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Rare animal nutrition and disease resistance mechanism of growth-promoting

Details: Category: Rare Earth News; Published on Tuesday, 10 September 2013 18:58; Written by HJF; Hits: 1639

RE is a new , safe and efficient feed additives to promote animal growth , improve feed efficiency , increase economic efficiency and other characteristics are widely used at home and abroad . Rare animals is also an activator of many enzymes , have a good anti-inflammatory , antiseptic , anti-cancer , anti-clotting and analgesic effects. In view of this , this article about the rare earth elements on animal nutrition and disease resistance mechanism of growth-promoting do a review , the rational use of rare earth elements for consumers to provide a theoretical basis .

A classification and distribution of rare earth

Rare including chemical periodic table of 15 lanthanides and their chemically similar elements scandium and yttrium of 17 elements in general. This is 17 kinds of rare earth elements are usually divided into light rare earths and heavy rare earths. China's rare earth resources are very rich in livestock and additives used in the production of rare earth is divided into organic and inorganic rare earth ( Young Snyder and others, 2008 ) . The main products are rare earth nitrate , hydrochloride rare earth, rare earth carbonates , sulfates, rare earth, rare earth vitamins , citric acid, rare earth, rare earth chelate of amino acids .

Rare-earth absorption in animal metabolism of the body

Rare mainly through the mouth, respiratory tract and skin are absorbed and used by the animal organism , the vast majority in the form of hydroxides or phosphates into the reticuloendothelial system , in transit to the lymph nodes, liver and bones. Excreted primarily through the urine , bile, gastrointestinal wall discharge. Which LREE mainly from the bile, stomach and intestinal excretion, and heavy rare earth elements are mainly deposited in bone, released into the blood after urine. In addition , the accumulation of rare earth concentration of the body , kind and content of the chelating agent , the chemical form of rare earth elements and in vivo behavior can also be regarded as affecting the performance of its excretion important factor .

3 RE on immune function in animals

Jing Shao Red ( 2010 ) noted that the immune system is the body's resistance to disease and toxic substance important defense system , pigs , chicken, fish fed with rare earth elements, to reduce disease and improve survival . Adding 30 ~ 125mg/kg of rare animals can enhance macrophage activity and increased animal body defenses. Mawen Jiang ( 2006 ) also noted that adding a small amount of rare earth elements with increased NK cell activity and T lymphocytes , stimulating immunoglobulin production , increased synthesis of body IgG, IgM antibodies such as the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation , anti- cancer cells , inhibit and kill tumor cells . Zhengzong Yun ( 2011 ) study showed that adding rare earth weaned piglets can significantly increase serum concentrations of immunoglobulin IgG (P <0.01) IgG levels directly reflect the body's immune status . It is to be effective mainly in the intestinal tract , from the role of antibodies . Because when weaning , digestive and immune function have yet to develop a sound , susceptible to the impact of dietary microbes produce stress . In weaned piglets , the immunoglobulin E. coli and other pathogenic microorganisms with specific binding , play a role in weakening its toxicity , thus preventing diarrhea and improve their growth conditions . In addition , rare earth animal blood selenium (Se) levels tended to increase . Selenium is an important component of glutathione peroxidase component of glutathione peroxidase can clear the toxic effects of lipid peroxides , can effectively prevent the cellular and sub- membrane damage by peroxides . Because rare earth elements can enhance the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity , can play a role in scavenging free radicals . It can be seen , the chemistry and earth lively strong complexing ability of harmful organisms for which a radical scavenger to provide a strong guarantee . Combined with the above points can be learned, by virtue of its own REE special nature , can improve animal immunity to improve the animal's body resistance .

4 RE on animal metabolism of nutrients in the body

Rare may increase nutrient metabolism in the digestive tract or the activity of certain enzymes to improve the absorption of nutrients animals . Zhengzong Yun ( 2011 ) pointed out that the earth affect glucose metabolism, so that the body changes in blood glucose concentration . There are two possible reasons : one is the rare earth elements with islet β cell plasma membrane binding , stimulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells , reduce blood glucose levels, high blood sugar for a relief role ; second is inhibited liver sugar REE gluconeogenesis key enzymes. Rare earth elements can be formed with a variety of amino acid or protein complexes , which affect protein metabolism processes in the body , to promote animal growth . When the rare earth elements with trypsin and pepsin when combined , can enhance trypsin and pepsin protein decomposition , thereby strengthening the intestinal digestion and absorption of protein . In addition , rare earth can also promote the secretion of digestive juices , improve digestive enzyme activity, can effectively avoid indigestion after weaning piglets to prevent diarrhea , thereby improving weaning daily gain and feed efficiency , increase economic gains. This shows that there is a strong resistance earth can be used as the production of piglets in the kind of good additive . REE can reduce blood cholesterol levels , affecting the citric acid cycle , regulate lipid metabolic pathways.

