Tungsten hexachloride is an important raw material for new applications in many industries have been widely. For example, it is used as catalytic in the chemical industry, machinery industry’s production and repair, coating the surface of the glass industry and car glass industries. Its producing process is as follows:
1. Putting 100g tungsten trioxide (WO3) and 1L tungsten hexachloride into 2L round-bottomed flask, equipped with a reflux condenser with drying tube. After sufficiently stirring then heated until the tungsten trioxide reaction and completely dissolved which will need about 4h.
2. After cooling produce black crystals, in a dry box use a glass filter crystals, washed by dried carbon tetrachloride. Then use a vacuum pump with a trap to remove all organic solvent for 1 hour.
3. Putting metal tungsten powder into a quartz reaction tube as well as pumped in chlorine gas and reaction at 1000 ℃, then tungsten hexachloride sublimation and separate out at reaction tube cold area.
Before and after the reaction, the reaction tube and receiver inside’s air and chlorine should replace by inert gas completely. Because during the reaction if there has oxygen or moisture will easy to produce tungsten oxychlorine WCl2O2 and WOCl4. If there are above-described tungsten oxychlorine during the reaction, can be removed by heating, it is because they have larger volatile than tungsten hexachloride.

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The results of in situ temperature-resolved powder diffraction studies of CaWO₄ scheelite using both synchrotron radiation and neutron scattering are reported. The studies performed over a broad temperature range of 5-1773 K confirm the scheelite type of structure for calcium tungstate over the whole temperature range. The anisotropy of thermal expansion in calcium tungstate as well as the rigidity of WO₄ complexes have been analysed in terms of bond distances, interatomic angles and anisotropic displacement parameters. The WO₄^2- complex anions showed a remarkable robustness in the whole studied temperature range, thus pointing out that the layered structure formed by two-dimensional CsCl-type arrangements of Ca cations and WO₄ complexes is the primary reason for the anisotropy of thermal expansion in calcium tungstate.

 

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Tungsten hexachloride is a dark blue-purple crystal, and it is mainly used for plated tungsten by vapor deposition method and single crystal tungsten wire producing. Besides it also widely use in glass surface conductive layer, used as an olefin polymerization catalyst or organic synthesis and purification of tungsten.  Tungsten hexachloride is an important raw material for new applications, have been widely used in many industries. For example, it is widely used in chemical catalytic, mechanical industry production and repair and glass industry surface coating especially in car windows producing. Its physical characteristics are as follows: density: 3.52, melting point 275 ℃, boiling point 346 ℃, soluble in carbon disulfide, ether, ethanol, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and easily decompose by water.
Tungsten hexachloride has some toxicity in the operation should pay attention to wear protective clothing if it exposed to the skin and eyes may result in irritation. What’s more it will caused serious pollution of water, so even a small amount of the tungsten hexachloride can not reach ground water, water course or sewage system, without government permission cannot released it to the environment.

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Tungsten points could play a part as electrical points or molecular materials. For example, tungsten points can be used as a contacting or breaking point in the switch circuit, and also used for AC (Alternating Current) contactor points. Tungsten points use tungsten as their raw materials which have high breaking current capacity, erosion resistance, and nice wear resistance. So, tungsten points have wide application in industry, agriculture, science and technology, and defense fields. Their specific applications containing:
Applied in electric equipment for machine tool;
As a contact in Magneto breaker;
Electronic equipment, annunciator points;
Automotive electrical appliance points (such as, sirens, speakers, distributor, voltage regulators and so on);
Used as relay points, shutter points, alarm points, automatic switching points, communication machine points.


 

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Tungsten contacts can act as electrical contacts or molecular materials. For example, in the switch circuit, they are used as a contact point or breaking point, and they can also be used for AC (Alternating Current) contactor contacts. Tungsten contacts material made of tungsten owning erosion resistance, high breaking current capacity, and good wear resistance. Therefore, tungsten contacts are widely used in agriculture, industry, science and technology and defense fields. Its specific applications include:
Communication machine contacts;              
Electric equipment for machine tool;
Relay contacts;
Shutter contacts;
Alarm contacts;
Automatic switching contacts;
Magneto contact breaker;
Electronic equipment, annunciator contacts;
Automotive electrical appliance contacts (distributor, speakers, sirens, voltage regulators, etc.).


 

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3. The parameter of rotary swaging mold could lowering the quality of tungsten points

When design the rotary swaging mold, the bearing length and ovality is not appropriately chose.
The control is inappropriate when repairing the mold, therefore, the two-part having inconsistent parameter, and they have bad finish, different size, and the arc between deformation zone and convergence aren’t in the same plane;

When repairing worn hammer, because the height of hammers vary one another among them and the highest point of the hammers don’t focus on the center line. So, when swaging, there will be deformation cause by uneven stress.


 

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3. The parameter of rotary swaging mode or repair problem can result in bad quality of tungsten contacts

The select of bearing length and ovality is not appropriate when design the rotary swaging mode.
The repair of the mode is not well controlled, so parameter of the two-part are inconsistent, they own different size, bad finish and the arcs between deformation zone and convergence are not in the same plane.

When trimming worn hammer, because the height of hammers vary among them and the highest point of the hammer is not grinding on the center line, so when swaging, deformation will occurs due to uneven stress.


 

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3. Inappropriate process design can influence the quality of tungsten points

In the process of pure tungsten blanks, crystals are not classified into fine crystals, coarse crystals and other crystalline, only processing temperatures changed.

In the swaging process, the heating temperature is not stable and feeding speed is not even. And in the tungsten blanks rounded process, the holding time is not appropriate.
The surface of tungsten rod is inappropriately alkaline washing.


 

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3. Inappropriate process design can bring about a bad effect on the quality of tungsten contacts

There is no classification on the process of pure tungsten blanks (coarse grain, fine grain and other crystalline), but only adopt different processing temperatures.
In the swaging process, the heating temperature is fluctuant and feeding speed is uneven. And increasing appropriate holding time failed in the tungsten blanks rounded process.
Alkaline wash of tungsten rod surface is not appropriate.


 

Tungsten Metals Manufacturer & Supplier: Chinatungsten Online - http://www.tungsten.com.cn
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