Commerce , the State Administration of Work Safety will participate .

The special action program , not only for the illegal mining, smelting, trade in inventory , and increase the punishment , will also be on the banner in the name of deep processing of rare earth mining and smelting separation verification of a new round of illegal enterprises , once discovered immediately shut stop, and special stamps and mining of rare earth mandatory plan combination , so that can not be illegal rare earth "bleaching ."

In addition to the mining areas to rectify , the separation of rare earth smelting , recycling and other aspects of governance will also be strengthened. A large number of smelting capacity will be banned or separated out , reflecting the state 's determination of rare earth industry consolidation . In Ganzhou area as an example , after this round of industry consolidation , the rare earth smelting and separation in the region is expected to ban production capacity nearly 50 percent , smelting separation production capacity from the current 16 companies reduced to eight .

China rare earth industry reform is the trend. With other resource sector reform , like the recent consolidation of rare earth industry faces perhaps the only Chinese rare earth industry consolidation as a signal . As Chinese rare earth export restrictions probably due in early 2015 with the relevant WTO rules liberalized, China rare earth industry will face a market mechanism alternative policy mechanisms challenges , as well as from the new rare earth resources and alternative materials challenges. For the maintenance of the status of international pricing of rare earth , rare earth industry consolidation is expected to follow will be carried out on a larger scale .


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Some analysts have pointed out that this reflects the market performance or the situation of the rare earth industry : while the poor status quo , but the recent series of potential positive industry outlook heralds good , but also by the market 's attention. Rare earth plate upward , perhaps missing the key " finishing touches ."

Shouchu rumors pulling sector rose

September 10 , sources said , since July began to spread rumors of rare earth purchasing and storage , or in a week formally implemented. Stimulation by the news , on September 11 after the opening rare earth stocks have soared , but after the 1st , which is the last trading day last week , the market is expected to once again strengthened. And showed almost the same price trend: rapid upside shortly after the opening bell , shot up after finishing down , the remaining stocks are rising .

But unfortunately, the rumors failed to come true. In fact, the earth is about to implement purchasing and storage rumors are not groundless . September 12 , " the second batch of rare earth on 2013 mandatory production plan targets adjusted announcement ", said the office under the Ministry of earth 's consent , for 2013 the second batch of rare earth smelting and separation products minerals and mandatory production plans to adjust , adjusted index rose by 500 tons and 200 tons.

As previously Minmetals Rare earth has been involved in purchasing and storage , and thus for the adjustment , some analysts said , the purpose of purchasing and storage precisely to the next .

Rare earth prices quickly rebounded

"Although the rare earth industry as a whole as well as the macroeconomic situation and market demand is directly related to , but the state purchasing prices for businesses and rare positive role can not be ignored ." Insiders told reporters .

" Stocks have soared , in addition to purchasing and storage rumors , there is one important reason is the strengthening of industry consolidation ." The source said.
 
Data show that , by the Ganzhou Rare Earth private mining regions of the comprehensive combat boost rare earth prices rebounded sharply beginning in June . Dysprosium oxide early June 1.13 million yuan per ton, the lowest point , to 16 August 2.27 million yuan per ton , up more than 100%. Neodymium oxide, praseodymium from early June to 240,000 yuan per ton , rising to 16 August to 35.1 million , up more than 46%.

Subsequently, the Ministry of Industry jointly launched a new round of eight ministries rare earth industry remediation work , the time for August 15 to November 15 , against covering the whole industry chain of rare earth industry .

Some investors said that the Ministry of Relay industry consolidation , the scope expanded to a national , long time, with clear objectives , for the rare earth industry is significantly positive. But what is puzzling is that the rare earth sector rally began at this time but never halted , has been in a sideways among the good news has not been fully released, for the latter is still worth the wait.

Industry consolidation Taimukaiqi

In addition to state purchasing and industry consolidation , the rare earth industry, the most interesting recent good news , no doubt accelerate the industry consolidation .

September 11 , Su Bo, vice minister of the Ministry of Industry , held in Dalian Summer Davos forum, said rare earth industry consolidation work is not slow, soon there will be great progress before the end of this year there will be results .

Market is expected , according to " through the formation of large rare earth rare earth industry groups to improve industrial concentration ," the integration of direction , and this purpose is to regulate the legitimate exploitation of rare earth , easy to manage.

In fact, many rare earth companies already have in the area of rare earth resources integration staged drama .

"In the current situation of weak demand rare earth industry , the integration can be said to be imminent speed from the medium and long term , the rare earth industry, there is a certain positive expectations ." The analysts said .


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China Rare Earth Association, vice president Chen Zhanheng said Friday that if the government's fight against illegal mining in the expected results, the South mine supply will likely remain at 1.8 million tons / year, the northern ore supply to keep 76,000 tons / year, the total rare earth mine supply will remain at 94,000 tons, smelting separation products supply remained at about 90,000 tons.
    
Ministry of Industry jointly eight ministries rare crackdown is still in corporate self-examination stage, the industry is looking forward to this fight can achieve the desired results, effectively rectify the domestic rare earth chaotic phase.


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