5 Rare Earth on the impact of trace elements

REE is not an essential trace element in animals , but the rare earth elements with certain essential trace elements there is a close relationship between . Rare in animals can be used as calcium antagonistic agent and substituted agent, rare earth ions alter epidermal cell membrane calcium channels , to promote calcium influx . Interfere with the normal physiological function of calcium . Pack Yu-Min et al (1991 ) in the diets of rare earth elements significantly improves the absorption of phosphorus , improved utilization of phosphorus , may be due to rare earth elements can be enhanced to accelerate the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity of plant phosphorus in feed utilization.

6 RE inhibitory effects on intestinal

Most studies show that the earth may play a similar role of antibiotics , selective effect on the gastrointestinal tract, the development of bacterial species , inhibition of some negative bacteria. Higher concentration of rare earth ions can inhibit bacterial growth , while lower concentrations to stimulate the growth of bacteria . Huochun Fang ( 2000 ) noted that the rare earth complexes with antibacterial effect, the majority of organic ligands in the ring contains a carboxyl group , a hydroxyl group or a sulfonic acid group, an aromatic compound . Fan Qiongying ( 2009 ) pointed out that the rare earth on bacterial intracellular protein and enzyme activity affected. Rare Earth on the role of DNA in bacterial cells are also some reports . Rare earth elements can be seen through the destruction of cell morphology , and thereby play a role in the bacterial cell membrane , etc. , and to affect the activity of bacterial protein , destruction of the cell growth , and thus achieve antibacterial sterilization results. Secondly, the earth has a certain weak acid, can reduce the pH of the gastrointestinal tract , effectively inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms and reproduction , is conducive to enhance physical fitness, reduce diarrhea .

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Lanthanum Cerium market difficult market downturn of dysprosium

Details: Category: Rare Earth News; Published on Tuesday, 10 September 2013 18:54; Written by HJF; Hits: 1617

Today, some businesses minor adjustments rare earth market prices, most products remained stable, the market lull, a few inquiries. Lanthanum, cerium market, the recent rumors that stir people purchasing and storage, many businesses are waiting to see the market waiting for a specific quantity and price of purchasing and storage, but the Baotou area suppliers, said the current situation temporarily not state purchasing and storage of lanthanum, cerium oxide Therefore, purchasing and storage information temporarily be lanthanum, cerium this market have a positive impact. Although innovations such as lanthanum oxide, cerium and other such products prices has almost stumbled, but the face of a lot of supply, limited demand, lanthanum, cerium prices may continue to fall.

Didymium recent market remained stable, suppliers offer is still unchanged from last week. Praseodymium neodymium metal market is currently 45-46 with a vote yuan / ton, with a vote before the partial offer 470,000 yuan / ton, the price to suppliers 465,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide, praseodymium with ticket prices at 35-35.5 yuan / ton, no obvious change.

Dysprosium products market, Ganzhou some suppliers offer slightly reduced, with ticket prices currently at 210 yuan / ton, lower than the previous offer 50,000 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron price down 30,000 yuan / ton to 2.2 million yuan / ton.

Slight fluctuations in the market price of erbium oxide, the current mainstream market quotations 36-39 yuan / ton, steady last week quoted at 37 yuan / ton, traders today will be raised to 390,000 yuan price / ton.

Today, magnetic scrap market, quoted yesterday recyclers offer flat or slightly adjusted 1 yuan / kg. Mainstream market price did not change too much, short of 96-100 yuan / kg, long 107-110 yuan / kg, tiles 127-130 yuan / kg. Some recyclers reflect the recent lack of orders, receipt will weaken, temporarily offer no receipt. Current market traders wait and see attitude heavier City, that the market outlook will rise situation will have stabilized.

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September 10 rare earth price quotes

Details: Category: Rare Earth News; Published on Tuesday, 10 September 2013 14:27; Written by HJF; Hits: 1585

September 10: this rare earth market overall continues to stability maintenance, purchasing and storage of messages have been identified, purchasing and storage enterprises involved and time not yet determined, but so the message implementation, most manufacturers offer held firm, because the actual market demand, the domestic rare earth prices temporary hard up, maintenance of stability based.

Dysprosium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 210-220 yuan / ton, dysprosium iron mainstream manufacturers tax price 210-220 yuan / ton.

Praseodymium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 560,000-580,000 yuan / ton. Neodymium oxide 355,000-365,000 yuan / ton.

Lanthanum oxide manufacturers tax price 27,000-29,000 yuan / ton. Cerium oxide mainstream manufacturers tax price 28,000-29,000 yuan / ton.

Neodymium oxide, praseodymium mainstream manufacturers tax price 350,000-360,000 yuan / ton, praseodymium neodymium metal mainstream manufacturers tax price 460,000-470,000 yuan / ton.

Europium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,800-5,000 yuan / kg. Terbium oxide phosphor grade mainstream manufacturers tax price 4,100-4,200 yuan / kg.

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Efficient and clean use of rare earth resources in the scientific basis of forum was held

Details: Category: Rare Earth News; Published on Tuesday, 10 September 2013 14:30; Written by HJF; Hits: 1635

By the National Natural Science Foundation of Chemical Sciences , Engineering and Materials Science Division, and Policy Council, Inner Mongolia University, contractors , Baotou Rare Earth Research Institute co-organized the first 99 pairs Qing Forum on 27-29 August 2013 was held in Baotou City . The forum focused on efficient and clean use of rare earth resources in the scientific basis of related fields , in-depth study of rare earth resources, efficient use of green separation , preparation of high-purity rare earth materials and other fields of science base and key technologies , discuss the future direction of 3-5 years, the focus of funding proposed a forward-looking policy recommendations. Conference topics include efficient cleaning of extraction and separation of rare earth , rare earth functional materials, rare earth theory new progress.

Participate in this forum, the official representative of a total of 58 people, including five academicians , namely Beijing University of Chemical Technology Duan Xue academician , academician Chen Xiaoming Sun Yat-sen , Qinghua Li Yadong academicians, Peking University, Yan Chunhua Fellow , Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Zhao before most of the rest of the professor and winner of national Outstanding Youth Fund , as well as some colleges and universities , research institutes and rare earth enterprises well-known experts . Participate in the forum leaders are NSFC NSFC deputy director Liang Wenping Chemical Sciences Division , Department of Chemical Science Fund Committee Director Chen a , Foundation Director of Department of Chemical Science five Sun Hongwei , Department of Chemical Science Foundation Project Director Chunxia four , Department of Chemical Science Foundation of five project director Zhang Guojun , Department of Chemical Science Foundation project integrated with Mobile master Ren Zhoudan , NSFC bureau Dr. Meng Qingfeng . The Fund Committee agreed to attend the Forum as observers representatives of 30 people, including my school chemistry and chemical engineering academic leaders and academic backbone 13 people , the rest of Inner Mongolia Baotou Rare Earth Research Institute and the University of Technology researchers .

The forum is a high-end rare earth industry conference , brought together the domestic first-class basic research and applied research of rare earth expert meeting defined the rare earth research and application development of the main direction for the Foundation of the next 3-5 years to provide priority funding areas the informative basis and policy recommendations for the promotion of efficient and clean use of rare earth resources have a significant impact and strategic significance, but , for my school in the rare earth applications of talent and scientific research work is bound to have a major impact , not only to make relevant personnel understanding of the development of integrated rare earth industry status quo , but also defined the goal of the next few years .

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Ministry of remediation efforts to increase rare earth prices continue to rebound

Details: Category: Rare Earth News; Published on Tuesday, 10 September 2013 14:25; Written by HJF; Hits: 1543

June 2013, the Jiangxi government launched to crack down on illegal rare action, to achieve better results. August 7, the Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Land and other eight ministries issued "Combating rare earth mining, production, circulation of illegal behavior special action program", jointly launched the earth for three months for illegal crackdown, which is also the history of the the most severe combat smuggling of rare earth once. In order to more effectively implement policies to combat illegal rare earths, the Ministry is expected in the near future to establish RE illegal "blacklist."

It is understood that the Ministry will be "invoices" as a clue, involving the domestic rare earth mining, smelting and trading enterprise for large-scale separation of the special investigation, one by one register and check the conditions established under the management of rare earth "black list", to manage categories , the establishment of long-term regulatory mechanism. Once the illegal behavior of rare earth, rare earth rare earth companies will be registered into the "black list", will become the Ministry of Local Government and key monitoring object.

Illegal poaching of rare earth has been affected the healthy development of China's rare earth industry, the most important factor. In the rare earth market price downturn, illegal rare earth resources in the absence of tax and environmental costs, the market still cheap dumping profit. In recent years, China's rare earth mining total control indicators are 93,800 tons; According to industry experts expect the private domestic rare earth minerals annually more than 100,000 tons of rare earth on behalf of private mining even more than the formal channels of supply controlling the total rare earth mining .

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